Advantages And Disadvantages Of Conc

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

RC is available tec. for construction in Egypt and all over the world. It is used in almost all structures as: buildings, shells, bridges, tunnels, tanks and retaining walls. Conc. is made by mixing binding materials as sand and gravel held together with a paste of cement and water. Conc. has many advantages, such as high fcu, ability to cast in almost any desired shape, economical and fire resistance. Yet, there are some disadvantages, like low ft, low ductility and cracking. Regardless those disadvantages, Conc. is still one of the chosen materials in construction.

Reinforced Conc. (RC) is a very complex composite material resulting from a combination of two materials, Conc. and steel, both of which have entirely different mechanical properties. Steel can be considered a homogeneous material and its ft and ductility are very high. Conc.. is, non-homogenous making from different materials. The evaluation of mechanics of RC members made of two materials is very difficult because one of the materials, which is Conc., behaves differently in tension than in compression and may be considered to be inelastic. And the second one is steel whose properties define well.

The typical stages in the load-displacement behavior of a

This general definition is happen to cover a broad concretes ranging in (14.40 to 18.50) kN/m3 and the cylinder compressive strength is more than 17.2 MPa. Lower concrete density may be indicated for non-structural applications. Many sorts of concrete fall inside this range: some are cellular concretes made of foam or foaming agents, some are made of LWA and some cellular concretes also contain lightweight aggregates. Other LWC may contain some normal weight sand. Table (2.1) shows the definitions of LWC by its density for different