BS1003 – Organic Chemistry Practical 1 Laboratory Report Name: Tristan Chan Yew Kit, U1640436J (T8) Effects of Dichloromethane(DCM) in Extraction of Caffeine from Tea Leaves Purpose To investigate the ability for Dichloromethane(DCM), a moderately polar organic solvent, to extract aqueous caffeine molecules, originating from Tea Leaves suspended in water. Introduction Caffeine, defined chemically as 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine (C8H10N4O2), is an alkaloid that can be found in tea leaves, coffee and many
• Iodine Solution Weigh 7.7g of potassium iodide into a 50cm3 beaker. Use distilled water to help the iodide dissolve. Swirl for a few minutes until the iodide has completely dissolved. Using a funnel to help, pour the potassium iodide into a 500cm3 volumetric flask, make sure all traces of the solution is in the volumetric flask. Using distilled water would be a good method in order to rinse the beaker. Make the solution up to the 500cm3 mark with iodine (1% concentration) • Starch Indicator Solution
Insulation Energy loss is a common issue in buildings. Heat energy escapes a house through windows, doors, walls or ceilings. Meanwhile cold air infiltrates a house reducing the heat energy within it. ("Heat Gain and Loss Explained."). Up to 35% of heat loss occurs through walls and almost 25% through roofs, the other heat is lost through windows doors and the floor (Jimbo.). Heat energy loss has numerous disadvantages, for instance the high costs it results with. In the case that the heat energy is lost
animals can’t maintain its internal body temperature overnight "(life ascending, Nick lane, page 78) and any insulation provided (fur or blanket) to keep it warm fails since it cannot then absorb heat energy from the sun. It is safe to say that mammals can maintain its internal body temperature overnight. A reptile can generate energy (as ATP) extremely fast, which enables it run really quick for few moments without breathing, and after this it takes a break to recover its energy , if not it is going
star. Fusion is the force that generates energy, resulting in the progression and development of the star. Stars begin their life cycle as molecular clouds. Some event, such as a shockwave or collision of a galaxy, causes the cloud to collapse and form smaller pieces, which collapse inward on itself, and form a protostar. After millions of years, the protostars reach equilibrium and become main-sequence stars. As the star collapses, gravitational energy creates heat, resulting in the rotation of
The similarities between Chapter 14 and Chapter 18 are both apply concepts of work and energy to solve the problems involving force, velocity and displacement. Work for variable force: For particles: U_(1-2)= ∫_(r_1)^(r_2)▒〖F.dr〗=∫_(s_1)^(s_2)▒〖F cos〖θ ds〗 〗 For rigid body: U_F= ∫▒〖F.dr〗= ∫_s▒〖F cos〖θ ds〗 〗 Work of a constant force moving along a straight line: For particle: U_(1-2)= F_c cosθ(s_2-s_1 ) *the work of F_c represents the area of the rectangle For rigid body: U_(F_c )=(F_c cosθ)s *constant
understand how the human body works we must to know the general outline of its structure. Both machines and living organisms need energy. For example, a human who is resting, to maintain breathing, heart contractions, muscles tone, etc. requires roughly 1700 calories per day (it depends on your age and weight). But when the human works or is experiencing physical stress, the energy demand increases to about 3000 calories per day. The work of the organs is accompanied by their continuous renewal: some cells
Hello Everyone! I hope that my first post gave you a better understand of Reiki and Align: Internal Architecture. This post will allow you to see how I uniquely addresses the common reiki service; distance healing, house clearing and animal reiki! It's a long post, I know, but it's worth the read :) Distance Healing Aside from a traditional Reiki hands on session, I also offer distance healing sessions. Simply put distance healing allows a client to be anywhere in the world at any time. These
atoms have quantised energies, that is, they can only have a discrete set of energy values. When irradiated by electromagnetic radiation, atoms absorb certain frequencies from the radiation thus transitioning between energy levels. If the incident radiation is compared with the one coming from the atoms, a continuous spectrum can be observed with frequencies matching those between the energy levels missing. The spectrum is unique to the element and displays the fact that the energy levels are quantised
Teixeira, 2007). So latent heat of fusion is also the enthalpy of fusion of a substances and molecule, or in another words is the changes of enthalpy of a substances or molecule when it starts to melt. The solid phase has a lower internal energy than the liquid phase, so energy is needed for a solid to melt into liquid (En.wikipedia.org, 2016). Phase transition is used to describe substance changes from
Metabolism is the rate at which your food consumption is turned into energy. Therefore, individuals who are aware of their resting metabolic rate know the optimal daily caloric intake in order to lose weight. Individuals that are overweight have a higher resting metabolic rate; therefore, if an individual had a rising metabolic
Scottish physician and the scientist Joseph Black. It is related with determining the variation in energy of a system by measuring the heat transfer with the surrounding. It is derived from the word calor in Latin, which means the heat and the pressure. Calorimeter is the device used in the calorimetry science to measure the quantity of heat transported from or to an object. Heat is the transfer of thermal energy between two bodies that differs in temperature (Mc Graw Hill Education). Calorimeter helped
Animals have the ability to regulate their internal body temperature by controlling heat flow, through morphological and behavioural adaptations. This is an essential part of their survival (McConnachie, et al., 2011). This can result in body temperatures that are different to their surroundings, meaning that they are able to maintain a relatively stable internal body
the activation energy and finally $T$ as the absolute temperature. Generally, the equation is represented in exponential form: \begin{equation} k = A \exp[-E_a/RT] \end{equation} It clearly shows that a small increase in temperature would result in a remarkable increase in the magnitude of the reaction-rate constant. The numerical constant A and E$_a$ were derived by collision and transition-state theories of the reactions where E$_a$ represents the energy of activation
In 1979, an experiment conducted by A.L. Steigen studied how temperature affected the energy metabolism of banded and unbanded Cepaea hortensis. Steigen came to the conclusion that banded snails compared to unbanded snails have a higher metabolic rate at higher temperatures because the pigmentation absorbs more solar radiation (A.L. Steigen
Thermoregulation in rabbits: Thermoregulation: The maintenance of constant internal temperature of an organism independent of the temperature of the environment. Thermoregulation in rabbits: It is a research based fact that temprature of 21 degree celcius is the comfort zone in rabbits. In case when animals are exposed to high or low temprature then heat may be dessipated or produced in the body to maintain its body temprature. In rabbit thermoregulation can be maintained by: Respiration Nasal
1. Describe and give examples of the various ways that heat can be transported in the atmosphere. In the atmosphere, heat can be transported by conduction, convection and radiation. Conduction is the transfer of heat from molecule to molecule that is directly contacting each other (Ahrens, C. 2015, p. 33). Heat will be transferred by conduction will flow from warmer to cooler regions. Convection is a mass movement of liquid and gases as they transfer heat. Warmer air or liquid, as it rises, is replaced
Because plants go through the process of photosynthesis to mainly produce energy using sunlight, they use something known as the stomata that regulates the amount of carbon dioxide and sunlight is taken into the plant, and how much oxygen is let out. These stomata, when open, can cause the plant to let out a portion of water through
Nico Brecher 12055884 Exam Part 1 11/11/2014 Flooring options for mayoral office and boardrooms 1.Why is it necessary to consider indoor air quality and the life cycle of materials in a green building? The causes of poor indoor air quality can be because of pollution we tend to think that pollution is mainly outside of our buildings but we are wrong. The causes of indoor pollution vary from region to region and building to building. Contaminated air enters from outside and also from
The American Academy of Sleep Medicine asserts that early school days lead to accidents along the roads, depression among the young teenagers, and upsurge in poor performance academically for middle and high school students. Teens struggle through the challenge of waking up very early in the morning so that they can be at school at the right time. Research implies that teens should get at least eight to nine hours of night sleep for their good health. Various sponsors such as the American Academy