Furthermore, not until in 1943, when Leo Kanner published his paper ‘Autistic Disturbance of Affective Contact’ were people identified and recognised with a similar definition of what we consider autism to be today [2]. However, for many years Autism Spectrum Disorder was included under the umbrella term of schizophrenia and beforehand they were classified as simply having mental retardation [3]. Consequently, throughout
The etiology of autism has been debated over many years since its discovery by Kanner and Asperger in the 1940s (). The theories of the physical abnormalities in the brain shape and structure, biochemical imbalance of neurotransmitter, and the genetic predisposition or vulnerability have been attributed as potential causes that lead to this condition in children. Thus, it appears there are multiple factors that contribute to its development in a child (Autism Society, 2015). Appropriate treatment of ASD should consist of thorough assessment to identify the strengths and needs of the children. The diagnosis is determined after systematic interviewing, observation, and assessment of the child 's communication, social interaction, behavior, and
At the same time that an autistic person does not speak a word, another speaks perfectly. ASD include symptoms in social communication, behavior, flexibility, and sensory sensitivity and there are three levels: requiring support, requiring substantial support and requiring very substantial support. The first level, as Asperger Syndrome, consists in deficits in social communication, for example, people who speaks normally when in a social event fail in conversations, and inflexible behavior; the second comprises verbal and nonverbal deficits in social communication, limited vocabulary and inflexible/repetitive behaviors; third level, severe verbal and nonverbal deficits in social communication, quite limited vocabulary and extremely inflexible/repetitive behaviors. These characteristics are not the sole basis of autism, as it also includes resistance to change, little or no eye contact, attachment to objects, resistance to physical contact, occasionally aggressive, turns objects peculiarly, extreme agitation, crying crises, disinterest, among
Introduction: "How many of you have spoke your first word before kindergarten?" "Or did you learn how to read and write at an early age?" Some children have a hard time communicating to express their needs. Others might have trouble with certain skills such as daily living skills ranging from doing laundry and cleaning the house to dressing themselves. Most children are struggling academically in several subjects such as writing, mathematics, reading, art, and so on. Also, some children are very sensitive to certain things around them such as enormous crowds and lights
Autism Spectrum Disorder is a brain-based developmental disorder that involves multiple abnormal perceptual, cognitive, linguistic and social behaviors. With rates of Autism Spectrum Disorder rising, it is important that we improve our understanding of the causes of the disorder and become more culturally aware and sensitive to screening for the disorder in order to find effective interventions. Understanding of the current clinical picture, etiology and treatment of ASD will be discussed.
Autism is a brain development disorder characterized by continuous problems in social communication and interaction, besides with restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior, interests or activities. ASD stands for Autism Spectrum Disorder and can sometimes be referred to as Autistic Spectrum Disorder. As stated by the Medical News Today (2015), Autism Spectrum Disorder is a wide-spectrum disorder. This means that there will be no same people who will have the exact and same symptoms. And as well as experiencing altering combinations of symptoms, because some people will have mild symptoms while others will have severe ones. With the word spectrum, people with autism spectrum disorder may have challenges that may run the range from mild to severe, with different levels of ability and disability.
The three distinctive behaviours of Autism are: Repetitive behaviours, problems with verbal and nonverbal communication and social interaction. When parents realize that their child has autism they should be emotionally strong. Being consistent in your child’s learning environment is very key to reinforce learning. Also they should be able to find non-verbal ways to communicate with their child. You just have to learn their language of communication. Human beings with autism have said that the world, to them, appears to be a mass of events, people and places which they contend to make sense of, and which can cause them considerable anxiety. To be specific relating and understanding to other people, and taking part in everyday social life and family may be a bit challenging for them. Other people appear to know, intuitively, how to communicate and interact with each other, and some people with autism may wonder why they are different. People with autism have challenges with both non-verbal and verbal language. Many of them have a literal understanding of language, and think people always mean exactly what they say. They find it often too difficult to understand: common phrases and saying, jokes and sarcasm and facial expressions or tone of voice. There are standard healthcare services designed to maintain the health and well-being of individuals with autism. They comprise of a wide range of treatments and therapies which are accepted and used by the majority of health care professionals. Service-based interventions include interventions supporting people with autism in education, employment and social care
When we think of someone with autism we often times can’t describe this person or have trouble finding the right words to describe them. That is because autism defined by autismspeaks.org is, “ a broad range of conditions characterized by challenges with social skills, repetitive behaviors, speech and nonverbal communication, as well as by unique strengths and differences.” Which means that every autistic person is different in their own special way.
In the release of the DSM-5, autism and autism spectrum disorder fall under the same category to be diagnosed as ASD (What is). A person who has autism could have the signs and symptoms such as lack of interest with others, preoccupation with a specific topic of interest, a strong need for sameness and routines, sensory problems, uneven cognitive abilities etc. These symptoms and signs vary widely between every individual. Individuals with autism can share the same diagnosis but can be different when it comes to the abilities and behavioral tendencies. Ten percent of autistic people can have a special skill called a “savant” skill where they excel in areas such as mathematics, have feats of memory, and artistic and musical abilities (Autism). The causes of autism is unknown, but some research within the past few years have shown that some rare gene mutations of changes can be associated with autism. Some research can conclude that the risk of autism can be increased due to environmental stress (What
Autism is the struggle to develop social abilities, languages, and other communication skills that are usual to others. In my eyes, I
Autism is a spectrum disorder that results in varying levels of severity. This means that autism is actually an umbrella term that is used to describe symptoms that can be found among the three major disorder types: autism, Asperger's syndrome and Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD). Therefore, every autistic student has individualized symptoms and conditions. Autism effects a student's social, behavior and language skills. First, the child may exhibit strange facial expressions or body language. They may have a lack of common interests and be unable to engage in social interaction. They struggle to understand people's feelings and make friends. Second, they may experience
The symptoms of autistic disorder (often referred to as autism) includes a failure to develop a normal social relation with other people, impaired development of communicative ability, and the presence of repetitive stereotype behavior (Carlson 2013). The neurodevelopmental disorder that I select is autism. Many parents around the world are suffering and struggling with their kids. Most of those kids are nonverbal, and unable to communicate. Many Parents find it difficult to help control their kids’ tantrums. The kids have difficulty eating, sleeping, interacting with peers. It hard to say that Autism is for life I can’t imagine having a child with autism. Working with Autism and learning so much about it is gift. Autism is a disorder that produce repetitive behavior in a child and affects ability to socialize with others, and decreases their ability to communicate. Maino, Viola, & Donati, 2009). Stated that, Autism is a
Bipolar and Autism are two different types of disorders that often get mixed up with each other. They also tend to have the same type of treatments for each disorder. Autism symptoms are the same as bipolar symptoms, but they are also different. If someone is bipolar, then the probability of him or her being autistic is greatly increased. The difficulty in treating these disorders are different from each other, because if the “manic episodes” of a person who is diagnosed with bipolar.
There are many common diseases that modify the functions of the human body. Neurological diseases, for example, could affect anyone at any time. The worst kinds of neurological diseases are those which can affect the functions of the human brain. A well-known example is autism, and it has become a widespread disease among children. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 1 of every 68 children in the U.S would have autism spectrum disorder; moreover, the study shows that 1 in 42 boys and 1 in 189 girls would have autism spectrum disorder (1). Autism is a disorder in the nerves that makes the human brain socially inactive, and in order to understand it, several main aspects must be considered.
Goike, J. (2007, June 22), Autism from a Personal Perspective: A True Story of Beating the Odds and Winning, Retrieved from http://www.beachcenter.org/research/fullarticles/pdf/pbs19_blueprint_for_schoolwide_pbs8_07.pdf