Pathophysiology Essay

This can turn into serious other complications which are, confusion, fatigue, seizures, becoming unconscious, and possibly even a coma. The second one I found would be myositis. This is when muscles become numb, or inflamed. This can lead to muscle weakness or not being able to walk. This will only last around 1 to 5 days and, impacts mostly children.

Patient has had progressive pain, numbness, and weakness in both lower extremities. He has had an epidural, physical therapy, and medications. It was reiterated that the patient has lost over 30 pounds. He has clear-cut instability as documented by the pars fracture and the spondylolisthesis, which is mobile on flexion/extension films.

Discussion Post Week Eleven NURS6551, N-6 As an advanced practice nurse (APN), one will evaluate many patients with musculoskeletal and endocrine conditions. Therefore, the clinician must be aware of subtle differences that occur in various diseases to ensure proper diagnosis and treatment. For the purpose of this week’s discussion, I will choose a case study and explain the likely diagnosis along with the differentials.

As per office notes dated 7/19/16, the patient complains of chronic low back pain at the localized curvature. There is radiating pain, which is increased since the fall. There is limited range of motion. Pain is exacerbated with walking, standing, and sitting. The patient had post lumbar surgery on August 2015.

Illnesses such as hypothyroidism, rheumatoid arthritis, and diabetes can cause the syndrome, as can pregnancy. Your best option if you have one of these illnesses, or something similar, is to consult your doctor and chiropractor in conjunction with each

He is weaning off his medications. CURES report was reviewed. The patient stated that pain is relieved by medications and aggravated by sitting and standing. Current meds included morphine, amlodipine, maxzide, ecotrin, halfprin, testosterone injection, Suboxone, Norco, dyazide and alprazolam. The exam revealed normal gait.

Unfortunately, there are no know cures to cease the progression of the additional bone formation. Treatment options are symptomatic and receptive, and customized to each individual to ensure a comfortable life. Researchers are working diligently to find a solution to terminate the bone progression without causing any additional iatrogenic harm to the patient.   Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva Disorder Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is an extremely rare disorder that will eventually turn people into a human statue over time.

There are two types of calcium deficiency. Dietary calcium deficiency is caused by inadequate calcium intake, which can lead to depleted calcium stores in the bones, thinning and weakening of the bones, osteopenia and osteoporosis. Hypocalcemia is a low level of calcium in the blood that can occur from taking medications, medical treatments or diseases, such as renal failure or rickets. Many published studies show that low calcium intake throughout life is associated with low bone mass and high fracture rates, in addition to hypertension and cardiac arrhythmias. Other associate signs and symptoms include muscle spasms, tingling,

• Blood and urine tests to check whether the levels of calcium and alkaline phosphatase are higher than normal. These substances may increase with abnormal bone growth. • Imaging studies, such as X-rays and bone scans. TREATMENT Treatment for this condition depends on symptoms and the area of the body that is affected. Treatment may not be needed if you do not have symptoms.

It radiates to the neck and upper back. Condition is associated with back pain and difficulty in ambulation. It is aggravated by bending over, lifting, prolonged sitting, prolonged standing and prolonged walking. Application of cold, application of heat, bending forward, medications and rest, relieve the pain. Medication side effects include nausea and vomiting.

It plays a primary role in calcium absorption and metabolism for bone health. The role of Vitamin D is extremely important because during pregnancy, bones develop fast, as well as the fact that skin pigment in women is much less than that of men’s (Grant and Holick). When a woman does not contain a sufficient amount of Vitamin D, the infant can be born with low birth weights and develop bone and other growth deformities. This reduces the risk of developing Multiple Sclerosis, or MS, as well as treating its symptoms (Grant and Holick).

Now most of the women in the USA, who were found to have any abnormalities with their bones were diagnosed as a patient of osteoporosis and were treated with a drug which had severe side effects and is not at all reliable when it comes to preventing fractures. In the report, it has been stated that an overwhelming number of American women who been diagnosed with weaker or thinner bones are being treated as a patient of osteoporosis. Whereas weakening of bones is a normal thing to happen after a certain age. Later on, Merck ran different commercial advertisements to promote their drug which is supposed to cure osteoporosis.

Some include: “Buffalo Hump, Headache, Muscle weakness, Puffiness of the face (moon face), Facial hair growth, Thinning and easy bruising of the skin, Slow wound healing, temporary blindness, blurred vision, and Loss of diabetes

However one mostly unknown side effect, and a very serious one at that, is venous thromboembolism. There are many studies which either discredit or prove that

The symptoms are reduced by taking medications, applying ice /heat compresses, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) unit and massaging. Physical examination is essentially unchanged. Spinal restrictions/subluxations are noted at T1-12 and L1-L5. Pain/Tenderness is noted over the upper to mid/mid to lower cervical, cervico-thoracic, upper/mid/lower thoracic, thoraco-lumbar, upper/lower lumbar and lumbo-sacral and left shoulder.