Magnesium Oxide: Percent Composition and Empirical Formula Lab Report Andjela Mandic 10/28/14 Period 1 Purpose The purpose of this lab was to find the percent composition as well as the empirical formula of magnesium oxide. Data Mass Description Trial 1 (Emily’s Group) Trial 2 (Tom’s Group) Trial 3 (Sara’s Group) Mass of crucible, cover, & magnesium 38.8g 38.80g 37.446g Mass of crucible & cover 38.4g 33.52g 37.156g Mass of magnesium 0.34g 0.289g 0.29g Mass of crucible, cover, & magnesium oxide 37.518g 33.92g 37.640g Mass of magnesium oxide 0.441g 0.44g 0.484g Mass of combined oxygen 0.156g 0.16g 0.194g *Ignition failed, so all data was taken from groups for which ignition occured. Observations: The magnesium ribbon was a thin, malleable, metal …show more content…
Firing to Red Heat - the process of putting a substance in a crucible and heating it until it glows red. c. Heating to Constant Mass - the action of heating a substance until the mass remains constant. d. Molecular Formula - the true formula of a compound, a multiple of the empirical formula e. Massing by Difference - An indirect manner of finding the mass of a substance, through finding the difference between a container and the container holding the substance Crucible tongs are used to pick up crucibles after heating and before massing because the crucible is typically too too hot to handle with hands. The suggested times for heating and cooling are very important in order for there to be no error in calculation when handling the metal. Water is added to the crucible in order to neutralize the magnesium nitride that was subsequently produced through heating. The magnesium has completely reacted when sparks stop being produced. Two more sources of error include not allowing for proper cooling and heating times, and not adding water after the magnesium’s first heating. Post Lab Questions: 2Mg + O2 →2MgO 0.29gMg 1molMg24.312molMgO2molMg100= 4.40molMgO ←theoretical yield 2Mg + O2 → 2MgO →2/24 =
Then more roasting occurred when the crucible was placed into a ceramic triangle for the Bunsen burner to continue its burning for an additional 90 minutes. Once the burning was officially over, the crucible was placed onto a ceramic tile to cool off. Next the charcoal and copper material were poured onto a paper towel and were separated from carefully distinguishing them one from the other. Then comparisons were down through analysis of the copper (II) oxide smelted.
Calculation: Initial Mass(g)-Final Mass (g)=Change in Mass (g) Trial 1 74.5-62.0=12.5(g) Trial 2 272.7-271.5=1.2(g) Percent Error: 272.7-271.5 x 100 272.7 =0.440% Percent Change: 74.5-62.0 x 100 74.5 (Trial 1) =16.778% 272.7-271.5 x 100 272.7 (Trial 2) =0.440%
Flame Tests of the Elements Lab 1. According to your observations, which metal ion is present in your unknown samples? Explain your rationale.
First, you place the bunsen burner on the ring stand and tightly place the metal ring and place the clay triangle on it. Before placing the crucible on the ring you must put baking soda in the crucible, and place it on the ring stand. Then with safety precautions light the bunsen burner with the matches provided. In our first experiment we first started with 1.04 grams of NaHCO3 and ended with .60 g Na2CO3. In the second experiment we started with 3.2 g NaHCO3 and had a result of 2.0 grams
A crucible is a metal container with a high temperature known to melt substances, but it is also defined as a severe test or trial. The Salem witch trials took place between 1692 and 1693, during this time a tremendous amount of people had been accused, executed, and prosecuted. The reason for these prosecutions was witchcraft. Many had been convicted of practicing the Devil’s magic. Young girls had been screaming, barking like animals, and dancing in the woods.
This also applies to the photography cameras. Magnesium is also used in many forms of transport to make it more better. They are now used in jet engine parts, aircraft fuselage and car wheels mainly because of their light weight.
During “The Crucible” many characters are brought through the courts because of accusations of witchcraft or working with the devil. The word crucible is used to define a pot able to withstand great temperatures, giving it the ability to melt down tough metals such as iron and steel. The word crucible is also used to describe a severe test or trial. The title “The Crucible” is a metaphor to explain the way the courts went about their trials. During the Salem Witch Trials, when people were accused of witchcraft, the main goal of the courts was to get a confession from the accused.
Chemical compounds that are available to determine are CaCO3, CaCl2, Ca(NO3)2, mgCl2, MgSO4, KCl, HCl, HC2H3O2, KNO3, K2SO4, NaC2H3O2, Na2CO3, NaCl, Na2SO4, HNO3, H2SO4, HNO3, H2SO4, NH4Cl, (NH4)2SO4, K2CO3, 0.1 M AgNO3, 0.2 M BaCl, Mg(s), NaOH, and KOH. To start this experiment, start with the flame test by gathering a Bunsen burner and a Nichrome wire. Connect the Bunsen burner with a rubber tube to a laboratory gas. To prepare solutions for the flame test, weigh out 0.205 gram of Unknown Compound using an analytical balance and mixed it into a 140 mL beaker filled with 20 mL ionized water. Ensure that solid is completely dissolved using a stirring rod.
Why Was It Named The Crucible? A crucible is defined as “a pot in which metals or other substances are heated or a difficult test or challenge,” according to Merriam Webster. As a result of this definition, Arthur Miller decided to name his popular play The Crucible. His drama was about the Salem Witch Trials in 1692.
- A hydrate is a salt that contains water as a part of its crystal structure. The hydrate used in this lab was Copper (ll) Sulfate Pentahydrate. To heat the hydrate in this lab a crucible is needed. A crucible is a heat resistant container used to heat things to high temperatures. In this lab a mole was used to determine the measurements of all substances.
Many words have multiple meanings that can be drastically different from one another. These are called homonyms. One example of this is the word crucible. One meaning of crucible is a pot that can endure great heat and is used to melt metals. Another definition is that it is used to describe a severe test or a difficult trial.
The discoverer was Sir Humphrey Davy. Magnesium is used in airplanes, and missiles. Magnesium is a silvery-white metal that ignites easily in air and burns with a bright light. As magnesium ignites easily in air and burns with a bright
Verna Wang Hannah Palmer CHEM 101-069 Lab 11-19-16 Stoichiometry and Limiting Reagents Lab Report Purpose: We are using the reaction of sodium hydroxide and calcium chloride to illustrate stoichiometry by demonstrating proportions needed to cause a reaction to take place. Background: Just like a recipe would call for a specific amount of one ingredient to a specific amount of another, stoichiometry is the same exact method for calculating moles in a chemical reaction. Sometimes, we may not have enough of or too much of one ingredient , which would be defined as limiting and excess reagent, respectively.
Empirical Formula of Magnesium Oxide - Lab Report Background Information/Introduction: The aim of this lab is to determine the empirical formula of magnesium oxide by converting magnesium to magnesium oxide. As an alkali earth metal, magnesium reacts violently when heated with oxygen to produce magnesium oxide and magnesium nitride as a byproduct. In order to obtain only magnesium oxide, distilled water was added so that magnesium nitride will react and convert to magnesium hydroxide. Further heating then oxidizes all of the magnesium into magnesium oxide.
IV. Data and observations Mass of beaker (g) 174.01 Mass of beaker + NaOH pellets (g) 174.54 Mass of NaOH pellets 0.53 TRIAL 1 TRIAL 2 Mass of potassium acid phtalate (KHP) (g) 0.15 0.15 final buret reading (ml) 30.75