In chapters six and nine of Annotations, Professor Bazian provides a historical analysis of the dichotomies within race (in Confronting Race in America ch.9) and religion and philosophies (in “Islamic Reformation” and the West living in Our Minds ch.6). In chapter six, he explores the idea of an “Islamic Reformation,” a European idea inspired by Martin Luther’s actions and his disagreement with the Catholic Church. There has been a push for “Islamic Reformation” on the basis of political and social reformation. But as previously noted, this idea was initially introduced by Europeans. Professor Bazian argues that the way this “Reformation” has been constructed is critical because it was initiated by an external agent and it is based on a European
A hate crime is defined as a “ crime committed because of
A hate crime is defined as a “ crime committed because
The killings of Eric Garner, Tamir Rice, Alton Sterling, Philando Castile, and a plethora of other Black Americans have shown that the manifestation of hate and fear towards individuals of color is still deeply rooted in the American culture. Furthermore, the systematic maltreatment of groups of people in America has extended far beyond just the black community; it has become painfully clear that members of the LGBTQ, Latinx, and Islamic communities are facing a similar level of
The fact that hate crime is deemed a major problem for a nation makes the Mathew Sheppard and James Byrd act to be implemented at all levels. This act is implemented at the local, state and federal level within a nation. This because the federal. Local, federal and state authorities join forces during investigations and prosecution of these hate crimes to protect the entire nation from violence evolving due to hate among people. Therefore, to mitigate expansion of hate crimes in the nation all authorities are given the power by Mathew Sheppard’s act to prevent hate crimes and prosecuting
The U.S. later legalized it in 2009. This act augmented penalties for crimes perpetrated against one’s ethnicity, nationality, language, religion, age, disability, sexual identity, or sexual preference. Today, the Hate Crimes Prevention Act is “effectively recognizing the importance of prosecuting violence motivated by racism or other bias-related crimes” (2). The act serves as evidence of progress towards equality. The government is saying that all men are created equal and should be treated in the same manner, and if one chooses to oppose this proposition, they will encounter strict
-Hate crimes, are not justifiable the reason why is because they’re, ‘bias.’ The definition of a ‘Hate Crime’ on page 604 is defined as “a bias related crime, committed against an individual that is motivated by bias regarding race, color, religion, disability, and sexual orientation.” Committing a crime just because of the color, sexuality, religion, or disability of a person isn’t justifiable. The reason why it’s not justifiable is because, the person committing the hate crime wouldn’t want someone else, to commit such an act towards themself.
According to Gerstenfeld, hate crimes “may or may not include sexual orientation, gender, national origin, physical or mental disability, age, or political affiliation.” Some argue that every group should be protected by hate crime legislation, but this runs the risk of watering down the significance of such protections. The groups that are most frequently targeted by hate crimes including African Americans, gays and lesbians, Jews, and Muslims should be prioritized over other groups. Historically, the most targeted groups in the United States are African Americans, LGBT community, Jews, and Muslims. These groups are undoubtedly in the most need for protections provided by hate crime laws.
In this article, Jacobs successfully makes his argument by remaining objective, appealing more toward the ethos and logos of the reader, and limiting emotional language. Jacobs aims his article toward lawmakers and voters. Motives are subjective and based on many factors; therefore, Jacobs argues that basing hate crime off of motive does not only create hardships but also flaws. He continues his argument by looking at rights given to the people from the First Amendment. According to the First Amendment, people possess many freedoms including the freedom of speech; however, Jacobs argues how hate crimes
Currently, the United State’s criterion on Speech includes, “obscenity, fraud, child pornography, harassment, incitement to illegal conduct and imminent lawless action, true threats, and commercial speech such as advertising, copyright or patent rights” (Gaudefroy 3). However, speech involving discriminatory words or racial intentions are protected by the law. To avoid instances that degrade the minority group, stricter rules need to be enforced on the delicate topic. Restrictions on hate speech should include usage of “misogynistic, homophobic, racist, and conspiracy-laden language” (Gaudefroy 3). Efforts to restrict these types of beliefs would create a more safe and equal society for all individuals.
I believe that restricting hate speech can influence violence because the public would learn to care for one another. Although the first amendment protects freedom of speech, there should be limitations. The hate speech can turn into dangerous speech as it raises bigger ethical issues because it is conveyed publicly and loudly. Ethical issues affect us all in society not just the person being victimized. If we had restrictions in how people express themselves about others, people will tend to be more careful about what they say or publish on social media.
Welcome to the twenty-first century where fingers are ruthlessly pointed at individuals primarily for being different. This generation is no different from the generation of 1692 during the Salem Witch Trials. As human beings, people allow fear to take over and negatively impact their actions. Just as in The Crucible, people miraculously imprisoned and executed innocent citizens because of the fear that they were witches. Shirley Jackson explains how, “We have exactly the same thing to be afraid of - the demon in men's minds which prompts hatred and anger and fear, an irrational demon which shows a different face to every generation.”
In the recent news, everyone’s heard of the rise in hate crime. Most hate crime is “motivated by racial, sexual, or other prejudice, typically one involving violence,” (Dictionary.com). Hate crimes have spanned across the country and impact thousands of lives each year. The FBI started investigating hate crimes at the turn of the 20th century. The FBI define hate crime as, “criminal offense against a person or property motivated in whole or in part by an offender’s bias against a race, religion, disability, sexual orientation, ethnicity, gender, or gender identity,” (FBI).
Hate Speech What exactly is hate speech and is it protected by the Constitution? Hate speech is a claim against someone or a body of people if that person or body of people are saying something that the one who makes the claims disagrees with as a way to silence the opposition by making them look bad. What is hate speech? Well according to amerca.org "Hate speech is speech that offends, threatens, or insults groups, based on race, religion, national origin, sexual orientation, disability, or other traits." Hate speech is not hate crime.
looks at how it ultimately affects society and targeted groups. There are a myriad of arguments for and against the allowance of hate speech. Some citing Democracy and the first amendment others stem from the fear of eroded freedoms of expression and have valid points, but ultimately, it corrodes society’s human rights and freedoms. The two fold issue being intolerance of the freedom of self-determination and the fact that some are born a color or culture and have no choice. Therefore, hate speech is anti-social and damaging to society as a whole.
