Humanity in the past, present and future is layered. Within this layered structure, there exists extreme variety and difference. However, one thing that seems to exist constantly in every crevice or aspect involving the interacting of human beings is the idea of being part of a culture. Culture is often considered difficult to explain but ultimately it can be defined if it fulfills certain requirements. Culture exists as a grouping of values that are continuously taught with a degree of precision and organised teaching of such through various channels.
Socio-cultural Environments and Marketing Implications Keegan and Green (2015, p.126) define culture as “ways of living, built up by a group of human beings, that are transmitted from one generation to another”. From that definition, we can name some characteristics of culture. Firstly, it can be learned by individuals, organizations and society at large. We are not born mastering our own culture but we are raised in a cultural environment to be a part of it. We can also learn and adapt to other cultures if we are willing to.
Cultural Narrative Culture is recognized as a noun and according to the dictionary it is defined as, “The customs, arts, social institutions, and achievements of a particular nation or people.” In other words, culture is the identity of a particular community that is learned by previous generations and is implied by certain institutions. Culture never remains the same because the future generations keep on evolving their beliefs and ways, of which they do things. There is a probability that your culture may differ from mine, and that is what makes our cultures so great! Our culture is what allows us to stand out and differ from one another. From our customs to the way we dress, it is all part of our culture.
Intercultural competence enables a person to interact both efficiently and in a way that is acceptable to others when you are working in a group whose members have diverse cultural backgrounds. The group may consist of two or more people including yourself. ‘Cultural’ may represent all manner of features, including the values and beliefs you have grown up with, your national, regional and local customs and, in particular, attitudes and practices that affect the way you work. For the tolerance of ambiguity category my results showed that I am willing to accept the lack of clarity when dealing people of different cultures and cope with it constructively. Being able to adapt the way I work with other people who may be of an unfamiliar cultural background to avoid unnecessary conflicts of expectations and processes is known as behavioural flexibility.
Schein defines culture as “a pattern of basic assumptions - invented, discovered, or developed by a given group as it learns to cope with its problem of external adaptation and internal integration- that has worked well enough to be considered valid and therefore, to be taught to new members as the correct way to perceive, think and feel in relation to those problems” (Schein, 1990). Even, Cook and Rousseau (1998) define organizational culture as “a set of beliefs, values, behavioral patterns and assumptions shared by the members of an organization” (cited by An, Yom, Ruggiero, 2010). Harrison & Stokes (1992) state culture distinguish one organization from another. (cited by An, Yom, Ruggiero, 2010) Organizational culture is a multidimensional concept. Researcher has identified and proposed different typologies of culture.
It firstly involves being conscious of one’s own beliefs, prejudices and biases and its effect on them. Secondly it involves realisation that other cultures are socialized differently (Malone et al., 2012). Following awareness, Campinha-Bacote (2002, p.182) views cultural knowledge as “a process of seeking and obtaining a sound educational foundation about diverse cultural and ethnic groups”. The goal is to understand the client’s world view along with their physical, biological and physiological variations (Campinha-Bacote, 1999). In doing so they can ensure to provide the individualised holistic care the client
This part of the paper deals with the results of the empirical testing of face-negotiation theory. The impact of cultural, individual and situational factors on face and facework is discussed in terms of previous research. It should not be surprising that culture, defined by Herskovits (1955) and Triandis (1972) as the human-made part of the environment, which consists of “objective and subjective elements that … became shared among those who could communicate with each other because they had a common language and lived in the same time and place” Triandis (1972, p. 3) significantly influences every aspect of our life, in particular, face concern and facework. In general, both early and further testing of the face-negotiation theory showed
In my life, I had various cultural and social factors that have greatly influenced my cultural identity. Cultural customs, expectations, and beliefs have impacted my deep culture. These deep cultural impacts are implemented in my life and they stand for what I believe in. My surface culture consists of multiple factors who describe who I am as a person that can be easily seen by others. My preferences, dislikes, and who I am as a person were heavily influenced by my cultural settings and environments.
LSS 2113 Assessment 1: Individual Reflections Ismail Mousa Jumah, H00249210 The Higher Colleges of Technology Fujairah, United Arab Emirates Intercultural Studies: 1st Draft The world around us contains many people and every group of people has their own culture. It is important to know about other cultures to be well educated and to resolve any confusion between people. Additionally, the importance of reflecting on ideas we learn is to know more and more about concepts that are belonging to the culture. What is culture? According to Geert Hofstede, Culture is like an onion having many layers inside it.
Chapter 2: “Literature Review” The idea of the convergence and divergence of work values beliefs and culture has been there for several decades and is one of the most important debates carried through time. Organizations have struggled to understand the factors affecting the diverse nature of work values and culture. It is believed by many that one of these factors includes the National Culture too. Many studies have been carried to dissect this fact whether the National culture has an impact on the Organizational culture or not. Culture is defined as the shared system, beliefs, values and norms practiced by a group of people.