Reflex Essays

Patellar Reflex The Patellar Reflex is tested by tapping the patellar tendon right below the kneecap, with a small hammer. When a doctor or nurse raps the tendon, the patient immediately kicks their leg out. The quick knee jerk reflex occurs within the spinal cord. The reflex indicates that a section of the spinal cord, and the nerves extending from it are working properly (Staff, 2007). The doctor tests the patient for the patellar reflex to ensure that there are no problems within the spinal

PHYSIOLOGY Physiological implications The swallowing reflex Laryngeal mask airway insertion is highly successful as a blind technique as it utilizes the normal existing physiological mechanism of swallowing to follow the natural curve and the direction of the upper airway; the inserting finger imitating the tongue’s action in swallowing food. However, swallowing reflex itself must be suppressed for the insertion and then tolerance of the laryngeal mask airway cuff in the pharynx

Theory of Cognitive Development The cognitive theory of development is the human intelligence enhancement of an individual throughout their life-span. There are four stages that are involved in the intellectual development of an individual during his or her life. Complexity and abstraction are evident with increase throughout the cognitive development theory of any normal person. The four stages of the cognitive development theory comprise of sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and

INTRO/BACKGROUND Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy, a neurodegenerative condition in which an individual may experience executive dysfunction, impaired memory, depression, apathy, poor impulse control, suicidal tendencies, and ultimately dementia, has come to attention in recent years (Baugh et al. 2012). Currently the disease is not diagnosable until the individual has passed away and symptoms often mimic those of other neurodegenerative conditions. With that being said, CTE is a problem that

Introduction Attachment is the emotional bond between a child and parent. This bond can shape the way in which the child's emotional and social development can phase out throughout it’s lifetime. Both attachment and temperament have shown robust associations with children’s peer functioning (Berlin et al,, 2008.) Early attachment within the child's life has an impact on the developing brain, which can result in lasting effects at a neuronal level (Schore, 1994.) Of course the importance of attachment

Introduction At the beginning of our lives we are born to create a relationship with our love ones, it depends on our parent to provide us with love and warmth to develop a positive bounding relationship. The purpose of the paper is to reflect which attachment style was utilized by my parents during my childhood and which type of attachment style I identify more during my adulthood. The four types of attachment styles that will be discussed are avoidant attachment, secure attachment, disorganized

The dry mouth reflex was first described by Cannon (1937). When areas of the oral mucosa become dry, mucosal receptors trigger the dry mouth reflex, which results in stimulation of saliva secretion. Dehydration of oral mucosa may also trigger thirst through stimulation of tactile receptors (Hirsch, 2015; John E. Hall & Guyton, 2006). Patients with xerostomia may wake up at night feeling the urge to drink (Bots, et al., 2004)The conjunctival epithelium consists of a non-keratinized, two to five cell

(d)When the subject holds the book, the leg’s movement increases. Part 2: Achilles Reflex Hypothesis: The hammer tapping the Achilles tendon will cause the foot to jerk towards the plantar surface. (e)The toes being to move outwards and heel moves inwards. Part 3:Babinski Reflex (f)Inside-curling toes. Infants exhibit the reverse reflex; their toes typically point outward rather than inside. Part 4:Pupillary reflex (g)The eye that was closed had a larger pupil than they eye that was open. (h) The

Fundus Camera Reticle Setup (Mydriatic) An often overlooked and critical step in obtaining sharp images is to set your reticle. The reticle is the adjustable viewfinder crosshairs and is unique to each operator’s eye visual acuity. To adjust, place a white piece of paper in front of the camera (alternatively, you can use the camera lens cap on), raise the illumination light to highest and while looking through the viewfinder, turn the eyepiece clockwise and counter-clockwise until crosshairs are

What are the benefits of a wide angle and why choose one? What situations can they use? Begin because I will answer all these questions for you. A wide-angle lens as its name suggests is just a lens that can capture a wider area than a standard zoom lens, and this gives us great advantages when you take these an image of something or a scene that does not can simply not be pressed into a normal image with a standard lens. One of the main advantages of a wide-angle lens is that you can achieve as

In 1975, an employee of Kodak created the first digital camera from scrap and a single cassette tape. Prior to this invention, photographs were taken using film cameras. Before, photographs were stored on film rather than memory cards. Eventually, the digital format dominated the photography industry. The innovation of the digital camera changed the costs of photography and the way photographs were taken. The Advanced Photo System (APS) was first introduced in 1996 by Kodak under the brand name

“Photography is the only language that can be understood anywhere in the world.” – Bruno Barbey. Photography has been around since the 1800’s (National Geographic Photography 202). Photography involves a variety of skills and contains many different rules and settings (Photo Basics #1: Introduction and Exposure- Improve Photography 1) The basic tools of photography would be a DSLR camera or any camera that one can adjust the settings: ISO, shutter speed, and aperture. Other objects involved would

Things you can do to possess Award-Winning Surf Pictures Photography or what's known as the skill of taking photos is one thing enjoyable for the one that takes them along with the one that examines them as well. The photography enthusiasts would surely love to look for the correct position and also the right lighting to allow them to get individuals breath-capturing while individuals who're to look at them want to observe, be mesmerized using its originality and develop their very own understanding

Terrain, Edie Marshall’s installation of 1000 lushly worked oil paintings, is a record of a road trip through the Great Plains of North America. Over the duration of the trip, made in 2013, Marshall took over 1500 photos on her iPhone. Randomly shooting images on impulse, most of the photos are landscapes taken from the passenger seat of the moving car, though shots also include excursions into towns, cities, historic sites, an aquarium, hiking trails, parks, and roadside vistas. Upon returning

While the majority of these structures promote amplification of sound, the muscles of the middle ear actually serve to protect hearing from damage caused by loud sounds. The tensor tympani and stapedius muscle work together to activate the acoustic reflex when needed. The tensor tympani and the stapedius muscle serve to “increase resonant frequency of the middle ear to protect the inner ear from high sound pressure levels”(Pau, Punke, Zehlicke, Dressler, & Sievert, 2005). The stapedius muscle

This lab investigated how differing conditions in water would affect the reflex known as the dive reflex, which was evaluated by measuring heart rate and amplitude of blood flow. The dive reflex is explained as a drop in heart rate and blood flow while the subject is submerged underwater. Bradycardia is the term used to describe the decreased heart rate (HR), and it is advantageous to mammals. Bradycardia helps retain as much oxygen as possible during the submersion in order for muscles to work more

the hot burner due to an automatic reflex and this prevented her from burning herself. The skin receptors in her hand was stimulated and then nerve impulse were sent to the central nervous system through the sensory neurons this is where the brain coordinates the response but not always this is known as the reflex action and in Rachel 's case her hand instantly moved from the hot burner without to much thinking.(Bbc.co.uk, 2017) In this type of automatic reflex actions are overseen by combination

Finding Relief From Back Pain With The Aid of Reflexology Back pain can be classified as anything from tenderness to discomfort and actual pain that occurs in the spinal area. However, everyone can agree that because the spinal cord is so sensitive it is very unwelcome to experience any sort of pain or discomfort related to it. Back pain is also very common, with up to eight out of ten people experiencing some form of it during their lifetime. Women are also more susceptible to this condition compared

adulthood with no change. The Eye-blink reflex is when the blinking of the eyes occurs when they are touched or stimulated by a bright light (Feldman, 2009). The Eye-blink reflex protects and lubricates the eye and if not protected could result in drying up of the eye, which could ultimately result in blindness. The Eye-blink reflex is a reflex that is developed in embryo and lasts all throughout ones lifespan (Fillion et al., 1998). MedicineNet defines Startle reflex as an infant’s response to stimuli

womb and can hurt the baby and the placenta is the mechanism in place to help protect the baby. The three reflexes of newborns are the grasping reflex, the rooting reflex, the sucking reflex. The grasping reflex is when babies grab any object, the rooting reflex is when babies scream to get attention for something that they might need, and the sucking reflex is when babies put things in their mouths. Temperament is how an baby expresses their needs and emotions the three typical patterns seen in babies