The Skeletal System

The adult human skeletal system consists of 206 bones, as well as a network of tendons, ligaments and cartilage that connects them. The skeletal system performs vital functions; support, movement, protection, blood cell production, calcium storage and endocrine regulation that enable us to survive. Below are more details on the exact role the skeletal system has on; protection, shape, support, movement and blood production:

Bone is covered with a living membrane called the periosteum this contains bone-forming cells, the osteoblasts. The centre of bone contains marrow. This where blood vessels, fat cells and tissue for manufacturing blood cells are all found. There are also four main shapes of bones. Flat for example the ribs, irregular for example the vertebrae, short for example the hand carpals, long for example the upper are humerus.

Of all the knee injuries, Runner’s knee, also known as Patella Femoral Syndrome or Anterior Knee Pain, is the pain under and around the kneecap. It is caused by a problem with the way the kneecap moves which places extra stress on the cartilage resulting in friction on the back of the knee. There are a number of causes which increase the forces and friction going through the kneecap that results to runner’s knee. Muscle tightness, muscle weakness, foot position, Q angle and also anatomy are some of the reasons why the patella stops from moving

Occasionally the arm rotates as the individual falls which drives the elbow out of the socket. Dislocations also occur as a result of

The wound can close by using the stitches but a skin will split and leave a scar to be gap. These scars are thin and crinkly [5]. Symptom can pass a person to another. People who have Ehlers-Danlos syndrome would have a skin symptoms. The symptoms of EDS can affect people to walk and movements of the body.

There are sixteen known ranks, Tirones being a new recruit and the lowest and Consul, the highest rank possible. A Munifex was the lowest rank for a legionary, or a Roman citizen in the army, and men of this rank were led by a Decanus in eight man groups called a tent party. Ten tent parties, eighty men, formed a Century, commanded by a Centurion. Six Centuries created a cohort with 480 men total (Alchin, Linda). Ten Cohorts combined with a calvary force, created a legion.

The protective cartilage on the ends of bones breaks down, causing pain, swelling and problems moving the joint. Bony growths can develop, and the area can become inflamed. The major symptoms are joint pain and stiffness. Some people can have swelling, tenderness and grating or crackling sound when moving (NHS,n.d). These are the symptoms Mohamed reported to the doctor.

There will often be swelling as the first symptom, have loose skin on the back of the bone (means there is small amount of swelling, might but noticed right away). There will be pain on the elbow and it can increase with direct pressure or bending the elbow. Typically people who obtain olecranon bursitis may have restricted movements due to the swelling. Typically if the bursitis is infected, the skin will become red and warm. If left untreated the infection can spread to other parts of the arm or move into the bloodstream which can cause serious

ANATOMY OF THE SPINE The vertebral column in an adult is composed of 33 bony vertebrae divided into five regions: 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 4 coccygeal. Significant flexibility is evidenced only at the level of the upper 25 vertebrae. In adult the 5 sacral vertebrae fuse together to form the sacrum, and later in adult life the 4 coccygeal vertebrae fuse together forming the coccyx. The lumbosacral angle is the angle formed at the junction of the long axes of the lumbar spinal vetebrae and the sacrum.

It also sends a nerve branch to control the thenar muscles of the thumb. The thenar muscles help move the thumb and let you touch the pad of the thumb to the tips each of each finger on the same hand, a motion called opposition. The median nerve occupies the palmar side of the hand that extends its branches in the thumb, index finger, middle finger, and half of the ring finger. The dorsal branches innervate the distal phalanges of the index finger, middle finger, and half ring finger. This nerve gives sensation to the thumb, index finger, long finger, and half of the ring finger.

The third type of genu recurvatum is non-rotatory deformity recurvatum where the ankle and foot are normal just the knee is hyperextended. This type of genu recurvatum produces stress to the posterior soft tissue of the knee (Credi, 2014). There are people who train to become hyperextended because of the advantage it gives them in certain sports. All though the process is dangerous, the athletes that usually train to get genu recurvatum are children

The Design of the Colosseum was constructed according to specific plans and dimensions. The Colosseum is an entirely free-standing structure, oval in shape, 615 ft long, 510 ft wide, 187 ft high and had a base area of 6 acres. The Roman architects and builders had to design the Colosseum to provide the biggest arena in the world capable of holding between 50,000 - 80,000 people. Just one series of games might last for 100 consecutive

They differed little from the popular Brownie cameras, the only technical difference being the introduction of a new doublet lens, allowing the same picture to be projected on a film plate over a shorter distance, making the Beau Brownies nearly 2" shorter than their conventional counterparts. Visually, they had a different enameled two-tone front plate in a geometric Art Deco design, the work of American designer Walter Dorwin Teague. They were available in five color combinations: black and burgundy, brown and tan, two-tone blue, two-tone green, and two-tone rose.

For example, it has skin instead of scales and a seahorse’s body is covered in bony plates. They also have horse--like heads. (McCosker 2016 and Roux 1980,1981). Seahorses have a large size range. The smallest seahorses are Pygmy Seahorses and are less than half an inch in length.

Some of those risks include: The effect on social lives, physical injuries, and delayed developement. These risks can cause temporary or permanent damage to the athletes body. Physical injuries can be very serious and can sometimes ruin an athletes career, physical injuries often occur because of intense athletic conditioning and over-reaching. Over-reaching happens when an athlete trains too t states "overtraing syndrome can result in an overuse injury which is defined as a microtraumatic damage to bone, muscle, or tendon due to repetitive stress without adequate time for recovery"(faigenbaum, pp3, paragraph 3). Injuries such as those can ultimately ruin the athletes career.