Ammonium Essays

Identification of Unknown Solutions and Ammonium Salts preAice Chemistry Lab Report Descriptions of unknown solutions: Unknown Descriptions A Clear, colorless, odorless liquid. B Clear, colorless, odorless liquid. C Clear, red-brown, odorless liquid D Clear, yellow-orange, odorless liquid. Observations of unknown solutions: Unknown NaOH HNO3 & AgNO3 Diluted HNO3 & BaCl2 HCl A No reaction (+)Yellow ppt. formed Did not test (+)Effervescence (bubbles) B No reaction

This experiment was not carried out in chronological order to maximize efficiency. First the volume (3.33mL) of needed liquid ammonium sulfate was calculated based on the assigned 25% saturation. 3.33mL of the liquid ammonium sulfate was added to 10mL of the protein extract (given by the instructor) in a centrifuge tube to precipitate the protein out. Water was then added to a second centrifuge tube to balance out the mass in the centrifuge. The mass of the mixture was weighed and the water was measured

One of the possible systematic error that may occur in this experiment is that the hydrated (II) ammonium sulfate is contaminated as the iron (II) salt was left uncovered. The iron (II) salt was prepared by the lab assistant and the salt was left at the table uncovered for students to scoop the desired amount of salt they want. The iron (II) salt might be contaminated by dust particles and even saliva. This would cause the standard iron (II) solution to have less iron (II) salt in it and this means

2) Estimation of Urinary Iron- The standard method (the ammonium persulphate technique) was used for estimating the level of iron in the urine. Urine is digested with ammonium persulphate. Iron present in the urine acts like a catalyst in the reduction of ceric ammonium sulphate (yellow) to cerous ammonium sulphate (colourless). The degree of disappearance of the yellow colour is a measure of iron content in the urine. A standard curve plotted during the analysis was used to extrapolate the concentration

sublimation, filtration, and evaporation, is true. Firstly, I was able to separate the components of a mixture into its three components: sand (SiO2), Ammonium Chloride (NH4Cl), and salt (NaCl). I was able to accomplish this by taking advantage of the characteristic differences of the three substances (sand does not dissolve in water while salt does and ammonium chloride is the only substance in the mixture that goes through sublimation when heated), and applying that knowledge to the usage of sublimation

4.1) Pungency Test Aim: Determination of allyl iso-thiocyanate (PUNGENCY TEST) Theory: The oil obtained from black mustard seeds contains sinigrin and myrosin which, after maceration with water yields a volatile oil, the major constituent of which is allyl iso-thiocyanate. The oil obtained from white mustard seeds contains acrinyl iso-thiocyanate which is much less volatile than allyl iso-thiocyanate. The presence of ally iso-thiocyanate is responsible for the pungent nature of mustard oil. Generally

temperature (the assumed ‘room temperature’), the water from one graduated cylinder was transferred into a 100mL beaker. The water from the other graduated cylinder was poured into a polystyrene cup. Using a scale and a weighboat, precisely 2 grams of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) was measured and placed into the polystyrene cup with the 20mL of water. The chemical compound and the water were mixed together using a glass rod until the chemical was thoroughly dissolved. After the chemical had dissolved, the

figure into the overall project and why they are important) Ammonium sulfate precipitation takes advantage of differential solubility of proteins. As the concentration of ammonium sulfate increases in the solution, different protein will precipitate out at different concentrations. This simple purification of a protein keeps most of the other proteins in solution at specific concentrations. On the molecular level, salts like ammonium sulfate work in low concentrations to solubilize proteins in

supernatant was thought by Ammonium sulfate precipitation and pellet was broken up in refined water and the ensuing arrangement was dialyzed against PBS ph7.2 to evacuate Ammonium sulfate and conformed to the first volume with yhe same cushion (Hong et.al., 1994). 2)

aqueous leaf extract The methods used sequentially for purification of aqueous extract were i) Ammonium Sulfate Precipitation, ii) dialysis and iii) Ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-Cellulose columns. All steps were carried out at 4ºC to maintain the stability of the isolated products unless mentioned otherwise. The chemicals and dialysis membrane matrix used for the partial purification were ammonium Sulfate, Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate, Sodium Hydrogen Phosphate, Sodium Chloride, dialysis membrane

is as follows: (NH4)2Cr2O7(s)=Cr2O3(s)+N2(g)+4H2O(g). After the lightning of Ammonium dichromate, Chromium (III) oxide was formed while the Nitrogen and Water escaped into the atmosphere in a gaseous phase. Ammonium dichromate((NH4)2Cr2O7) gave rise to Chromium (III) oxide (Cr2O3), Nitrogen Gas(N2) and water (H2O) In terms of microscopic level, the ratio between reactants and products is as follows. One mole of Ammonium dichromate will give rise to one mole of 1 mole of Chromium (III) oxide and 1

identified the second cation, which was barium or calcium. The second cation was identified by using the liquid portion of the solution mixed with hydrochloric acid and separated from the white precipitate, silver chloride after being centrifuged. Ammonium carbonated, which serves as to help confirm the presence of either barium or calcium cation, was added and stirred to this existing solution, causing the solution to become cloudy and white. Afterwards, the solution was heated and occasionally stirred

dissolve in all three solvents and instead produced a dark reddish-orange colour and magenta colour in ethanol and TTE respectively. The same procedure done to the 2 small iodine crystals was repeated with the 2 small ammonium chloride crystals, polar solutes. Unlike iodine, ammonium chloride dissolved in almost every solute completely. The only exception was that it did not dissolve fully in ethanol and left behind a powdery

This solution was diluted further by transferring 1.0 mL of it into a 100-mL volumetric flask, adding 40 mg of ferrozine and 1.25 mL of ammonium acetate buffer, then diluting it to volume with DI water again. Like previous solutions, this solution turned a deep purple. The absorbance spectrum of this solution was then obtained and recorded. In order to obtain an accurate spectrum, an additional

There is some correlation with the order of heat being given off and the decrease between acid strength, HCl ≈ HNO₃ > CH₃CO₃H > NH₄Cl > NaHCO₃, however, the trend stopped when sodium hydroxide reacted with ammonium chloride. Less heat was given off when sodium hydroxide reacted with ammonium chloride, disrupting the order considering that when sodium hydroxide reacts with sodium bicarbonate there is more heat given off. In order for there to any strong correlation the order should look more like

Response surface methodology is a group of techniques that are used to study the relations between one or measured dependent factors (responses) and several input (independent) factors [27]. The effect of concentration of the three selected variables, ammonium sulphate, yeast extract and 1,2 propylene glycol was studied by this method. The concentration ranges selected for the three factors are listed in (Table 4). All other factors (glucose 10 g/L, glycine 0.2%, temperature 28 °C, initial pH of medium

flames. These results were confirmed when after the KOH Test, the unknown salt also reacted with a similar smell, and the Ba(NO3)2 test in which the salt also reacted closely to Ammonium sulfate. These variables together meant that the final, unknown, compound was a combination of ammonium cation and sulfate anion, or Ammonium

displacement reaction occurred is the formation of gas. This was seen through three of the reactions performed in this lab; sodium carbonate with hydrochloric acid, sodium carbonate with sulphuric acid, and sodium hydroxide with ammonium chloride. In the sodium hydroxide and ammonium chloride reaction, when the two solutions are mixed, bubbles began to form rapidly. This clearly indicated that a gas was released when the reactants were mixed. Lastly, a property that indicates a double displacement reaction

Rowe Go to the following website: http://nortonbooks.com/college/biology/animations/ch38a02.htm 1. What are the 2 forms of usable nitrogen? The two forms of usable of nitrogen are ammonium and nitrates. 2. What is the term used for this conversion process? This conversion of N2 (nitrogen) into NH4+ (ammonium) and NO3- (nitrate) is called nitrogen fixation. 3. Much of nitrogen fixation by humans is done by what? Most of nitrogen fixation done by humans is the result of industrial production

experiment, a horizontally placed glass tube was set. Two cotton balls were soaked in hydrochloric acid (HCl) and ammonium hydroxide (NH3). At the same time, the cotton balls were inserted at both ends of the tube. Several seconds later, a white cloud formed where the gases of the substances met, but nearer to the side of the hydrochloric acid, which has heavier molecular weight than ammonium hydroxide. In the second experiment, a