Factors Leading to Joseph's Dehydration: A Case Study

Then gravity pulls the ball down and accelerates it until it hits the ground or person. A football follows the path of projectile motion. Any object that is thrown or launched follows projectile motion. Projectile motion is determined by the velocity at which it is thrown, the angle, and the rotation of the football. Did you ever wonder why a spiral throw of a football flies further than a end-over-end throw?

Our nervous system exploy this property for the computational purpose , and can turn this synaps to such means as phosphorylation of proteins involved . HOMOTROPIC MODULATION : It is the Modulation of presynaptic neuron by its own neurotransmitters . It is a form of autocrine signaling . this signaling includes usually the size ,numbers and the replenishment rate of the vesicles . it is often inhibitory with the effect of presynaptic inhibition ,making neurotransmitters self regulating .

Nuclear receptors are a class of receptors that have the ability to bind ligands, steroid and thyroid hormones, in order to mediate the expression of specific genes in a cell***. There are two types of nuclear receptors in the family, type one and type two. Type one receptors require a ligand to be bound to the receptor so activation can be initiated** by a conformational change of the ligand, travel to the nucleus and associate to inverted repeat hormone response elements in DNA. Type two receptors mostly are kept in the nucleus of the cell that will be focused on and do not require a ligand to be bound to them in order to become activated. When type II receptors bind to direct DNA repeats, they do so as heterodimers of the specific dimer as well as with RXR, while type one receptors are homodimers binding to DNA’s inverted repeats.

ENDOCYTOSIS Endocytosis is a process by which a small region of the plasma membrane of a cell ivaginates to form a new intracellular vesicle. The plasma membrane ivagination is termed caveolae and the caveolin is a protein which lines the caveolae. The central role of endocytosis is well exhibited in receptor regulation, neurotransmitters and the delivery of drugs and also endocytosis can be in other forms which are pinnocytosis and phagocytosis (Liang et al., 2010). With respect to receptor-mediated endocytosis, a specific receptor on the cell surface binds to the extracellular molecule (Ligand). The area which contains the receptor- ligand complex goes through endocytosis by becoming a vesicle.

Increase of calcium ions which is released from sarcoplasmic reticulum or enters from extracellular fluid; the next step is for the calcium ions bind to the calmodulin this forms calcium-calmodulin complex which activates an enzyme. This enzyme th

Third, balance water and mineral intake and or control the secretion of water and minerals such as sodium, calcium, potassium, and chloride. Fourth, as the excretion of waste products of the ingredients, such as urea, uric acid, sulfate, and creatinin. In the medical world, there are two kinds of kidney failure, i.e., acute and chronic.

Each sensory receptor in the skin connects with a neuron in the central nervous system through various relay neurons. Along the way, sensations are converted into electrical signals. The neurons on this pathway delineate the contralateral. These signals travel along axons to the central nervous system. Their journey is comprised of being transmitted through the spinal cord, past the medulla where they cross, through the thalamus, and finally to the parietal lobes, specifically the postcentral gyrus.

Dendritic cells ‘present’ antigens to T cells, causing T cells to proliferate into either helper T cells, which aid B cell activation, or cytotoxic T cells, which leave the lymph node via the efferent vessels (Milling n. d.) to areas of antigenic activity in the body. Juxtaposition of B and T cells with dendritic cells is essential for their activation (Mondino et al 1996). The medulla contains B cells, macrophages, and antibody-producing plasma cells which have migrated from the cortex, all embedded within a reticular fibre and cell network. From the medullary sinuses, the filtered lymph drains into one or two efferent lymphatic vessels located at the hilum (depression in the concave side of the ‘bean shape’) (blood vessels also enter and exit the node here). Valves in the efferent vessels direct lymph out of the node, along with antibodies secreted by plasma cells and cytotoxic T cells.

Each of these lobes has different functions from each other. On the other hand, the neurotransmitters are the information carriers, they carry electrochemical signals to and from the brain throughout the entire body in human beings. Then, we have the nervous system which can actually be divided into two parts, the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS) where the brain and spinal cord are parts of the CNS. The PNS can still be divided into two specific parts, the somatic nervous system (SNS) and the autonomic nervous system (ANS). While the SNS directs the movements of the skeletal muscles, the ANS regulates involuntary processes such as the heart beating, breathing, blood pressure, and blood sugar level.

The exact mechanism of action of ADH remained obscure until 1990, when Peter Agre discovered a class of protein channels, now called aquaporins, which selectively allow water molecules to cross the cell membrane. ADH activates a G-protein coupled receptor on these epithelial cells, triggering an influx of calcium ions, the activation of Protein Kinase C, and the translocation of aquaporins to the cell surface leading to enhanced water reuptake. Oxytocin has two main functions. First, it triggers uterine contractions when a pregnant woman goes into labor. Second, it promotes the movement of milk from the breast ducts to the nipple by stimulating the contraction of myoepithelial cells lining the ducts.

An example would be between a neuron (brain cell) and a muscle (receptor cell). The neuron would release chemicals to a nearby muscle that would

It haunted me to the point I didn 't hear my dads usual commentary on my game. I kept thinking about it until I came to the conclusion that if I couldn 't play as fast as I used to I would have to make up for it in some way. The next day at practice I watched some of the defenders that were typically slower than most of our offenders to see how they overcame their lack of speed. I saw that a lot of them played tighter on their respective opponents and didn 't allow them a chance to turn at all so a foot race couldn 't be started. I tried that tactic but couldn 't quite get it.

It is important to note that accelerometers measure changes in acceleration, not damage to the brain. The only way to check for a concussion on the field is to remove the player from the game and search for the symptoms (“Concussion”). Introduction to Topic Our topic was to research accelerometers that are not attached to a helmet. This is important because concussions are quite common in sports

Concussions and head injuries are a huge deal in the game of football. If I had the chance to create a college course on anything I wanted, I think I would try to solve, or at least help this deadly problem. I obviously know that there are already classes researching brain and head injuries and the impact of hits on football players brains, but I think that new course could be created. The students taking this course would not only do research on the injuries, but they would find out how to fix them. One might say it is a mix of a medical course and an engineering course, focused specifically on head injuries in football.

Cortisol is a steroid hormone, the main glucocorticoid hormone made in the cortex of adrenal glands. It is responsible for regulating the metabolism of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. Cortisol is responsible for maintenance of homeostasis. Cortisol is a stress hormone that releases under severe stress. It is released in moments of stressed, whether emotionally, physically, or environmentally.