In18th century, two movements were spread across America. They greatly influenced the way how people think about religion, and more importantly they challenged the authority. They were the Great Awakening and the Enlightenment. Philosophers such as Jonathan Edwards and Thomas Paine brought their theory and belief to the public and caused great impact. Although they might have different belief, but Jonathan Edwards and Thomas Paine were more similar than they appeared.
Benjamin Franklin was a very important man in the Enlightenment period due to his vast knowledge of science and politics. The American Enlightenment provided the structure for the colonists of America to evolve into a unique American character by 1763 through the circulation of reading materials, the scientific discoveries that lead to unique inventions, the development of a different government, and the tolerance for many religions. This evolution can be assessed by the life of Benjamin Franklin, a key proponent of the Enlightenment. The 18th century was when Britain and its colonies grew closer because of the circulation in letters, newspapers, and books.
The Enlightenment and the Great Awakening impacted the colonial society in several ways. The American Enlightenment stemmed from the movement in Europe. It enabled the colonists to become free thinkers and allowed them to consider fee will. First, the affects of the Enlightenment caused both unity and discourse in religion. Most colonists either reject or accept the ideas.
Chapter 1.4 and 2 Study Guide After reading chapter 1.4 and chapter 2, please define the following terms and answer the following questions in your own words. Enlightenment-ideas about nature that led to a movement in which philosophers valued reason and scientific methods Great Awakening- a revival of religious feeling in the American colonies during 1730’s-1750 French and Indian War- a conflict in N orth America, lasting from 1754 to 1763, that was a part of a worldwide struggle between France and the transfer of French Canada to Britain Proclamation of 1763- an order in which Britain prohibited its American colonists from settling west of the Appalachian mountains.
While many people either wholeheartedly supported or ridiculed the awakening, Edwards chose to stand between the two extremes in the Awakening and acknowledged the benefits and cons in them. As Professor Kerry notices, “In regard to the second great issue of the Awakening, “enthusiasm,” Edwards walked a middle-path which allows for some ambiguity… Edwards argues that new converts may or may not, be “enthusiastic”…he was much more impressed with long-lasting evidence of moral regeneration, and understanding of “sound doctrine.” With such changing times, as the Enlightenment was still dying down and the Great Awakening quickly flared up, the world, especially America needed a steady hand. This steady hand kept the awakening alive in the hearts of Americans, but because of his openness to the new-as long as it glorified God-Edwards encouraged Americans to step slightly out of tradition which laid the foundation for the American Revolution, which happened after his death.
The Great Awakening strived to erase the lines between religions by promoting religious pluralism and the concept that all faiths were equal. Primarily, the separation of Church and State was finally in place, which showed the opposition to allowing religion facilitate the decisions of their nation. The Awakening weakened the cultural authority of the upper class and produced a vision of a society drawn in more equal lines. Overall, the thought of finally being equal unified the colonies and created universities that were not controlled by the Church. The new universities promoted different types of curriculum which was not based on religion.
In conclusion, the Great Awakening and the Enlightenment both contributed to democratic thought by causing humanity to question ideas and religious with science which gives
An article by Frank Lambert discusses how Edwards help start the Great Awakening and also explained some of his beliefs. He says“.. Edwards set forth one of his most original explanations: the divine impinges on the human when, through God’s grace, the saint undergoes a transformation of the heart that leads him or her to a new understanding of things divine” (Lambert). Edwards, as well as other Puritans, believed that God could help anyone through any kind of trouble they may have been having and God could also make one believe that they were capable of doing extraordinary things. They also believed that anyone who denied God would be in for some serious troubles.
Thomas S. Kidd wrote the book “The Great Awakening A Brief History with Documents” in a format that allows its readers to study history the way historians do. The book is broken down into two parts. The first part is a detailed introduction of what happened during the The Great Awakening. The second part includes and explores 36 primary source accounts from this era. These primary source accounts range from pastors’ sermons to the spiritual experiences of slaves, Native Americans and farmers, among others.
Richard Kaplan also said, “the theological belief in the potential mutability, indeed perfectibility, of people also encouraged a reforming attitude toward social institutions. Humanity and earthly society were not inherently sinful and, thus, could and should be reformed.” With the new quantity of religious people, the belief that there should no longer be sinful or unjust things grew tremendously. With this belief, people began to believe that things that needed to be reformed, should be reformed. The Second Great Awakening sparked a nationwide wave of reform movements that had a huge impact on American society throughout the 19th century.
The Second Great Awakening was like the first, a religious renewal for protestant churches in the United States. The Second Great Awakening opened open doors for many reform movements. Two movements influenced by the Second Great Awakening the temperance and abolitionist movement. The temperance movement was a social movement that capitalized the personal moderation drinking of alcohol. The abolitionist was the abolishment of slaver.
Enlightenment was created by the English philosopher John Locke. The ideas that were influenced by enlightenment were life, liberty, and property. This also gave to the idea of natural right. Enlightenment influenced the way people finally realized that divine right wasn’t right and start to doubt it. Throughout time enlightenment has influenced a lot of important events in history.
The American Enlightenment and the Great Awakening were two very important motivators that changed the colonial society in America through religious beliefs, educational values, and the right to live one’s life according to each individual’s preference. The Great Awakening and the American Enlightenment movements were two events in history that signaled a grand distinction to the teachings among religious believers. New beliefs of how a person should worship in order to be considered in “God’s good graces” soon became an enormous discussion among colonists across the land. “Men of the cloth,” such as George Whitefield and Jonathan Edwards were well respected and closely followed when preaching about the love of God and damnation.
At the start of the 18th century, the beginning of the Enlightenment was upon America. There were many factors and people who help play a part in the Enlightenment or, in other words, the Age of Reason, some of the people that assisted the enlightenment was Thomas Jefferson, John Locke, Benjamin Franklin, and John Adam. Each of the philosophers demonstrates the fundamental idea of the Enlightenment like liberalism, rationalism, conservatism, toleration and scientific progress. Even though each person played an important part, the most influences person that was involved was Benjamin Franklin. Throughout Benjamin Franklin`s life, he demonstrates through his action and writing that he was the epitome of the Enlightenment by showing that he was
The Glorious Revolution of 1688 and the Enlightenment both desired to improve European society, however the level of religious tolerance during the Glorious Revolution differed from the Enlightenment. The Glorious Revolution of 1688 and the Enlightenment both desired to improve European society’s disposition to inherit natural rights. The level of religious tolerance during the Glorious Revolution, which favored Protestant beliefs over Catholicism, differed from the Enlightenment. The Glorious Revolution of 1688 and the Enlightenment both desired to improve European society’s disposition to inherit natural rights by implementing the enlightened ideal of liberty. In 1688 King William III promised to “secure the whole nation” of all their
