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Kenya Using Conceptual Metaphor Theory Analysis

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This article deals with language use. It examines the conceptualization of terms relating to bribes and bribery in Kenya using conceptual metaphor theory (CMT). The giving of bribes is a form of corruption which is a big problem in many countries where the rule of law has failed. Gbenga (2007) posits that corruption has affected many developing countries, especially in Africa, causing the continent to be the most corrupt in the world. Kenya, a country in East Africa, has always performed poorly in Corruption Perception Index (CPI) surveys conducted by Transparency International. In the latest CPI 2016 survey, Kenya was listed at 145 out of 176 countries, making it one of the most corrupt countries in the world (Transparency International, 2017). …show more content…

It is argued that establishments like the judicially and the police, which were designed for the regulation of the relationships between citizens and the State, are being used instead for the individual improvement of public service workers (politicians and bureaucrats) and other corrupt private proxies (individuals, groups, and businesses). Notwithstanding the feeble efforts being put to fight corruption in Kenya, it still persists because there are people in authority and individuals who gain from it and the existing administrative establishments lack both the motivation and capacity to stop them from doing so. According to Mutula, et al. (2013), Kivuva (2011), Akech (2011), Kirui and Murkomen (2011), Amutabi (2009) and Kiai (2008), the problem of corruption in Kenya is linked to having very weak constitutional structures, deeply entrenched ethnocentrism, and ineffective …show more content…

He concluded that corruption in Kenya is influenced by factors such as gender, race, ethnicity, religion, employment status, and education; however, age, religion, and location did not significantly influence corruption. He concluded that some individuals may be born or bred to bribe. This study analyzes terms relating to bribe and bribery in Kenya from a cognitive linguistics viewpoint using the conceptual metaphor theory (CMT) as first initiated by Lakoff & Johnson (1980), expounded by other linguists. As we know, a metaphor is an important approach to constitute euphemism, indirect discourse behavior and, argot; the former two expressing politeness while the later one with a sense of privacy. All of them function in strengthening social

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