Introduction
Tardigrada, aka the Tardigrade is potentially the toughest animal on earth. They can be found almost anywhere - the top of the himalayas, japanese hot springs, deep ocean trenches, from polar regions to the equator. They make their homes in dunes, beaches, soil, lichens, mosses and marine and freshwater sediments. These tiny 1mm long extremophiles have been found to withstand the pressures of the deepest ocean trenches, mass amounts of radiation, and being heated to 150 degrees fahrenheit to being frozen to near absolute zero.
Conditions of Environment
The deep sea has many factors that make it difficult to live in. These being the amount of sunlight, or lack thereof, making photosynthesis impossible, the extreme pressures,
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They have stylets which allow them to pierce plant cells and animal body walls. They have a sucking pharyngeal bulb which allows them to ingest food. They are also known to eat entire live organisms. Female Tardigrades will lay 1-30 eggs at a time, and these eggs are light enough to be carried by other animals for great distances, spreading the population. Fertilization can occur through a gonopore or the male can deposit his sperm on the eggs after they have been laid. Tardigrades can reversibly suspend their metabolism, slowing it to 0.01% of their normal rate. This deathlike state enables them to survive without …show more content…
In the 1920's P. G. Rahm discovered tardigrades were able to withstand being heated for a few minutes in 151 degrees Celsius and survive being chilled for days in temperatures up to minus 200 degrees Celsius. While in this state the organisms are also resistant to radiation, Raul M. May from the University of Paris found that 570,00 roentgens were required to kill 50% of exposed tardigrades (only 500 roentgens would be fatal to a human). Water bears are also resistant to vacuums. Specimens exposed to high vacuum and electron bombardment in a SEM for 0.5 hours were then revived and survived for a few minutes before dying. Why are organisms in the cryptobiotic state able to withstand extreme conditions? Crowe (1971) hypothesized that the importance of water, heat, and oxygen in destructive reactions may explain why the lack of at least one of these characters in animals in cryptobiosis provides resistance to such cellular
MORGANTOWN, W.Va.--Despite having a four-run lead after seven innings, the West Virginia University baseball team lost to No. 3 TCU 8-6 in front of a record 3.415 fans at Monongalia County Ballpark on Saturday afternoon. The Mountaineers (20-13, 7-4 Big 12) scored six runs in each of the first four innings on 10 hits. The Horned Frogs (28-6, 9-2 Big 12) rallied with a run in the sixth and five runs in the eighth inning. Michael Grove had another strong outing, tossing seven innings.
Idaho falls zoo at Tautphaus Park is a place where you can spend time with your family or friends. You will make lots of memories there. The animals there are big cats and small cats, fish, penguins, pandas and bears, and more amazing animals. The park was named after the original owner, Charles Tautphaus. Who bought the land in 1884, also Idaho Falls was known as Eagle
70 common limpets were identified in the 40m bracket identified as the littoral zone, between 0m to 40m. The common limpet employs a range of adaptations to survive the abiotic and biotic conditions associated with the littoral zone. Firstly, the limpet uses a structural adaptation to overcome the harsh wave action in the tidal zone, by using their radula to grip on to imperfections in the rock. Furthermore, they employ a behavioural adaptation of grinding their shells down into the rock, to further ensure they are not swept away by the tide. Additionally, the limpet utilises a behavioural adaptation regarding its tough shell and powerful radula, to defend against predators.
Steve Zissou comes from the film called The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou. This was released in 2004. The character Steve Zissou was played by Bill Murray. Zissou is an eccentric oceanographer. Throughout the film, Steve is trying to find a mysterious creature known as a “jaguar shark”.
The name Redskins is seen as a derogatory and racial term traced back to the 18th century. It is found to be demeaning and offensive towards the Native Americans due to the history of the word. Some sources state that the term is in reference to when the Native Americans would paint their faces red, but others proclaim it's related to the scalping incidents. During the mid-19th century, authorities offered bounties for the scalps of Indians and referred to them as redskins. This issue has resurfaced once again as a dispute between the Washington Redskins and the Native Americans over the name of this certain National Football League team.
This laboratory experiment involving invertebrates is conducted to enable students to investigate Daphnia magna’s responses to external stimuli, therefore developing a better understanding and knowledge of homeostasis that occurs in organisms and the reaction and behavior exhibited by the daphnia magna when varying conditions are exposed to the organism compared to its natural environment conditions (Carter-Edwards et al, 2011). In order to understand the experiment, a foundation of information about the chosen organism such as its natural environment and physiology must be understood. According to Clare (2002) and Ebert (2005), Daphnia magna are small planktonic crustaceans belonging to the subclass Phyllopoda, found in lakes and
In a desert, you will find both a rattlesnake and cactus living in the harsh climate with very little rain. A cactus uses its thick skin of the stem with spines to keep unwanted animals from getting to the water that they store away. It uses its large underground root system to find water deep underground even when the topsoil is dry. The cactus also uses its thick stem to hold water to keep it alive.
It is easy for some people to put on an act such as following the word of God and being religious in order to seek out someone’s faith and building a good relationship. Tartuffe was an example of someone who teaches one thing and lives by something else. He earns the faith of one person by basing his life on lies and getting certain people to believe and do what he wants. When a situation like this comes into play you should never allow for yourself to be deluded by them. Get to really know who someone is and make them earn your trust because that is pretty much at the point when you are able to find out if they are a fake or phony person.
Evaluation on Tumbleweed When going to a restaurant a smiling face, knowledgeable staff members, a clean space, and flavorful food is expected. This is obviously something that Tumbleweed in Seymour, Indiana does not aspire to do. Tumbleweed in Seymour, Indiana was one of the worst restaurants I have ever been to. My friends and I all decided to go eat at Tumbleweed one day and it was very unclean, and took a long time until we got our food, also the people who worked there were not very kind.
Desert bighorn sheep are the parks largest and most magnificent animals. They are always on the move, and very mobile (so they can go form water source to water source.) This is surprising as they have to carry up to 30 pounds of curling horns. Their agility is a critical factor for surviving in death valley. Along with the fact that they have a high ability to travel to water and high mountain slopes.
Isopods can be as long as 500 millimeters and can live as long as 4 years. Their body has 3 part; the head, thorax, and abdomen. They are often caught from the wild. Due to being caught in the wild, Isopods are often found living under rocks, logs, leaves, lakes, rivers, and streams. Isopods can hermaphroditic which is being both girl and guy, meaning they do not need a mate to produce offspring.
We measured metabolic rate indirectly from the rate the crayfish consumed oxygen, which was expressed in terms of body mass. Because we were using more than one crayfish, and all crayfish had a different body weight, expressing the oxygen consumption rate per unit mass made it more reasonable to compare different crayfish. As our resulted had shown that there is no significant difference in oxygen consumption between the warm and cold acclimated crayfish, and oxygen concentration should decrease when water temperature went up, crayfish must increase their ability to pick up oxygen from the environment when acclimated to higher temperature. This was supported by Powell and Watts 2006 that acclimation affected directly the ability of hemocyanin to bind oxygen. This told us that hemocyanin, analogous to hemoglobin in vertebrates, increased their ability to pick up oxygen when acclimated to a higher temperature.
The Earth is full of diversity; countless amount of species inhabits the planet. According to an article by marinebio, “An estimated 50-80% of all life on earth is found under the ocean surface and the oceans contain 99% of the living space on the planet. Less than 10% of that space has been explored by humans. 85% of the area and 90% of the volume constitute the dark, cold environment we call the deep sea” (Marinebio). This statistic just shows how diverse and enigmatic the ocean is.
Organisms with the ability to weather severe environments with unfavourable conditions are called extremophiles. Many examples of extremophiles are touched on in chapter one of the text. One particular example is the Hyperthermophiles that reside along the underwater volcanic vents that litter the ocean floor. These extremophiles are able to survive and reproduce in water
Lack of immediate burial in sediments or on the sea bottom after the organism has died, be it an animal or vegetal organism, is the most important barrier for preservation of the organism. Physical, chemical and biological decomposition has to be avoided in order to obtain well preserved and complete fossils. The fossils provide information about the history of life of the organism on earth, what the organisms looked like, where and when they lived, how they lived and evolved. Fossils are the preserved remains or traces of animals, plants, and other organisms from the past.