The Sorko not only dominated the river regarding trade but also, regarding military power. Sonni Ali (Songhai’s first imperial king ) and his forces conquered Timbuktu in 1468 then making Songhai power in the region. "Songhai and to achieve control of the Trans-Saharan trade routes. As was the case with some earlier Malian leaders, Sonni Ali valued original forms of religious practice beside Islam" (Empires of medieval West Africa). Songhai thrived for many years till it fell into unstableness because of unsuccessful emperors.
When talking about religion or spirituality in the novels, it is important to know what the word stands for itself. Religion in general, refers to any type of belief in and worship of a superhuman controlling power, especially a personal God or gods. Religion is a state of consciousness, an unquestionable commitment towards a super power that has control over all that’s been and all that is yet to come. Remarkably religion in both novels stands for the same thing but with a different methodology. Both Orwell and Huxley use religion as a tool of power, a tool that helps maintain the totalitarian regime at its most powerful state.
Prosperity theology: The False Hope During the 15th century, the Europeans who colonized Africa brought with them many forms of religion such as Christianity and Islam. Before the introduction of religion in Africa, other forms of spirituality existed across the entire continent. The superiority of the Europeans who colonized the continent showed in many aspects such as their language and religion. In present Ghana, Christianity is the most dominant religion followed by Islam. Religion has deeply been rooted in the nature of mankind since many centuries ago.
There was a another trade route which is went from Zawila to Bornu and Karem.This trade route make Karem to convert Islam in nineth century.This event were increased spreading of Islam in Bornu. In the fourteenth century there was a powerful kingdom named Mali in West Africa.Their belief was African Tradition Religon.One day successors of Mali kingdom Mansa Musa who expanded Muslim influence in Mali and Niger state-countries. To start with the Muslim conditions of Futa Jallon (current Guinea) and Futa Toro (southern Senegal) were set up. At that point the city states were vanquished one by one. This was expert by the Sokoto jihad under the authority of Usman dan Fodio - researcher, military strategist and religious pioneer.
With a population of approximately 30,000 as for 2017, Timbuktu was the product of African and Arabs architecture but is continuously being restored because the monuments today are under threat from desertification. Paragraph 1 Timbuktu was founded as a World Heritage Site in 1988. The criteria on UNESCO states why Timbuktu is a cultural World Heritage Site. Timbuktu is listed under 3 criterion, numbers 2, 4 and 6. Timbuktu falls into criterion 2 because the mosques and holy places of Timbuktu have played an essential role in the spread of Islam in Africa at an early period.
Amin needed Muslims as his support base because he came from a minority Kakwa tribe which could not offer him the required reinforcement against a steadily rising rebellion against him. The Ugandan Nubi are traced from migrants from southern Sudan who first served as mercenaries for the British colonial. They were recruited in the colonial army and played a key role in events that followed when for instance they allied with Selim bey in a failed attempt to reinstate a Muslim king in Buganda at the beginning of the twentieth century. The Nubian community thus lived much of the colonial and post-colonial era on the margins without much influence. However, their fortunes came when Idi Amin Dada, a kinsman took over the leadership of the country.
While religion has been kept aside or ignored in the practice of international relations, it has played such a big role in traditional and modern states since the beginning of time. In the west for example, religion represented a structure of social power and cultural authority that helped to integrate and effect policies and practices. According to Scot M. Thomas, religion was intended as part of the political mythology and freedom and now has emerged as a universal concept applicable to other cultures and civilizations. Religion has been defined in a comprehensive sense as the relation of man to that which man regards as holy. The system by which man recognizes the existence of a super human controller of the universe, the recognition of
GHANA INDEPENDENCE Ghana independence was very important for all the continent of Africa; this independence motivated others countries from Africa for had their independence. For Ghana was difficult achieved its independence but it doesn’t care and Ghana was the first Country on Africa to achieve its Independence. Characteristics. Ghana is a country of western of Africa situated on the coast of the Gulf of Guinea. Ghana takes its name from the great medieval that was located in the northwest of the modern-day state until its demise in the 13th century.
These categories include; have a holy book, had a prophet, believe in the Almighty God is personal, international recognition, and a comprehensive system of religious law (Intan, 2006) Researcher indicated that the reasons behind the use of these categories in defining religion influenced by pressure from groups that carry this dominant narrative in pushing its interests to the state. One group of dominant narrative bearers of the most vocal is the Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI). To understand more about the dynamics of the category of official religions and non-official religions in Indonesia, can be seen in table 1. On table 1, researcher describe the religions under three Government era, Orde Lama, Orde Lama and Orde
One can distinguish among these categories of holy people, they share an orientation away from worldly affairs, towards contemplation and self discipline. Thus, Phenomenology of religion tends to stress the sameness of certain structural features, providing the basis of how Hindu Yogi differs from Christian Monks. Since each religious tradition for instance has beliefs, cults and morals, phenomenology of religion sets out to make analytical description of these in religions and then tries to compare where they separate and converge in different religious