Influenza In Chicago Research Paper

The 18th century had been a world of unknown scientific and medical exploration. Across the globe, many kingdoms and countries had faced a similar complication that baffled even the most educated physicians and politicians. Every summer civilians would meet with their local doctors and grumble about their bodily issues, but each doctor had discovered the same symptoms. On August 3, 1793 the city of Philadelphia had a devastating disease lurking in the streets and alleyways. Jim Murphy, an American author of “An American Plague”, is an author to more than 35 nonfiction and fiction books for children and young adults, also winning multiple awards for his accurate and such accomplished work.

Intro: Influenza, also know as The Flu is a respiratory virus that causes fever, headache and fatigue, just to name a few. This is a contagious disease that is normally spread through touching and inhaling infected droplets that come from someone else. This is why humans have invented a specialised vaccination for it. You can attain this vaccination through injection but most people prefer handling the situation themselves through taking rests. It is estimated that on average, 5 - 20 percent of the american population every year attain Influenza .

Not only has this epidemic dispatched numerous people it made them suffer to the point where it was unbearable to handle. Philadelphia under Siege: The Yellow Fever of 1793 is an article that states, “The number of deaths changed from ten victims a day in August to one hundred a day in October.” As a result

The primary source I chose for my analysis is “A Most Terrible Plague: Giovanni Boccaccio”. This document focuses on the account of how individuals acted when a plague broke out and hundreds of people were dying every day. This source is written by Giovanni Boccaccio as it is a story told by him and friends as they passed the time. Boccaccio discusses how “the plague had broken out some years before in the Levant, and after passing from place to place, and making incredible havoc along the way, had now reached the west.” Readers of this source can assume there wasn’t much cures and medicinal technology weren’t used much during this time as even their physicians stayed away from the sick because once they got close they would also get sick.

Improved sanitation, hygiene, nutrition, and other factors had played a pivotal role in this amazing defeat of infectious disease (Humphries/ Bystrianyk 15).” Similar to Scarlet Fever,

The regulations put out by government ensured that the outbreak would come to an immediate halt, and if a new epidemic were to sweep through the states, it would be derailed. Another outbreak of influenza became prevalent in England in 1933. A doctor was able to isolate the disease and noticed how it spread. Lots of this was due to research from the Spanish Influenza, and the death toll was much lower. (Youngdahl)

Around 50% of people got sick. You had a better chance at getting sick than dying. Then people started to become immune to the sickness and sickness numbers did not rise as high. In

When the Spanish Flu appeared in Chicago, peaking at 2000 deaths a day, health commissioner John Dill Robertson decided to make some drastic decisions. First, all large gatherings were banned, sporting events; political meetings and banquets were all cancelled. Schools were shut down and parks were closed. Theaters and cabarets were closed as well. Weddings were postponed and funerals were cancelled.

The first outbreak occurred in September of 1918 in Quebec. 2. In the fall of 1919, the federal government established the Department of Health. 3. Approximately 50,000 people died from this silent enemy as opposed to 40,000 in the war.

People infected with the Pneumonic was spread through the air; such as, coughing, sneezing, or breathing. The last type is the Septicemic. This is when the plague enters the victim’s bloodstream causing death within a day. The plague could kill people during this time quickly without a problem. One author told of how the plague could severely affect a person in one day, “ate lunch with their friends and dinner with their ancestors in paradise”

I have a very large of dying from the sicknesses getting passed around. I overheard General George Washington say that around 3,989 soldiers have gotten sick by February (Busch 147). And that 2,500 deaths have come from sickness (Busch 147). Frostbite and Smallpox have played a big part here at Valley Forge. Frostbite has gotten many people’s limb taken off.

This is an ethical and moral duty nurse, added that threatens the health, religion or life of patients who avoid vaccination, other than of philosophical reason, you can protect patients from cross-transmission. Recently Poland Jacobson as you did with other vaccines, e.g., measles, mumps, rubella and varicella is recommended enacting influenza vaccination of HCWs (Healthcare Worker). This view was supported by the mandatory vaccination argue that supporters can be justified in a given moral safety record of the influenza vaccine. In addition, failure, his own, to achieve the required number to despite the 70 percent vaccination rate for employees of the results from Johns Hopkins University Hospital (JHUH) of volunteer programs, senior epidemiologist

The routes the ships took into North America were heavily infected with the Aedes aegypti mosquito, which was risking the safety of everyone onboard, especially the port workers and residents around the docks. Molly Crosby references the ships which came from Cuba stating that they were heavily infected with Aedes aegypti eggs. Passengers bitten by the mosquitos would shortly become ill and their immune systems would quickly become compromised and they would die. Since steamboats were the only means of transportation to and over seas, it was the predominant cause of yellow fever spreading worldwide because everyone lived so close together, making it very difficult to be

Public services were being overwhelmed with the number of immigrants flooding American cities resulting in unsanitary conditions, garbage littered streets and lack of clean water. The cities of New York and Chicago were being plagued with outbreaks of cholera and typhoid due to the raw sewage flowing in from Lake Michigan. Jurgis Rudkus and Ona Lukoszaite

They believed that epidemic diseases were caused by “miasmas” or “viruses”, which they considered to be poison that float through the air. This misconception of diseases impacted the war negatively due to the fact that medicine did not reach a stage to provide certain insights of diseases. There were many infectious diseases that were common among the soldiers which included, “typhoid and other fevers, smallpox, acute and chronic diarrhea, yellow fever, measles, mumps, diphtheria, scarlet fever, erysipelas and the intermittent fevers.” These diseases gave a foul stench, according to Bollet “it was said that the Civil war army on March could be smelled before it could be seen.” Most of the stench came from the bacteria and virus causing diseases.