Acid-base extraction Essays

chemical that was found within both products. Caffeine is the world's most widely consumed drug. It is a central nervous system stimulant belong to the methylxanthine class. Caffeine can be derived from xanthine as a stimulant, xanthine is a purine base found in most human body tissues, fluids and in other organisms. I want to know at what temperature the tea solution contains certain amount of caffeine because my family likes to drink tea and

Introduction 1.1 Aim: To determine the kinetic parameters, Vmax and Km, of the alkaline phosphatase enzyme through the determination of the optimum pH and temperature. 1.2 Theory and Principles (General Background): Enzymes are highly specific protein catalysts that are utilised in chemical reactions in biological systems.1 Enzymes, being catalysts, decrease the activation energy required to convert substrates to products. They do this by attaching to the substrate to form an intermediate; the

After looking into it, I found out that it was high due to the ingredients, which are acidic themselves. Taurine itself is called 2-aminoethanesulfonic acids. Another acidic ingredient in Red bull is the sodium citrate, this helps preserve soft drinks, as well as turn glucose into an acid known as lactic acid. You can also find Amino acids in Red bull. In general these ingredients causes liquids to be extremely acidic. (Justo) The other sample that we tested was water. The water’s PH level showed

5861 How Much Acetic Acid is in Vinegar? Titration is a simple technique in which one can determine the concentration of an unknown solution from a solution of known concentration. The known concentration is the titrant and the unknown is the analyte. The concentration of the analyte can be found from the concentration and volume of the titrant and the stoichiometry of the reaction. By using titration one can find how much acetic acid is in vinegar. Molarity is concentration of a substance in moles

First, a colorimeter and LabQuest were retrieved and and plugged in to warm up. While the colorimeter and LabQuest was warming up, 3 test tubes were labeled 1,2, and 3. Then, the control pH 7 solution was made according to Table 1 right in the corresponding test tubes. The test tubes were then immediately placed in a 100mL beaker with an ice cube in it to keep the solutions cold. The solution in test tube 1 was poured into a cuvette that was labeled with a piece of tape on the cap that said “B”

In the chemical reaction of hydrochloric acid, HCl, and sodium hydroxide, NaOH, the theoretical ratio is one HCL for every one NaOH. By then taking a known measurement of HCl, in this case 10mL, in addition to the phenolphthalein indicator and deionized water, and titrating it with NaOH, the amount of NaOH that causes the reaction to be complete was calculable given that we know when the reaction was complete. After calculating the moles of each substance added to complete the reaction, the experimental

Many indicators can be used in order to carry out this titration a few of these include litmus paper, methyl red and bromophenel blue which one is used in order to carry out the titration depends on the pH range of the acid and base used. Using the correct indicator makes it easier to achieve accurate results. The end result of this titration is determined by the colour in which the solution changes to. Redox titrations are carried out between an oxidising agent and a reducing

Observations: 1. The first step had to be repeated due to not following proper instructions. I did not grease the screw, so as I was shaking the mixture, solids were forming around the screwpart of the separatory funnel. 2. When adding 5.0 mL of NaOH to the unknown mixture and shaking it for about 30 seconds, layers had formed. 3. Upon adding 20 drops of NaOH, a white precipitate was formed signifying acidic impurity. In the second NaOH mixture, about 20 drops were administered and no precipitate

For Experiment 9, the NaOH solution was standardized with the primary standard acid KHC8H4O4 in order to determine the molar concentration of the NaOH solution. As seen in Table 1, the known mass of KHC8H4O4 was 0.2037 g. The moles of KHC8H4O4, could then be calculated to get 9.97E-04 mol. Based on the balanced equation between the sodium hydroxide solution and primary standard acid, the mole ratio of 1:1 and the molar mass of NaOH was applied to calculate the molar concentration of NaOH, which was

Osmosis in potatoes Aim of the laboratory: The aim of this lab is to analyse the effect that the concentration change of sucrose has on the potatoes' osmosis rate. This can be investigated by using potatoes of the same shape, size and length that are placed in different beakers with different concentrations of sucrose. The potatoes must be weighed prior to as well as posterior to the placement in the beakers to measure the difference of the size, length, and eventually shape of the potato subsequent

Throughout this lab, four metal and four different aqueous solutions were observed under a microscope, to determine what kind of reactions were produced. The main idea of this lab was to observe and write chemical equations for the different single replacement reactions. This purpose was accomplished, as all reactions in this experiment were single replacement reactions, that either produced a reaction or none at all. A single replacement reaction is when a single element switches and replaces another

The purpose of this experiment was to observe and conclude the impact of a higher alkalinity and increasing sodium chloride concentration had on the yield of lysozyme crystals through crystallization. The constants for this process were sodium acetate at a concertation 0.05 M for every well in both rows, along with the concentration of polyethylene glycol (PEG) being set at 10% for every well in both rows. The two rows of wells that were tested deviated in alkalinity, row A having a pH of 4.5 and

In the lab the goal of measuring the specific heat of NaOH and the enthalpy change of a neutralization reaction between NaOH (strong base) and HCl (weak acid) was accomplished. This was accomplished by finding the heat of solution of the salt and measuring the heat capacity of the calorimeter to measure the enthalpy. During this lab one of the assumption that was made was the law of conservation of energy. Specifically, the loss of heat is equal to heat gained. The heat of solution with the assumption

unknown acid, base, and neutral compound was obtained with the goal of being separated through extraction and then further purified through recrystallization. Since the mixture was a 1:1:1 ratio, this means the amount present was .333 grams for each compound as this is important for calculating the percent recovery from extraction. The percent recovery is the percentage of the original product that is recovered, in this case the percent of the initial 0.33g that is recovered. The basic extraction using

Experiment 3: Identification of an Unknown Mixture by Extraction, Recrystallization, and Melting Point Determination Name: Shahrukh Alvi Partner: Emad El-Masri Student ID: 104030390 GA: Terrence Yep, Michael Stanesic Section: 56 Abstract In this experiment a two base liquid‐liquid extraction technique was used to separate and isolate two components of an unknown mixture. In this process, acid-base reactions were used based on the difference in the solubility of a compound between two

In Section A, the average mass of the 50 ml beaker was weighed 3 times using 2 different electronic balances. The final average mass recorded was 33.73g. The volume of distilled water needed was calculated from the mass of water using the density= 0.9971g/mL in Section B. The volume of water needed was transferred using pipette, graduated cylinder and Erlenmeyer flask respectively. In Section C, a pipette was calibrated by measuring the water temperature and the density was determined. The average

unknown mixture was given, that contained both sodium bicarbonate(NaHCO3) and sodium chloride(NaCl). The purpose of this experiment was to find the percent (%) composition of the sodium bicarbonate and sodium chloride in the unknown mixture. Hydrochloric acid(HCl) and a scale were materials that were also used during the lab. Three trials were done. All three trials were done the same way. In trial one, the weigh boat was first zeroed on the scale. Five grams of the white unknown mixture was measured on

Epuri Lab Members: Ian, Averi, Serena Percent Yield Lab Objective: Determine the percent yield of NaCl in a chemical reaction. Materials: Evaporating dish Watch glass Digital balance Sodium bicarbonate Wire mesh Scoopula Plastic pipette Hydrochloric acid Hot plate Crucible tongs Methods: First, the mass of the empty, clean, and dry evaporating dish and watch glass was recorded using the digital balance, while the hot plate was set to 450 degrees Fahrenheit. 1 gram of sodium bicarbonate was added

Sodium Hydroxide which is 4.126 g when it is weighted and a KHP also with the NaOH there’s two other experiment that are used to find the titration of molarity in the three chemical balances. In exp. 6 and 7 there using the NaOH to find titration in an acid and vinegar by going through three trails to see how much sodium hydroxide is pick in it until it turns light pink, however if it turns dark pink there’s an error in the trail. For these experiments the Average Molarity for three of them or 0.3965

In this lab, my lab group was able to test and verify all the parts of alum through a series of tests. We also were able to conclude whether or not the substance was alum after all. The testing of the alum, AlK(SO4)2, was able to conclude the melting point of alum, to determine whether sulfate was present in alum, and the water of hydration in the alum crystals. The melting point of alum was measured to be 92.5℃. This was tested by taking the alum and crushing it into a powder which was put into