Threat’ in the 21st century. Minority ethnic/religious communities who are perceived to be associated with the violence are characterised as communities that might be harbouring extremists and threatening individuals. Numerous studies have shown mass media to articulate dominant social values, ideologies and developments, and that these characteristics often lead to misrepresentation or stereotypical portrayals of minorities in the media (Hall, 1990). The use of the media to incite a fear based control of a population, also used a mechanism to manufacture consent, through normalization, socialization and popularization. The media has also played a part in fuelling this anti-Islamic feeling. Irresponsible and unbalanced reporting has helped …show more content…
Normalization, as Foucault has insisted, is one of the central instruments of the exercise of power because it imposes homogenization on groups, and fixes differences, gaps and levels between groups (Rabinow, 1984). Thus justifying the persecution and alienation of those within the suspect community, through the increase and radicalization of state and military legislative power. Legislation which in turn directly attacks, deconstructs civil and moral liberties and limit the rule of law. At times when national security is threatened, by either imaginary or real suspects, the government and parliament office shared a common self-understanding and appreciation of the role of state institutions. The protection of the national interest or security, and of the control of violence imagined or real. An urgent sense of risk and responsibility to the wider population results in the passage of illiberal emergency measures drenched in secret references to a battle between good and evil, which has been picked up by the media. Despite differences in political and ideological affiliation, Labour and Conservative governments, within the West, similarly endorsed ‘extreme’ emergency measures to fight the ‘extreme’ methods of the
In political science, states have a legal monopoly on violence within their sovereignty; in reality, this means a Government’s domestic policing powers are largely unconstrained, as it can justly, or unjustly, coerce, imprison, and murder in the name of the public. Yet in modern America, and most of the western world, constitutional checks and balances have constrained state interference; these limits specifically curtail a state’s policing power by protecting the individual’s autonomy from political tyranny and partiality. These so-called ‘natural rights’, liberties, or protections originated from the Enlightenment, and established the importance of individuals in relation to their societies and states. Modernity thinkers such as Tocqueville
Violent means can be justified by its ends, but it can be a risk of overwhelming the ends as a result of the unpredictable outcome due to unexpected events (Arendt 1969:4). The implements of violence are characterised as the tools which give more power of the one who possesses it (Arendt
Rough Draft: After the 9/11 attack many Americans have come to realize what terrorism really is, but for the kids that 9/11 was history to here you go. Terrorism today is the use of violence usually against other countries aimed towards politics. Targeting terrorist leaders might not make much difference, but it is cheap, it is low risk for the United States (Fisher,par.18). According to Max Fisher’s article going after terrorist leaders isn’t always the best, well the U.S. did that for the 9/11 attack, we ended up killing Osama Bin Laden the man who planned 9/11 out. Terrorist groups like the Al Qaeda, ISIS, and the Jihadist are a threat to mankind.
It has led to self-censorship and stifled open dialogue on critical issues, as individuals fear retribution for expressing dissenting opinions or engaging in political activism. Moreover, the fear-driven narratives propagated by some media outlets have perpetuated xenophobia and contributed to the rise of anti-immigrant sentiments, further dividing communities and eroding the nation's social cohesion. Perhaps the most disturbing aspect of the post-9/11 laws and regulations is their disproportionate targeting of marginalized communities, particularly Muslim Americans and immigrants of Middle Eastern descent. Racial and religious profiling have become prevalent, resulting in increased surveillance, discrimination, and harassment of innocent individuals solely based on their appearance or faith.
The media often tries to look for underlying conditions with white mass shooters while discarding other groups of people as terrorists. How does this instill racism and skew the view of terrorists in the direction of Muslims? The second topic
In the Ethical Life, by Russ Shafer-Landau, chapters written by Michael Walzer and Alan Dershowitz express their knowledge and opinions on the topics of terrorism and torture. Is it possible to justify and defend such acts? In the chapter “Terrorism: A Critique of Excuses”, author Michael Walzer shuts down four excuses that attempt to justify terrorism. In the chapter, “Should the Ticking Bomb Terrorist Be Tortured?”, Alan Dershowitz defends his theory that it is necessary to torture a terrorist if that means saving the lives of innocent people while protecting their civil liberties and human rights at the same time. Terrorism can never be moral because it violates all “excuses” and torture is an acceptable tactic to save lives.
One of the important themes highlighted in this book is the use of force and violence in order to achieve a political statement. Government used oppressive means to control everyday lives. In many of these communities, such as Clonard, law and order ceased to exist. The police were largely distrusted. ‘Justice’ dished out by the paramilitaries was often extremely brutal, with victims being most commonly kneecapped.
Department of homeland security and Domestic Terrorism One of the major reasons why defining domestic terrorism has proved difficult is because different agencies approach terrorism with their different interpretations (White, 2013). The difference between the various definitions of domestic terrorism lies within the various descriptions given about terrorists’ motivations. White (2013) classified domestic terrorism as either those that are politically motivated or others that attempt greater specificity. It is however difficult to establish and define the motivations of terrorists. It is therefore necessary do in-depth analysis on terrorists’ motivation because their purpose reflects the methods and targets the terrorists are most likely to select.
Much of the research about Arab Americans has shown the stereotyped image of Arabs in the American and Western media. Shaheen (1983) showed how the American media uses ugly and negative stereotypes of Arabs. Through “editorial cartoons, television shows, comic strips, newspapers and even in novelty merchandise” (p. 328), Arabs were virtually dehumanized and depicted as the “bad guys.” targeted and given the stereotypical image of Arabs in American media. Researchers did a content analysis of news articles published in Newsweek and Time magazines between January 1990 and December 1993.
Mohamed Soumah Mrs. Brown/Mrs. Sigmund English 8 28 February 2023 Argumentative Essay for Long Way Down The cycle of violence… A cycle that can be broken so easily, but isn’t.
The Media and The Manufacture of Deviance 800 words, Assessment Weighting 30% Briefly define the concept of ‘moral panic’ Cohen argues the concept of moral panic is a person or group that becomes defined as a threat to society to a person’s social value and their interests. Moral panic is fear that comes from a group or issue that causes panic within society, but it’s believed this fear and reaction is exaggerated and this is felt and reacted to by the public forms of media such as newspapers, articles and live news etc; knife crime and islamophobia. “Implicit in the use of two words moral panic is the suggestion that the threat is to something held sacred by or fundamental to the society” (Thompson, Kenneth 1998) Cohens definition of moral panic is an over exaggerated reaction by groups
Because of the media’s displays, there is an evident widespread of Islamophobia throughout the west and it is one that has potentially scared citizens into a defense mode. This over arching idea of Muslim dominance is a common thread amongst media outlets and is one that is often overlooked. This paper seeks to determine not only the implications of news biases but also the core reasons as to why the media chose to frame Muslims in a particular way. The aftermath of 9/11 effected society, socially, politically, economically, and globally.
The media is a large aspect of society today around the world, and one of the ways the media is being used is to influence the public to believe a bad portrayal of Muslims. Currently Muslims around the world, but mainly in the United States are facing hate crimes. The largest influence on hate crimes is the fear that the media put in the public about Muslims, which creates Islamophobia, which is the dislike of our prejudice against Islam or Muslims. Islamophobia is a political platform used especially in America that politicians believe will lead to their win. The United States needs to change the way the media reports and should make sure that the media is used to inform the
Islamophobia’s occurrence in any particular country has little do with the presence of Muslim; it is possible to be Islamophobic when there are virtually no Muslim around. This because the lack of Muslims is filled by the surplus of Islamophobic representations. This surplus of representations is now increasingly reliant on the internet. There are many studies reporting on Islamophobia on the internet, classifying the negative representations, the targeted acts of aggressive online behaviour (trolling) against Muslims. These studies are basically taxonomies, and they share this feature with general literature on Islamophobia, which is concerned with reporting instances of Islamophobia empirically with little time spent on its theorisation.
Terrorism causes fear all across the world. People are terrified because of what happens in these attacks. There are many different kinds of fear caused by terrorist attacks. Some react to these attacks differently than others. Many react to these attacks in a constructive and rational matter, this helps to not give the terrorists what they want.