The Role Of Racial Segregation In Education

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For civil rights around 1954 a case came to the Supreme Court named Brown V. Board of Education. The overall concept of this case is that segregated schools were inherently unequal. This case brought up the issue that segregation in schools violated the fourteenth amendment. The fourteenth amendment requires that states give equal protection of laws. Over-all Brown V. Board of Education strikes down the separate but equal standard.

Plessy v. Ferguson is significant for its declaration for its “separate but equal” statement in 1896, supporting the Jim Crow laws that were established at the time. Though less than a decade later, the Brown v. The Board of Education of Topeka, a future court case in which the U.S Supreme Court reversed the previous decision and allowed for racial integration in schools throughout the United States. The Brown v. The Board of Ed. declared that blacks and whites were to be integrated into the same schools because the Plessy v. Ferguson case denied the Fourteenth Amendment. Following the decision, Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas admitted nine black students, though most opposed this. A white mob protested against a group of black students, known as the Little Rock Nine, from entering the high school.

What is the Tinker V. Des Moines case? The Tinker v. Des Moines case is a decision by the United States Supreme Court that defined the constitutional rights of students that are in public schools. “This case took place in 1969 when students from three schools wore black arm bands to school in order to protest the Vietnam War,”( "Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community”) This ended when the principle found out what the black arm bands stood for and that they would have to be suspended if they wore them to school again.

However, in 1896 Judge Ferguson of the Supreme Court ruled that Louisiana had the right to regulate railroads within state borders and created a “separate but equal” rule that lay the groundwork for future segregation. This shaped America’s future by aggravating the racial discrimination between blacks and whites. Specifically, laws were passed to keep blacks separate from whites in all sections of society, including education, restrooms, hotels, public transportation, and even cemeteries. Blacks were denied the right to vote and even had a curfew in some places. In summary, this court decision significantly worsened race relations and progress in society for many decades.

Although the law changed, people were not as quick to the change, so African American were continually mistreated until others stood up for them and put their feet down just like Thurgood Marshall did in order to let African Americans gain equality. Marshall was a strong believer in the law and that things can and would change for the better like how he suggested "The Negro who was once enslaved by law

The famous Brown v. Board of Education demonstrates the presence of racial segregation in public schools. Prior to 1957, Central High School, in Little Rock, Arkansas, had never had African American students, despite a 1954 ruling from the Supreme Court stating that racial segregation in public schools in unconstitutional. In September of 1957, nine African American students This sparked angry backlash from a mob of 1000 white protestors. The Supreme Court ruled in the Brown v. Board of Education that Central High School must integrate. (History.com staff)

In the late 1800’s, equal rights for women and African Americans was an argued issue. Although slavery ended in 1865, African Americans were continued to be treated unfairly and looked down upon. Throughout history, many court cases were fought for equal rights. Blacks and whites could not go to the same schools.

The decision was ruled to 7 to 1 with the majority open. Due to this incident, Plessy took stand against the government in hope to stop the inequality against the colored. Unfortunately, that did not happen until it was reversed in 1954 's Brown v. Board Education. Due to this, many colored people

Segregation- n (1) The action or state of setting someone or something apart from other people or things or being set apart. (2) The enforces separation of different racial groups in a country, community, or establishment. In the year of 2017 I never thought that America would step back into 1960 where segregation played such a large role in our country.

The U.S. Supreme Court encountered various difficulties in trying to overthrow Jim Crow. After the infamous Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) decision, it makes things difficult for the court to overturn its “separate, but equal” ruling. Heading into the 20th Century, Black civil rights in America, particularly in the South were met with swift opposition. It was in large part due to the Supreme Court ruling that gave those states the power to enforce discriminatory legislation. In Robert J. Cottrol book, “Brown v. Board of Education: Caste, Culture, and the Constitution”, he described the Jim Crow era as it dealt with public education.

Ferguson had an unbelievable amount to do with the case of Brown v. Board of Education. The court case, involving Brown v. Board of Education took place in the year 1954. It was filed against the Topeka , Kansas school bored by Oliver Brown who was a parent to a child that was denied admission at a white school in Topeka. Brown argued that the racial segregation in Topeka disobeys the constitutions Equal Protection Clause. He states this because he did not believe that Topeka’s white schools and black schools were equal.

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas (1954), was a landmark case impacting the public school system with making segregation within the school system a violation against the law. It showed how separate but equal no longer made sense in America. Leading up to the groundbreaking court case, the country was divided by segregation. In the south, there were Jim Crow Laws and the white population tried to limit the power the African-American population had within the community. In the north there was a large migration of African Americans looking for a better life in the larger cities.

Their enrollment was followed by the Little Rock Crisis, in which the students were initially prevented from entering the racially segregated school by Orval Faubus, the Governor of Arkansas. These nine black students were herasted with word and spit. Governor Faubus was also wanted segregation and wanted to keep it. “Those who would integrate our schools at any price are still among us. They have seized upon the present situation to promote and foment concern and discontent, because of the temporary closing of the schools.

Nine years after the United States Supreme Court ruled separate is not equal many schools were still segregated. Judge Bohanon wanted to end this, so he forced a stop to segregation in Oklahoma City Public Schools through his ruling (1). This shows how government leader like Judge Bohanon would try to stop segregation. With them using the power they had they would start with one small area such as schools and it would get the ball rolling to be able to expand the stop of segregation in other areas. Colleges could no be segregated as of June 6, 1955 because of the ruling by Oklahoma’s Board of Higher Education (8).