When Pearl Harbor was attacked, Japanese Americans were suspected of spying on the US Government and selling information to Japan. This was enough reason for President Franklin D. Roosevelt to authorize the deportation and incarceration of over 110,000 Japanese Americans, using Executive Order 9066. This was not justified, and was not fair, to the Japanese Americans. 62% of the internees were United States citizens, and 99% of all Japanese Americans were not spies. Executive Order 9066 was an order signed and issued during World War II by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. This order authorized Japanese relocation.
Weeks before executive order 9066 was put into motion the United States Navy removed Japanese citizens from Terminal Island which is near the port of Los Angeles, and on December 7th 1941 just hours after the happenings of pearl harbor the Federal Bureau of investigation or more commonly called the FBI rounded up 1,291 japanese community and religious leaders arresting
After the attack on Pearl Harbor the United States was in an uproar. Americans were now in fear of Japanese spies and they placed their suspicions on ordinary Japanese American citizens. President Roosevelt was swayed into ordering Executive Order 9066. President Roosevelt was not justified in ordering Executive Order 9066 due to violation of constitutional rights, blatant racism, and long term negative consequences caused by the internment of Japanese American citizens in 1942. Franklin Roosevelt used poor judgement when he ordered Executive Order 9066 because of the racism behind this executive order.
While the order also interned 300 Italians and 5,000 German immigrants and naturalized citizens into internment camps, it had the most impact on the Japanese-Americans. By designating war zones from which anyone could be removed, Executive Order 9066 affected civil liberties in the United States. These US citizens never received any form of compensation for the mistreatment and harsh conditions they were obligated to withstand during their stay in these internment camps. Japanese-Americans were denied due process and the guarantee of life, liberty or property contained in the Fifth Amendment of the Constitution of the United States. Executive Order 9066 called for taking Japanese-Americans from their homes and rehousing them to live in internment camps under curfew, with public property restrictions solely based on their ethnic background.
Executive Order 9066 The attack on Pearl Harbor by the Japanese not only brought us into the war but also changed America's view of Japanese Americans living in the United States. Executive Order 9066 forced Japanese Americans into internment camps where camplife was degrading and was later viewed to be unjust. On December 7th, 1941, the Imperial Japanese Navy launched a surprise attack against the United States naval base at Pearl Harbor in the Hawaii Territory.
The common theme in both of the short stories is centered around the cultural differences both girls faced due to the heirtage. Although both authours decsribed and expressed this in different ways they also share many similarities. Theirs stories help to show the many different people and cultures that America has to offer and express. The "Response to Exeuctive Order 9066" express how she feels about her American identity, whereas "Mericans" ties more into her hispanic family.
“The truth was, at this point Papa did not know which way to turn. In the government 's eyes a free man now, he sat, like those black slaves you hear about who, when they got word of their freedom at the end of the Civil War, just did not know where else to go or what else to do and ended up back on the plantation, rooted there out of habit or lethargy or fear” (Farewell to Manzanar, ----). Papa was just one victim of injustice. After the Japanese dropped a bomb on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on December 7, 1947, all Japanese Americans were relocated to internment camps. President Roosevelt signed executive order 9066, ordering that all people of Japanese ethnicity because the government viewed them as a threat to national security.
Japanese Internment: Why did it occur? How did it affect Japanese-Americans? Following the start of World War II and due to bad advice and popular opinion, President Roosevelt's executive order 9066 went into effect. This order began the marshalling of over 100,000 Japanese Americans into internment camps.
DeWitt managed to push for the incarceration of Issei and Nissei through sensationalism. DeWitt played on the fears of Americans and illustrated the dangers of the potential of Japanese raids on the Pacific coast externally from the Japanese military and internally from Japanese immigrants. Ultimately, the anti-Japanese sentiment won out and Franklin D. Roosevelt signed Executive order 9066 allowing the army to incarcerate Japanese in internment camps. Hence, Daniels demonstrated the ease with which racial prejudice met military hysteria and resulted in the incarceration of Japanese
The Executive Order 9066 is where the order for the internment camps originated from. It shows how the American government addressed the Japanese-Americans living in the United States. At first everyone including the President defended the Japanese living in the United States until the Niihau incident where two Hawaiian born with Japanese ethnics helped and aided a downed pilot that assisted in the attacks of Pearl Harbor. After that the fear of Espionage became a huge concern and the racially motivated crimes and discrimination against the Japanese-American’s, is why the Executive Order 9006 was signed and enforced. The order forced 120,000 Japanese-Americans with most of them being American citizens to leave their homes, businesses and American constitutional rights behind and spend the war years behind barbed wire (By, 1988).
In my opinion, the United states was not justified in its policy of keeping Japanese Americans in internment camps. These people were Americans just like those who chose to put them in camps. By singling out these people in camps, the government essentially legitimized racism against them. Most of them had committed no crimes against the United States. Most of them had not involved in the planning of any crimes against the United States.
According to the National WWII Museum the US government cited national security as the reason for sending all of these Japanese Americans to internment camps because the American public were fueled to be anti-Japanese because of the Japanese victories in Guam, Malaya, and The Philippines. Another way the government showed that what they were doing was to “prevent espionage”. As a way of doing so President Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9066 on February 19th 1942. The order was passed and the camps were created so Japanese Americans would not be allowed the freedom to do as they please meaning they couldn't even go anywhere so this made the American citizens feel safer because there were no Japanese to spy on them if they were in internment camps. Overall it was ruled that, “relocation and internment was justified during circumstances of “emergency and peril ""(Students of History), as a way of saying both national security and preventing espionage were ways the US government justified sending Japanese Americans to internment camps was acceptable during the
Jayna Marie Lorenzo May 23, 2023 Historiography Paper Professor Kevin Murphy Historiography Final: Japanese Internment “A date which will live in infamy,” announced President Roosevelt during a press conference after the bombing of Pearl Harbor. Due to the military threat by the Japanese on the West Coast, on February 19, 1942, President Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9066, ordering for the incarceration of all people of Japanese descent. The Order forced about 120,000 Japanese Americans into relocation centers across the United States where they remained in captivity until the war ended.
The American government put Japanese-Americans in internment camps, fearing they might be loyal to Japan. This was allowed to be done because of Executive Order 9066, designated the West Coast a war zone and anyone could be removed. Over 100,000 Japanese and Japanese-Americans were put into internment camps. The Supreme Court case Korematsu v. United States in 1944 was about it the U.S. government had the right to take away the Japanese Americans' civil liberties to protect the country against any espionage. When Executive Order 9066 was passed, Fred Korematsu, refused to leave his home in San Leandro, California.
The internment of Japanese Americans during WWII was not justified. After Pearl Harbor, many Americans were scared of the Japanese Americans because they could sabotage the U.S. military. To try and solve the fear President Franklin D Roosevelt told the army in Executive order 9066 to relocate all Japanese Americans living on the West Coast. They were relocated to detention centers in the desert. Many of them were in the detention centers for three years.
In the texts, "In Response to Executive Order 9066" by Dwight Okita and "Mericans" by Sandra Cisneros, a topic of American identity and perception of identity is shared. Both texts take a brief look at the lives, characteristics, and feelings of young girls living a bicultural life. In Cisnero's story, the girl seems caught between her two different cultures, and she struggles to connect with her Mexican heritage. In Okita's poem, the girl has a clear sense of her identity and place as an American. Culture is experienced and interpreted differently by each individual and each group of people.