XLD agar Essays

E. Discussion: In order to synthesize the polymer, Nylon 6,10, we had to complete a few steps to create the chemical reaction that combined sebacoyl chloride and hexamethylenediamine. First we measured the mass of the two graduated cylinders when they were empty, and measured it again after they were filled with sebacoyl chloride and hexamethylenediamine. We did this in order to find the measurements of the reactants. When we measured the graduated cylinder when they were emptied, one weighed at

phenospecies test (morphology and biochemistry), based on the protocol of SNI 7303 (2009), plus one control isolate the A. hydrophila ATCC 7699 obtained from Microbiologic Co. Figure 1. The Isolate of A. hydrophila ATCC 7699 Grown on the Rimler-Shoots Agar Medium + Antibiotic Novobiocin at 37C for 24 Hours 3.2 The

Bacillus thuringiensis was isolated from raw milk (Taif, KSA) on nutrient agar at 37oC for overnight. The supernatant of the bacterial isolate was screened for synthesis of AgNPs. The bacterial isolate was morphologically and biochemically characterized according to Bergy’s Manual of Systemic Bacteriology[21]. Also, this bacterial isolate was further identified by 16S rRNA sequencing. The culture was maintained on a nutrient agar plate/slants at 4°C and as glycerol stocks 40% at −70°C. Preparation of

selecting specific bacteria, I looked for the best combination of variation and choosing across all five of my plates for both agars. Through using morphological observation I was able to determine different bacteria such as colonies that are irregular and circular continuing with variations of elevations and edges. Also, the use of solid cultures such as the use of agar is rewarding because the bacteria will not move creating the ability to have many colonies on the plate while still being isolated

phosphate to ammonia and ammonium hydroxide, which then use to alkalinize the agar. At pH 7.5 or higher, the agar will turn blue. EMB coliform Eosin Methylene Blue Agar is a selective medium because it contains dyes eosin Y and methylene blue, which can inhibit the growth of Gram-positive organisms. Since the unknown bacteria is gram negative, the test is successful as the unknown bacteria grown colonies on the EMB Agar. EMB test is also a differential test because it contains lactose, which encourages

petri dishes were obtained air and skin. The air petri dish lid was left open so airborne bacteria could land in the petri dish. The skin petri dish was divided into four sections for each lab member. We each pressed our fingerprints into the correct agar section to capture bacteria from our skin (Holbrook and Leicht, 2017).

Chemistry Exploration Topic: determining the activation energy of a chemical reaction Research Question: What effect does temperature of the chemical reaction have on the activation energy ? ICT: Microsoft Word Autograph Microsoft Excel Introduction This experiment is designed to help in estimating the activation energy of the rate-limiting step in the acid catalyzed reaction of acetone with iodine. This is achieved by measuring the reaction rates at different reaction temperatures over

different concentrations) This experiment was performed by two groups using antibiotics Amoxicillin and Vancomycin by each group. Vancomycin data were collected by our group. After the incubation period of the diluted tubes containing antibiotic Vancomycin against S. epidermidis, the results were obtained as below, Tubes: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 (Image 1 indicates the visual growth of S. epidermidis

.4 Agar Disk Diffusion The antimicrobial tests were carried out according to disc diffusion tests (Lennette et al., 1985, Kim et al., 1995). Cells were streaked on MHA agar plate to obtain colonies at 37°C for 16 hrs after which they were resuspended in sterile saline solution to give an O.D of 0.1 at 600nm. On solidified 2% MHA plate, the bacterial culture is swabbed and sterile disc impression was made, 10 µl plant extracts was loaded on the agar plate. After 10 minutes the plate is incubated

10x, 20x, 30x, 50x,75x and 100x MIC to each well in 12-well plate. Colony counts (CFU/ml) were determined at different time points (T0, T3, T24) by using appropriate dilutions of each culture. Using spot-plating method (32) 10µl was spotted on LB agar plates. However after 24 hour exposure the bacterial cell from dilutions of ≤ 1x102 were washed twice with sterile PBS prior to plating in triplicate. These were then incubated overnight at 37°C. The experiment for each different density was repeated

streak plate technique to isolate separate colonies. We used a nutrient and MacConkey agar plate to begin. We used both agars because the nutrient agar allows us to grow the largest number of different types of microbes, yet not all bacteria can grow because it is rich with beef broth and some yeast extracts. McConkey agar only allows gram negative bacteria to grow while inhibiting gram positive bacteria. This agar also contains a pH indicator which allows us to detect if fermentation occurred. The

Materials and Methods The animal experimental procedure was approved by Ethical committee of ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bangalore, India. Incubation and in ovo treatment A total of 200 uniform sized eggs (Cobb broiler) were procured from commercial hatchery and incubated with the dry bulb temperature ranging from 99 - 100°F and wet bulb temperature of 85-87°F from day 1 to 18. On day 18, all infertile eggs were removed and the fertile eggs were divided into 3

We took 2 Petri plates containing L-agar and spread 50µl from dilutions 〖10〗^(-3) and 〖10〗^(-5) respectively on L-agar plates by using spreader and incubated them at 37°C for 24 hours. After 24 hours incubation, we selected isolated colony and streak it on L-agar containingPetri plates to purify it. After 24 hours incubation, we got our purified colony, now we checked either it is nitrogen fixing

Yeast extract in the agar supply sources of nitrogen, carbon, and vitamin for the metabolism of organisms. Xylose, Lactose, and Sucrose acts as the fermentable carbohydrate sources. Sodium Deoxycholate acts as the selective agent while Sodium Chloride provides buffering capacity. Phenol red is used as the indicator. The selective agents in the agar such as Sodium Thiosulfate and Ferric Ammonium Citrate support visualization of hydrogen

GAIRANOD, Princess Jeanne R. BS Biology, 2011 – 37638 Synthesis Paper: Shigella flexneri The genus Shigella includes four different species – Shigella boydii, Shigella dysenteriae, Shigella sonnei, and Shigella flexneri. Several serotypes occur for each species based on O - antigen variations (Jennison & Verma, 2004; Morona, et al., 1995). Members of the genus are gram-negative, highly infective facultative intracellular pathogens, recognized as etiological agents of bacillary dysentery (shigellosis)

urea negative. They are methyl red, Simmons citate and H2S producing positive. Salmonella suspect colonies grow as red colonies with a black center in Xylose Lysine Deoxycholate (XLD) agar. Red slant (alkaline) and yellow butt (acid) with H2S production is another characteristic of Salmonella in Triple Sugar Iron (TSI) agar (Quinn et. al., 1994). On the other hand, serology or serotyping is based on the characterization of the somatic (O), flagellar (H), and envelope (V)