However, that veto was overridden and the legislation had officially become a law. It stated that every person born in the US is to be considered a citizen "without distinction of race or color, or previous condition of slavery or involuntary servitude. " [Sandoval, Interracial Democracy, notes]. The Civil Rights Act of 1866 was an attempt to compensate for rights that were lost due to the black codes. This bill demanded citizenship without discrimination against ancestry or race.
The definition of race changes constantly, and as such, race can be said to be neither static nor biological. After years of research, scientists have failed to prove any biological relationship between race and anatomy, proving that the motives behind racializing people must be political. The white race relies on this sense of racialization in order to maintain its socially constructed supremacy over so-called “non-whites”; therefore, settler colonialism acts as justification for racial inequality, and people of color are forced to seek equality through intersectional approaches. A racial project consists of representational strategies that artificially produce concepts of race in American society.
Throughout history, race has been an ongoing theme. Race was used to define a person as well as the rights that they held. People of races other than white were given little to none respect and were not treated as human beings but instead property. It was a constant battle between races, therefore forming a them versus us society. Through history there were many people who were treated based off their race, there were many different government made laws and documents that defined and laid out the rights of those certain races.
Racial formation is the process by which humans classify other human beings based on what they look like and where they come from. To racialize someone is to categorize someone; however, race is not natural, and is in actuality a product of sociohistorical processes. Because racial classifications are manmade, it is pivotal to consider the context and time period of racial systems because they change with history. They are a social construction rather than a biological reality, meaning they can be created, destroyed, and transformed. These processes can be observed when we look at how the Irish, who were initially subject to intense racial discrimination, adopted “whiteness,” or how the Chinese, who were also limited to strenuous physical labor, became the model minority.
a. Race appears because people’s identities are assigned through it. This is a means of distinguishing a group and a means of control over it. The essence of society is that a small number of people exploit most people in the name of the development of human civilization, and race is the most powerful political weapon for them. b. Social construction is something or an event that is a meaningful to the society, it reveals how the social is constructed and how people are participating in it. c. Money is a kind of social construction, people accept the value of money and consider them as an essential part of the society.
It also stated that everyone born or naturalized in the U.S citizenship no matter what race they were. In 1866 the Civil Rights Bill was passed and it stated that ex-slaves were U.S citizens and also gave them the right to make contracts, sue, be witnessed in court, and also to own land. The president vetoed this bill which also means that he violated the 14th amendment. In his veto statement the president said that the blacks were not qualified for citizenship and also that the bill operates in favour of the blacks and against the whites. The Republicans didn’t have any hope in working with the president to make progress after this and tensions increased.
While some argue that race is a biological concept, many have rejected that view and instead view race as a social construct. This revised viewpoint stems from the
Fall 2015-Soc 100-35W 10/15 Week Seven Discussion Samantha Henry Sociologist argue that race is a social construct and not a part of our innate natural behavior. Then why is racial identification so prevalent in modern day society? That’s because at young ages we are taught by television, movies, books, newspapers, parents, teachers, friends and other sources what race is.
Kallen Brunson In the article, “How Race becomes Biology: Embodiment of Social Inequality” by Clarence C. Gravlee, Gravlee argues that race, and the assumption of race in everyday life, makes the difference in biology much more clear and affects the life cycles of people due to their perceived race (Gravlee, 51). The author provides, using both his research and others’, an argument against the complete notion that race is only a social construct (Gravlee, 53). Through a series of statements, Gravlee states that race shouldn’t simply be excluded from anthropological discussion, but incorporated into present views regarding healthcare and impacts on society.
According to the film race is a biological "myth" and as outdated as belief that the sun revolved around the earth. Race is a concept that was invented to categorize the perceived biological, social, and cultural differences between human groups. Based on modern genetic science that can decode the genetic puzzle of DNA there is no significant genetic or biological differences between the races. Race is an artificial construct imposed by the ruling classes to justify first slavery and then segregation. One of the main findings concerning the genetic make-up of the students in the course was that skin color really is only skin deep.
“White isn't a race, its a state of mind”, stated by Rachael Dolezal. It could be a common question people ask you in a social or private conversation. All human beings are born a certain race depending on what their birth parents ethnicity or race is. In the US, people are saying they are a different race than they actually are which ends up blowing up in their face, especially politically and socially. Because a lady named Rachael Dolezal is falsely claiming she is black when proven white, society believes she is “mentally ill” and taking it too far as a chosen performance.
This concluded that anybody born in the United States will become a citizen, no matter the race, religion, or economic background. Fast forwarding to almost 100 years, the Civil Rights Act of 1960 put an end to legal discrimination based on race, religion, or ethnicity. This also provided a monumental protection that benefited African Americans. It prohibited unequal tests
Among anthropologists it has become increasingly clear that the concept of race having a biological basis is fundamentally flawed. There a number of flaws with this concept of race. One issue is that features attributed to race, such as skin color, very across the globe in a clinal fashion rather than in uniform groups. Another issue is that there is more in-group variation within races than there is variation between races. Finally, human variation is non-concordant.
In the article “What We Mean When We Say ‘Race Is a Social Construct’,’’ Ta-Nehisi Coates asserts that the idea of race is not based on someone’s intelligence. People will always have a different opinion on intelligence. It is wrong to make the assumption that “blacks” are not as intelligent as “whites”. Coats says “There is no fixed sense of ‘whiteness’ or ‘blackness’.” He also explains how race is a social construct.
Race, nationality and ethnicity Race and ethnicity are seen as form of an individual’s cultural identity. Researchers have linked the concept of “race” to the discourses of social Darwinism that in essence is a categorization of “types” of people, grouping them by biological and physical characteristics, most common one being skin pigmentation. Grouping people based on their physical traits has lead in time to the phenomenon of “racialization” (or race formation), as people began to see race as more of a social construct and not a result or a category of biology.
