Neanderthal Essays

According to “Rethinking Neanderthals,” the typical tool kit of a Neanderthal contained a variation of large spears and knives. Neanderthals used animal bones to cut into meat and to hunt animals. Other tools were found to be useful for making clothing and other tools were used for woodworking. They also found a butchered reindeer bone and claimed it was used to cut meat. They also stated that these tools used for meat cutting were shaped in a hand shape D. Inside the cave, they found many hunting

Humans Didn’t Outsmart the Neanderthals. We Just Outlasted Them, written by Sarah Kaplan and published by the Washignton Post on November 1st, 2017, analyzes the relationship between the Homo neanderthalensis and Homo sapiens. During the Paleolithic age, which is dated from approximately 2.6 million years ago to 11,700 years ago (Britannica, 2017), the Neanderthals were identified to be “the height of sophistication”, according to author Kaplan Washington Post, 2017). These hominids displayed exceptional

Popular Culture has often depicted Homo Neanderthals as inferior to Anatomically Modern Humans without much scientific evidence backing those claims of how Neanderthals and early humans coexisted. Movies, TV shows and commercials consistently push the same message that Neanderthals were clumsy, unintelligent, and barbaric, which is not the case. Anthropologists in the past have advanced the hypothesis that Neanderthals were an inferior species to make the homo sapiens appear superior and to align

talks about how archeologist have found a tar-based glue substance on weapons that date back to the Neanderthals. The discovery of glue debunks the popular belief that the Neanderthals weren’t a complex group. The discovery was made in Germany and Italy and date back to 200,000 years ago. They believe the substance was made from a wood material. In attempts to recreate the process in which the Neanderthals may have used, they began experimenting with methods that may have been used. They discovered three

structure we see that Neanderthals have “a pronounced projection of the midface and the cheekbones are obliquely oriented and ‘inflated’” (Harvati 2010). As for the cranial features, Neanderthals temporal bone displays many different markings than that of a modern human. Another noticeable difference in the cranial region is that the average brain size of Neanderthals is larger than that of modern humans (Holloway, 1985). In fact, it has been stated that this unique adaptation Neanderthals bear is also a

The Out of Africa Theory What proofs are there supporting the out of Africa Theory? The origin of modern humans, Homo sapiens, is a very fervently debated issue in palaeontology and anthropology. Most palaeoanthropologists agree that hominins first evolved in Africa, but disagree on where Homo sapiens emerged. There are two theories regarding the origins of modern humans: they emerged in one place – Africa; or hominins spread out of Africa and became modern humans in other parts of the world.

Annotated Bibliography: Hominins Set 3: Hominins. Appropriate topics include (but are not limited to) finds of new fossils early human ancestors, or any analysis of earlier finds. Inappropriate topics include dinosaurs, Big Foot sightings, Noah’s Ark, etc. Please note that the current trend is for researchers to use “hominid” to refer to African apes (this usage would include chimpanzees, bonobos, and gorillas as well as humans), and “hominin” to refer to human ancestors (those that follow the

Kunzig I found interesting. Kunzig discovers that Neanderthals are our closest extinct human relatives. He had lots of good quality of work he has done to prove his main point. When he found the child that was buried they discovered that the child had leg bones strong enough to support a stocky Neanderthal body. According to Erik Trinkaus, a paleoanthropologist at Washington University in Saint Louis he states, “To prove the child had Neanderthal ancestors as well as Cro-Magnon ones, it only takes

Is Archaeology worth it? Did you know that archaeology is the only field of study that covers all times periods and all geographic regions inhabited by humans, meaning that without archaeology we wouldn't know a single thing about any of those things. Archaeology is the study human history and remains through the excavation of sites and the analysis of artifacts. They work long hard hours in order for us to understand ourselves and our history better. Due to archaeology we know many different things

The Venus of Willendorf Sculpture was made in 24,000- 22,000, Before the Common Era (BCE), the Paleolithic Period or Old Stone Age, which was the longest phase of human history. The Paleothic Period was made up of nomadic hunters and gathers that were sheltered in caves, used fire, and stones for tools. A fun fact about this discovery is that it is the earliest pieces of prehistoric sculpture that has ever been found. It was made by hand, made of limestone, has a height of 11cm and was found in

decomposition after the death of the individual, highly preserving the structure and hence the information of the individual. Furthermore, calculus around the teeth also proves to be an important reservoir of information. Introduction to Neanderthals Neanderthals are archaic humans considered to be a separate species (Homo neanderthalensis) from modern humans (Homo

Chapter 5: The Neolithic Revolution For about two million years, our hominid ancestors were shaping rocks into stone axes to be tied to their long spears or for use in cutting through the flesh of the animals they had killed for food. Homo erectus had been that species, a species that had wandered far and wide out of Africa and into the Indonesian archipelago. They were built to run and were hairless, allowing the sweat to cool off their bodies during the hunt. With their ability to make and

Animism was the first ever religion to grace the world, hailing from Africa over 100,000 years ago. As the world evolved, more and more people converted themselves into different doctrines that would make up the over 4,100 religions that we have today. Two are Judaism and Buddhism. Buddhism started with a man called Siddhartha Gautama, the ancient Buddha that started it all. He was born in Lumbini (in present-day Nepal) during the 5th century BCE. The religion is one of the most prominent religions

1. Humanization vs. Hominization: a. Compare and contrast Lamarck’s and Darwin’s explanation of the process of evolution of the species. [Criterion A] Lamarck believed that if your body changed in order to adapt then those features would be inherited into your biological children. Darwin believed that all species develop through a process of natural selection called the “survival of the fittest” which states that some traits that help organisms compete, survive and reproduce are most likely going

Introduction Anthropology is said to be a study of humanity across time and space i.e how humans adapt to different environments, interact, socialize and behave. Homo erectus is an important focus of the study of humanity (human evolution) primarily because, it is said to be the first species to be found outside Africa and presented many anatomical features that happen to imitate evolution towards the pattern seen in homo sapiens, like brain size and parts of the skeleton below the head. This assignment

The Angus Mammoth Holen, Steven R., David W. May, and Shannon A. Mahan. 2011 “The Angus Mammoth: A Decades-Old Scientific Controversy Resolved”. American Antiquity 76.3: 487–499. Back in 1931, a mammoth fossil was found by a 15 year old named Earl Brooks in Nuckolls County, Nebraska. An expert was called in from the Hastings museum and he instantly identified the bones as mammoth and started excavating the skeleton. While digging a tunnel around the left scapula, Brooks encountered a hard object

Human evolution is a process of change with people. This evolution originated from apelike ancestors. Scientific evidence shows that the physical and behavioral traits shared by all people began from apelike ancestors and evolved over a period of approximately six million years until today One of the earliest defining human traits proving this is bipedalism , known as the ability to walk on two legs which had evolved over 4 million years ago. Other important human characteristics include a large

Historical aspects of bone marrow study- A concise history The oldest known procedure carried out on mankind is that of trepanning. Skulls 8000–10,000 years old showing evidence of medical intervention have been found in Europe, Northern Africa, Asia and New Zealand (Fig 1). This extensive distribution has been attributed to Asiatic origins. Many of these ‘patients’ survived as shown by evidence of healing of their bones (Fig 1). In Peru, from where a large amount of information comes, the procedure

The Dmanisi skull 4, also known as D3444 with its mandible D3900, is one of five Homo erectus skulls discovered in Dmanisi, Georgia. Described in a publication in October 2006, it is believed to be about 1.8 million years old. Dmanisi D3444/D3900 is believed to be a Homo erectus adult female with a marked edentulous (toothless) grin. The cranium (D3444) was found first in 2002 and the mandible (D3900) was found later in 2004, immediately adjacent to the spot the cranium was found. The brain has an

extinction of the Neanderthals around forty thousand years ago. Some researchers speculate that Neanderthals did not develop sufficient tools that would allow them to gather and hunt food efficiently while others speculate that early modern humans introduced deadly pathogens into Neanderthal populations which led to their extinction. However, researchers led by zooarchaeologist Jamie Hodgkins have found that frequent and lengthy glacial periods may have led to the extinction of the Neanderthals. They hypothesized