When talking about social conflict, critical criminology and restorative justice there is a lot to cover due to how in-depth each topic covers from it being the Branches of critical theory. Social conflict is the struggle for agency or power in society. Social conflict or group conflict occurs when two or more actors oppose each other in social interaction, reciprocally exerting social power in an effort to attain scarce or incompatible goals and prevent the opponent from attaining them. Social conflict shapes contemporary society. Especially in the world that we live in it shapes political, social and economic development in the world. In the book called Criminology the source by Larry J. Siegel it was stated that social conflict can be distracted when it leads …show more content…
Restorative justice in criminal justice Some of the early justice system involvement with restorative justice came in police stations, particularly where cautioning is used as a response to crime and juvenile offending. Restorative justice is increasingly visible in courtrooms around the world. Prosecutors, judges and defense attorneys make use of it. Probation officers are often involved in its implementation or monitoring. There are a number of restorative initiatives taking place in prisons. Some relate to the victim-offender relationship. Others to conflict resolution among prisoners. Still others to the operation of prisons themselves. Victims are said to be central to restorative justice, but most restorative justice programs take place in the context of the offender-centered criminal justice system. We have resources on how to support victims and on how to treat them with respect. They have made an ongoing effort to reduce the conflict created by the criminal justice system when it hands out harsh punishments to
110). According to the author, the aim of restorative justice is to heal communities from an incident where people were harmed and, ideally, help prevent the same thing from happening again. I believe that, there is going to be a higher possibility of crime reduction in schools and in different neighborhood if victims and offenders mediate a restitution agreement to the satisfaction of each other. In conjunction to this, if the government can be more committed in supporting these approaches, I believe that there will be a massive drop in crime
This type of justice system is designed very differently when compared with the retributive justice system. The restorative justice system endeavours to bring the victim and the offender together and allow them to speak with each other in the hopes to support the healing process. It will enable the victims to express themselves to the offender and lets the offender apologize and express their feelings to the victim. The restorative justice system often offers the victims of crime closure. The system encourages both parties to reveal themselves to each other and develop a solution for the future to satisfy both parties involved.
Traditionally, crime has been viewed as a violation against the state. Still too little attention is given to the fact that criminal acts are also violations of the victims and the communities. Punishing and correcting offenders’ criminal behaviors should not only be conducted using the concepts of retribution, incapacitation, and deterrence, it should also be designed to repair the damages done to the victims and the communities. Many benefits are associated with shifting to the restorative justice model, for the victim, the offender, and the community. Restorative justice benefits the victims by giving them a voice regarding the accountability of the offender.
Abortion refers to the termination of a pregnancy by removing or taking out the fetus or embryo from the uterus prematurely or before it is ready for birth. There are two major forms of abortion: spontaneous, which is often referred to as a miscarriage and as the name suggests is unintentional or the purposeful abortion, which is most often abortion induced by medication or other such ways. The term abortion is commonly used to refer to the induced abortion, and this is the particular abortion, which has been filled with controversy. In developed nations, induced abortions are the most dependable and trustworthy form of medical procedures in medicine if it is performed under the auspices of the local law. Thus, abortions are possibly the most
B Impact on Victims 1 Current Involvement and Impacts Not only do family members have the opportunity of joining a youth restorative justice conference, but the victims of the offences also have the opportunity and are required to take part in the conferencing process. The YJA mentions the requirements and options victims have when it comes to participating in a youth restorative justice conference. Victims are entitled to attend a conference and they can bring either a legal representative, a member of their family or another adult for support. For the victims to understand completely their ability to participate in a conference and how conferencing works, the convenor of the restorative justice conference will contact the victim and provide
Victim witness programs are used by the government in order to provide support and assistance to those who fall victim to a crime. According to Victim Witness Program, the primary goals of such programs, include but are not limited to, encouraging victims to participate in any parole and supervised release processes of their offender, notify and facilitate victims in participation of any hearing or release dates in regards to their offender, provide options for supportive services, and advocate for crime victims (2015, para.1). The organization under which the victim-witness program is located is under a system, which has many internal constituencies, thus creating competing and conflicting purposes. The goals of the victim-witness program are quite simple and seek out to give the victim the right to be represented during the processing of the offender, however, given the multiple roles the court, for example, must serve, the goals of the victim-witness program can be both complex and conflicting.
Restorative Justice processes are likely to reduce criminals from repeating offenses, as numerous recidivism studies have demonstrated. Thus, it would be more than justified to employ restorative processes a response to crimes under
Today our justice system has a multitude of options when dealing with those who are convicted of offenses. However, many argue that retributive justice is the only real justice there is. This is mainly because its advantage is that it gives criminals the appropriate punishment that they deserve. The goals of this approach are clear and direct. In his book The Little Book of Restorative Justice, Zehr Howard (2002), illustrates that the central focus of retributive justice is offenders getting what they deserve (p. 30).
What defines conflict? There are several words in society whose definitions are constantly fluctuating; conflict is one whose definition is constantly changing and rarely agreed upon for how it is defined. Conflict is a social theme, which means that the definition will inevitably change based on society. As of right now, conflict is often seen as a struggle and a clash of interests, opinions, or even principles. Conflict is rooted in a variety of interpersonal relations, whether it is due to religion, race, class, politics, or even international reasoning.
Home assignment #3 Educational system reflect social inequalities. And my analysis include sociological conflict theory like a key. And economical factor that affect educational, professional and social progression. Social conflict theory sees social life as a competition and focuses on the distribution of resources, power, and inequality. Social conflict theory is a macro-oriented paradigm in sociology that views society as an arena of inequality that generates conflict and social change.
The conflict theory is a macro-level theory where theorists look at the unequal distribution of resources such as money, power, education, and social prestige. Those who are wealthier and more educated than others in the society hold more power over those who are not wealthy or as educated. Conflict theorists see this a lot in the educational system, where inequality is shown through the materials in the school, teachers in the classrooms, and topics being taught. This type of inequality leads to learning differences that emphasizes social inequalities. Macro-level sociology is looking at the bigger picture of the social process, such as stability and change throughout society.
In the criminal justice system, the corrections component is also responsible for the rehabilitation of the convicted individual. It is their duty to attempt to make the defendant a productive member of society once again. Based on the individual’s behavior while incarcerated, the court and corrections officials may decide to place them on parole, which ensures that the individual will comply with the rules of society once they are fully released from the system. The criminal justice system is an essential role in the organizational structure of not only the United States but also in countries around the world. If there were no criminal justice system to administer punishment, the world would be unstructured, disorganized, unjustified, cruel, and not to mention a chaotic place for it citizens.
Batley (2005) stated that restorative justice is about restoring, healing and re- integrating victims, offenders, as well as the society and also preventing further harm. In this assignment, I will be discussing approaches to restorative justice and illustrating their advantages and disadvantages to offending. I will also provide the applications of these five approaches of restorative justice which are retributive approach, utilitarian deterrence approach, rehabilitation approach, restitution approach and restorative approach in the given case study. I will then explain my preferred approach to justice through identifying a personal belief or value that underpins my choice.
When one thinks of the word conflict, the first thing that comes to mind is usually instability, but that’s not just it. The basic idea of conflict theory is that individuals and groups in society find it hard to increase their bit in the limited resources that exist and are wanted by people. Since there are only a small amount of resources, the struggle predictably leads to conflict and competition between different people and groups in society. These struggles will inevitably lead to changes in societies as different groups come to power. Lewis Coser, a sociologist who worked on finding the functions of social conflict, states that a conflict is part of relationships, and is not always a sign of instability.
Social Conflict Social Conflict is the battle for agency or influence in society. In Animal Farm the first example of social conflict is when