Emile Durkheim And The Marxist Theory Of Karl Marx

He also believed that Enlightenment could be instrumental for intellectual development, as data and logistics gave humanity a scientific touch. Karl Marx, a well-known sociologist and economist was keen on social welfare and initiated the socialist, Marxist movement which helped the poor and the underprivileged. Darwinism also rose during this period of time and it contradicted the ideas of Karl Marx as Charles Darwin’s theory was based on the fact that evolution took place due to the “survival of the fittest”. Some of the great thinkers were influenced by the French Revolution. Few of them were Auguste Comte, Hebert Spencer, and Emile Durkheim.

Introduction Great thinkers, including Plato and Aristotle opened the doors to studying society; they based their thoughts on creating an “ideal society”. The science of Sociology was later developed in the early 19th century by Auguste Comte, who coined the word “Sociology”. He began to study society, using “critical thinking”. Comte believed that only by really understanding society could we begin to change it. In this Essay I will compare and contrast two major theoretical perspectives in Sociology.

Comparison of Marx and Weber for their approach about state and society: Max Weber is one of the philosophers able to explain economic systems such as capitalism. He was born in Germany in 1864 at that time there were a dramatic change in Germany in terms of industrial so there were a transitional German period and that influenced by those changes happened. Max Weber has a specific ideology about state and society. In constant, Karl Marx was a sociologist who were born in Germany in 1818, his idea and ideology about state and society are revolutionary. In addition, he was influenced by Communist party and he worked as a journalist he wrote a number of books and articles about capitalism, state, and society.

There are many aspects of the French Revolution, from the politics of the bourgeoisie and the Third Estate in opposition to King Louis the XVI to the Haitian Revolution and its effects on France in terms of their economy and government with abolitionists. George Rudé’s article “The Bread Riots of May 1775 in Paris and the Paris Region” gives a social and economic history of the working class in smaller towns and how politics, social construction, and economic pricing affects and mirrors future anarchical events of the French Revolution. The cultural history article, ““Ça Ira” and the Birth of the Revolutionary Song,” by Laura Mason shows how politics and social understandings evolved over the course of the late 1780s to the 1790s through cultural phenomena in music and plays. Last but not least, the gendered history article, “The Many Bodies of Marie Antoinette: Political Pornography and the Problem of the Feminine in the French Revolution,” by Lynn Hunt explores new ways of looking at history and the political influences behind such circumstances. The article discusses more than just Marie Antoinette, but also the exploitation of her body as a ploy for women to stay within the private sphere, and the actions of both men and women during her rule as queen.

One’s personal situation is linked to current history and the society they live in. The correlation between the two is called sociological imagination created by American sociologist C. Wright Mills in his essay, Sociological Imagination. In clarity, “neither the life of an individual nor the history of a society can be understood without understanding both” (Mills 1). In order to develop such skills, you must be able to free yourself from one context and look at things in a different point of view. He argued that one of the main tasks of sociology was to transform personal problems into public and political issues or vice versa.

The concept of communism sprung up during the age of the Enlightenment particularly in the form of French philosophies. In 1762 Jean-Jacques Rousseau published The Social Contract, which put forth the idea that collective rulership by the people was a superior form of government than entrusting one 's fate to a monarch. Essentially, Marx studied the works and writings of these socialist figures of the revolution, such as Etienne Cabet, Charles Fourier, and Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, and from that elicited a theory that he molded and shaped to near completion. A theory that shaped the forms of some governments today. Overall, Karl Marx was a very important man in our world’s history.

Marxism Vs Functionalism Inroduction: This essay will discuss the Marxist and Functionalist approaches to education. The essay will likewise examine the two main concepts of sociology and the education system. The way in which Marxists and Functionalists compare education is important within society. The structure and processes of education systems are related to the general process of socialization (Markedbyteachers, 2014). Socialization is how an individual participates in society.

It was first used by the French economist Jacques Claudes Marie Vincent de Gournay. In order to study the origins and nature of the expansion of bureaucratic organization, weber constructed an ideal type of Bureaucracy. Ideal refers to the pure form of bureaucratic organization. Weber explained bureaucracy by laying and explaining its characteristics in modern society; • An organization has a clear cut hierarchy of authority; a chain of command. They have laid down specific roles and responsibilities which have to be fulfilled.

In the nineteenth century modern science, which is based on scientific methods, took the place of the appeals to divine and religions. The rapid social change and the great success of natural scientific approaches encouraged people to explore the social world with more systematic, rational and empirical methods which results in the emergency of social science (Benton and Craib, 2001:22). Due to the lack of formalized rules for studying societies, sociologists developed a series of principles for research which could help them explore different social phenomena (Bilton et al, 2002:444). Emile Durkheim, whose conception of sociology was one of the earliest attempts to explain how the society could be studied scientifically, set out his methodological

Karl Marx Marx’s theory of social change is entwined with his idea of social classes and class conflicts. Marx believed that the class struggle forced social change. Marx’s theory is based on a class system