Table 4.1b: Summary of instantaneous and Compound Growth rate for Palm Oil in Nigeria (Pre-SAP, SAP, and Post –SAP periods) Period Year Instantaneous Growth rate Compound Growth rate Pre-SAP 1970 - 1985 0.70 0.70 SAP 1986 - 1994 -0.20 -0.20 Post -SAP 1995 - 2013 -1.50 -1.51 All Period 1970 - 2013 0.70 0.70 The compound growth rates for output of palm oil in the Pre -SAP, SAP and the Post -SAP were 0.70%, -0.20% and -1.51%, respectively. This implies a relatively slow process of growth in output of palm oil particularly during the period 1970 - 1985. However during the SAP and Post -SAP period the result indicates a decline in output for 1986-1994 and 1995 - 2013.. This calls for concerted effort to reverse the process of decline to increase the process of growth in output. The process of decline in output could be reversed through expansion of area devoted to palm oil production by making use of land that is put to fallow. It was observed that the compound growth rate of palm oil output in …show more content…
For instance, outputs of groundnut, cocoa and coffee indicated an improved growth rate compared to the previous policy period. Contrarily Cotton, Rubber and palm Oil output growth rates deteriorated during this period., but their findings is at variance with result from the Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP) period (1986-1993), where some cash crops production (cotton, groundnut, cocoa, rubber and Oil palm) witness improved positive growth rate compared to the immediate previous policy period. Despite this result, coffee output had a negative growth rate during this period with the outputs of cotton (38.7%) and Rubber (35.7%) highly unstable. However palm oil (6.6%) exhibited minimal instability compared to other cash crop during this
Also, in document F it says that low prices paid to farmers result in low productivity and poverty in farming communities. Farmers use out-dated farming methods and lack resources to invest in fertilizers or in replacing ageing trees past their peak productivity. It also says that cocoa farmers are often illiterate and that they use outdated methods to farm cocoa trees, so they might be putting more work on themselves. As seen by the evidence, growing cocoa is bad for Côte d’Ivoire because they only get 5% back of each chocolate bar that is bought, but they do 100% of the work. The manufactures get 40% and the retailers get 35%
In her collection of short stories, Moths and Other Short Stories, Helena Maria Viramontes elaborates on the importance machismo has on struggles of Chicano women in their daily lives. In the short story, “Growing”, Naomi is faced with the struggle of growing up in a “machista” household where transitioning to womanhood means to forgo any trace of childhood. In another short story, “Birthday”, Alice is faced with the struggle of an unwanted pregnancy and a decision to terminate the pregnancy. Through the use of plot and diction, both of Viramontes’s short stories “Growing” and “Birthday” illustrate the influence machismo has on the norms and gender roles of women to grow up and bear children, in order to emphasize the characters breaking through
Introduction and Thesis Competition exists between the Mexican Palm Tree and Coast Live Oak at the Arroyo Seco Watershed. Competition is the interaction between two organisms or species where the fitness by one is lowered by the presence of the other. Due to Coast Live Oak and the Mexican Palm Tree having such a limited space and water supply, they compete with one another. The Palm Tree adapts through its high growth rate, while having a higher height than the coast live oak and by being drought tolerant. The Coast Live Oak adapts to the competition by having a specialized root system allowing it to collect moisture through the different layers of soil.
Although his tone is persuasive and formal, he is straightforward with the tragic events he describes that take place in the underdeveloped countries. Throughout the essay, he makes a connection with his audience. In the beginning of the essay, he directly gets to the problem that he wants to discuss and establishes the message he wants to pass to his readers through his thesis statement. He presents a logical argument with the numerical data, along with dates and numbers that strongly support his claim of a global food problem. By referencing to recent events such as the “World Food Crisis” article of 2008 and the review of “environmental performance of agriculture”, that was published in 2008, he alerts readers that what he is discussing is currently happening, and is going to be a much larger impact on the world in the future.
Read your food and beauty product labels carefully, and avoid this ingredient. Teach Your Children, Teach kids about the importance of rainforests to the health of our planet. Empower them to make responsible choices. Help them make the connection between choosing foods without palm oil or conserving fossil fuels and protecting the rainforests. Reduce Your Consumption of Fossil Fuels,Oil extraction in the Amazon has increased dramatically with sometimes devastating social and environmental consequences.
Corn, potatoes, and chocolate are all important crops that originated in Latin America. These crops spread throughout the world and are important economically and for use as food. How domestic corn was developed Corn was derived from its ancestor teosinte, a wild grass which grows in parts of Central America and Mexico. Teosinte is different than corn in a number of ways.
It does not help farmers sell more when consumers incomes go up since the supply and demand for food are unaffected when the price of food changes. When price goes up, consumers’ buying food stay about the same, and when the price goes down, consumers’ buying food also remain unchanged. 3. Give 3 different causes of productivity enhancements that have led to increasing supply of agricultural products.
Government can make an effort towards providing education and training in modern farming of cocoa to improve production. The government could rise prices and set a regulatory and standard prices for the product to help the farmers gain greater incentive to continue
They are spending on average over $300 dollars more a week on food. A Country’s crops all depend on geography and climate. Tropical climates do not have a wide variety of resources, for example, Papua New Guinea have Sago trees as their number one most farmed crop because their climate was wet and This puts Papua New Guinea at a disadvantage because Sago could only be stored for short periods of time. It was low in protein and
Evidence from a Field Experiment in West Africa PC Vicente - Economic Journal
Processing of Findings: My hypothesis stated that the microwaved tap water causes the least plant growth. Having conducted the above experiment by watering 2 seedlings with normal tap water and 2 seedlings with microwaved tap water to conclude the original hypothesis. Plant A:
Haitian coffee export quantum has steadily declined from 35,000 tons per year a century ago to less than 20,000 tons per year in the late 1970s and 1980s. Exports increased by 13 percent in 1988 in response to the removal of the export tax. However, they have since declined due to damage from Hurricane Gilbert, rust disease, and other factors. (Weinstein and Segal 87) These data patently showed that Haiti as a well famous coffee exported country and its local people have a large demand to drink it, will very care about the quantity and quality of production.
This graph shown below shows the oils production in 2015-2019 the production oil is reduced and by 2035-2050 the oil produced barrel per year is reduced from 60 billion barrels years to 10 billion barrels be year in
By referring to Figure 1 on page 9, one can see the dramatic drop off of oil production in around 2003. Even now, in 2016, the amount of oil being exported has not risen completely back to
The production increment depends on a long time on an expansion of the planted areas. Limited forest and land availability impose a threat to promote increased cocoa cultivation whilst maintaining the current areas. Thus, the effectiveness of cocoa cultivation becomes a key factor to stabilise the areas planted when cocoa is in competition with other crops. The rising incomes in emerging markets such as China and India. Thanks to steadily rising incomes in these countries, chocolate has gone from being a rare luxury to an affordable treat and now it is becoming an everyday habit.