Influenza, “ has been described as the greatest medical holocaust in history” and may have killed as many people as the Black Plague”. This illness, (which originated from southeast asia) was obviously quite lethal, but nowadays we have an effective mean of defense, a vaccine, also known as the flu shot! Influenza is a virus that spreads in droplets caused by coughing or sneezing! It’s symptoms include fevers, chills, muscle aches, coughing, congestion, runny noses, headaches, and fatigue. If you notice that somebody has these symptoms don’t worry it’s not a life or death situation, however you might wanna stay away from them, it’ll save you a huge discomfort! During the 1918 flu pandemic, didn’t have a vaccine nor an efficient way of dealing with this virus, however nowadays we have a number of vaccines specialized in preventing the flu! Some are known as the Pandemrix …show more content…
At the time WW1 was raging on and because of this Sadie also recalls that, “it was eerie for a child to watch the constant stream of wagons going to the graveyard to bury the soldiers and those who had died from the flu.”(Cdc.gov, Sadie Afraid Of His Horses - Janis) She and her family called Influenza the,”Bad Sickness”.(Cdc.gov, Sadie Afraid Of His Horses - Janis) The future of Influenza is not as grand as it once was. Now, since we have a vaccine, Influenza will not prevail. However if it mutates into a more powerful virus, then and only then will we face a new problem, therefor giving Influenza a new
An epidemic in 1918 that left death and devastation in its wake escaped the consciousness of millions in the midst of World War I. Flu by Gina Kolata analyzed how the timing and unfamiliar characteristics of the flu during World War I had disastrous effects on nation’s war efforts. Kolata explains this by including written documents from soldiers and scientists during the time period and through research of her own. The author clarifies how the conditions during World War I were perfect for the spread of the Influenza and how this affected real military events from history. The search for the cure was a journey of serendipity and misery as the best scientists raced around the clock to understand the unique characteristics of the flu. She also
insufficient progress to date remains less than 50% been made in view of the increasing speed of the HCWs influenza vaccine. Medical workers have identified a number of barriers to vaccination. But eliminate this barrier, and effectively increase the support rates of the multi-faceted program inoculation any inoculation, this program is a recent phenomenon, it was widely. Medical authorities are now considering a mandatory influenza vaccination for health care providers (Sullivan,
This novel “Fever 1794” gave me the knowledge of the different perspectives of Philadelphia during the yellow fever outbreak. “Fever 1793” is a novel about a girl named Matilda and how she had to go through the deadly, depressing and horrible yellow fever outbreak, which affected her life in many different areas. Yellow fever was a disease that spread across Philadelphia in the late 1790s it was a deadly disease at that time because people didn't know the exact cause and the exact way to cure people who were diagnosed with it. For instance, Dr.Benjamin Rush who was a famous doctor at the time thought bleeding people by cutting a part on their arm so the bad infected blood would come out, many people thought that getting bled would cure them,
The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) and the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC) recommend for vaccinations to all health care workers annually against influenza. In my Oncology unit, with immunocompromised patients’ nurses mostly 85% of us are vaccinated for flu, but remaining is supposed to use the mask and when get illness with cold not allowed to take care of such patients. The reasons for not getting the vaccine is the myth that it does not work for them or for some of them believe they do not need. In 2014 to 2015, healthcare workers of 64.3% were immunized where as only 62.9% in 2013-2014. Even among the patients and family the facts about flu vaccine to be explained the flu vaccine cannot cause the flu but it is safe and protects against seasonal influenza viruses, (www.cdc.gov/,2015).
A renowned research group concluded last year that the public health community has been guilty of over-estimating vaccine effectiveness in order to encourage vaccination (Babcock, Gemeinhart, Jones, Dunagan, & Woeltje, 2010). According to the CDC (2015), effectiveness of the vaccine varies from year to year so there is no guarantee that nurses who receive the vaccination would be protected from the flu virus and therefore no protection of patient results from having the vaccination. A medical literature review in July, 2013, found vaccinated health-care workers had no measurable benefit on flu rates or the number of related complications of long-term-care residents (Weeks, 2014) . The Center for Disease Control and Prevention found the quality of evidence for reduced influenza death and total number of cases among patients to be moderate and low, respectively (Weeks,
The regulations put out by government ensured that the outbreak would come to an immediate halt, and if a new epidemic were to sweep through the states, it would be derailed. Another outbreak of influenza became prevalent in England in 1933. A doctor was able to isolate the disease and noticed how it spread. Lots of this was due to research from the Spanish Influenza, and the death toll was much lower. (Youngdahl)
In 1793 a fever infected Philadelphia that killed 10% of its population. The book Fever 1793 by Laurie Halse Anderson is a historical fiction from a young girl named Matilda’s perspective. The book is about her experience dealing with the Yellow fever epidemic in Philadelphia. She learned many lessons and one of them was that fear can control you. Some of the reasons fear can control you is how it can make you leave what you know, it can make you turn on people, and it can make you vulnerable.
Influenza season is here again so it is time for everybody to add getting a flu shot to their “to-do” list. It is recommended for everyone to get flu shot from ages 6 months and older (McCarthy 1). It is the obligation of healthcare works and their employers to promote influenza vaccinations to patients and is an annual requirement for the workers as well (Lynkowski 1). Winter season is time for healthcare workers to get in line, roll up their sleeves and consent to treatment for a flu shot. For the hospital, their goal is to get all employees vaccinated, especially those who have direct contact with patients which brings up a number of ethical issues arising from the attempts to implement mandatory flu shots (Dubov 2530).
•The influenza infection is extremely infectious: When a contaminated individual coughs, wheezes or talks, respiratory droplets are produced and transmitted into the air, and can then can be breathed in by someone close-by. •A person who touches something with the infection on it and afterward touches his or her mouth, eyes or nose can get to be contaminated. •An influenza pandemic, for example, the one in 1918, happens when a particularly harmful new flu strain for which there 's practically no immunity shows up and spreads rapidly from individual to-individual around the world.
As an effect of the fever intruding on Philadelphia, many are sick, dying or dead. In Fever 1793, there are many instances where it is clear to see, that characters put others before themselves. For example, when Grandfather is not feeling his best,
Infected droplets are expelled into the air through coughing or sneezing. Vaccination were involving Swine flu. When an animal or human is infected it develops antibodies to protect against future infections by the same virus. However immunity also puts evolutionary pressure on the virus. While the old strain can no longer effectively infect its host, its mutated progeny is successful because the host’s immune system does not yet recognize the new strain as a threat.
In his book The Great Influenza: The Story of the Deadliest Pandemic in History, John M. Barry tells the story of the influenza outbreak of 1918-1920, as well as the stories of the men and women who would bring about the medical breakthroughs to fight it, in vivid and well-researched detail. Broken up into three parts, each reading like more of a medical drama than the usual historical narrative, Barry ties in the stories of several men and women from William Welch, founder of the now world famous Johns Hopkins medical school to those such as Woodrow Wilson and John D. Rockefeller, all playing a role in the crisis that would come. In this book, Barry attempts to examine the period of history surrounding the great influenza outbreak of 1918-1920,
The purpose of the article is to assess the need to update CVV for preparedness against pandemics caused by zoonotic influenza viruses. The article thus describes the genetic and antigenic characteristics of these viruses. Influenza A viruses are categorized by two proteins they carry on their surface; their HA (hemagglutinin) and NA (neuraminidase), resulting in subtypes like four viruses mentioned in the article viz. Influenza A(H5), Influenza A(H7N9), Influenza A(H9N2), Influenza A(H3N2) variant (v)^5. Many of the combinations are yet to be observed in nature.
a. Because of these mutations, a new vaccine is created every year by doctors, predicting what that flu season 's virus will be like. b. Because it is only a prediction, occasionally the virus created in the lab doesn’t match up with the circulating virus. 1. With the virus that doesn’t match, a person is still more protected than a person without the vaccine, as stated in a CNN report in December of 2014 on the effectiveness of mutated viruses.
but right now this new flu is becoming deadly. The GHS initiative will lead to earlier detection and more effective control of these resistant germs before they spread to the U.S. (Health,