I think there are four main connections that can be made between this piece and the U.S policies in 1830, and all four points are about the four distinct groups present in the piece. The group on the far left is putting up a cross, which symbolizes both how Europeans moved west to spread Christianity and also symbolizes that the actions taken were made in the name of Christianity. In 1830 people, including Jeremiah Evarts were still trying to convert the Native Americans; despite trying to convert the natives, Evarts was firmly against the Indian Removal Act. I think that the piece above represents the conflicting nature of Evarts argument that the natives were people; however, they still needed to assimilate to a certain degree before they
This story of the Seminoles’ struggles for identity and sovereignty is a microcosm of the true horrors inflicted on Indian nations by the federal government. The Seminoles remarkably defied federal, state, and local government pressures of removal in the early nineteenth century. They also disputed Creek insistence on tribal consolidation, and other Indian nation claims to their property. Among the federal tactics were the illegal removals, and treaties that meant little to the federal government when land, as part of Manifest Destiny, and wealth the federal government sought entered the equation. The Seminoles also endured the paternalism, coercion tactics, and pressures from Bureau of Indian Affairs agents who made promises to them that were frequently broken.
In Andrew Jackson’s message “On Indian Removal,” he used diction to create an uplifting tone. For example, in his first line he chose those words, “It gives me pleasure to announce to congress that the benevolent policy of the Government, steadily pursued for nearly thirty years, in relation to the removal of the Indians beyond the white settlements is approaching to a happy consummation.” In addition, he said,”It will separate the Indians from immediate contact with settlements of whites; free them from the power of the States; enable them to pursue happiness in their own way and under their own rude institutions; will retard the progress of decay, which is lessening their numbers, and perhaps cause them gradually, under the protection of the Government and through the influence of good counsels, to cast off their savage habits and become an interesting, civilized, and Christian community.” Lastly, he wrote, “To save him from this alternative, or perhaps utter annihilation, the General Government kindly offers him a new home, and proposes to pay the whole expense of his removal and settlement.” Jackson chose his words such as: “it gives
Andrew Jackson, John Marshall, and The Trail of Tears There have been many dark times in our History as Americans. Among them is the Trail of Tears,brought upon by Andrew Jackson, which exiled the Indians from the American south and resulted in the death of thousands on the way to Oklahoma. Before this trying time there was speculation within the supreme court whether to treat the Native tribes as a sovereign foreign nation or as a dependent entity within the United States. I will discuss how these decisions came to be, the reactions to said decisions, and the aftermath of these rulings which inevitably leads to the Trail of Tears.
While fighting for independence from Britain, the United States created Indian agencies to guarantee neutrality among the Indians. In 1789, the United States Congress placed Indian affairs, including negotiating treaties, under the War Department. The Bureau of Indian Affairs was later established in 1824 to administer "the fund for the civilization of Indians ... under the regulations established by the department. " The Bureau helped represent Indians in the government, including recommendations to laws and treaties on behalf of them. The Bureau would also facilitate the federal government 's objective of acquiring Indian land by making them move to reservations.
In the case of Worchester v. Georgia, presented in 1832, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of the Cherokees. As the Chief Justice said, the states’ actions towards the Cherokees were “repugnant to the Constitution, law, and treaties of the United States.” However, Andrew Jackson and the states ignored the ruling. As a result, in 1838 the American Indians were forced out of their homes and shoved into diseased stockades. After years of fighting and struggling for their rights, the Cherokees lost everything due to a misuse of power.
In 1830 Andrew Jackson signed the Indian removal Act. This gave the government power to exchange native land in the east for land in the west. The land in the west was called the Indian colonization zone and was located in northeastern Oklahoma. Native Indian were tricked and agreed to travel to Oklahoma with the Treaty of New Echota. The agreement was for ceding Indian land for money.
The Indian Removal Act was signed in 1830 by President Andrew Jackson to remove the Cherokee Indians from their homes and force them to settle west of the Mississippi River. The act was passed in hopes to gain agrarian land that would replenish the cotton industry which had plummeted after the Panic of 1819. Andrew Jackson believed that effectively forcing the Cherokees to become more civilized and to christianize them would be beneficial to them. Therefore, he thought the journey westward was necessary. In late 1838, the Cherokees were removed from their homes and forced into a brutal journey westward in the bitter cold.
We will first talk about the Cherokee history, and then about the Indian Removal Act and treaty, which happened between 1827 and 1836. Next, we will evoke the removal that took place in 1838, and then the main point of this paper, the Trail of Tears, between 1838 and 1839. We will end with the conclusion. II. Cherokee history When the white Europeans arrived in the 16th century, the Cherokee were growing tribe with a population that kept
The Indian Removal Act In the beginning, The United States recognized Indian tribes as separate nations of people entitled to their own lands that could only be obtained from them through treaties. Due to inexorable pressures of expansion, settlement, and commerce, however, treaties made with good intentions were often perceived as unsustainable within just a few years. The Indians felt betrayed and frequently reacted with violence when land promised to them forever was taken away. For the most part, however, they directed their energies toward maintaining their tribal identity while living in the new order. The United States under the leadership of President Andrew Jackson dealt with settling the Indians the most humane possible way, for
The conflict between the Americans and the Natives for the Native’s lands caused the government to created an Act to move the Natives. This compromise was the Indian Removal Act, “An Act to provide for an exchange of lands with the Indians residing in any of the states or territories and for their removals west of the river Mississippi” (United). The Act was passed on May 30, 1830 (Removal), and moved the Natives’ across the country from Georgia to Oklahoma (adamelhamouden). The Removal Act was for all Indians, but there were many other treaties that the government used to move the Natives. The Cherokees used the Treaty of New Echota.
On July 17, 1830, the Cherokee nation published an appeal to all of the American people. United States government paid little thought to the Native Americans’ previous letters of their concerns. It came to the point where they turned to the everyday people to help them. They were desperate. Their withdrawal of their homeland was being caused by Andrew Jackson signing the Indian Removal Act into law on May 28, 1830.
When the Europeans began colonizing the New World, they had a problematic relationship with the Native Americans. The Europeans sought to control a land that the Natives inhabited all their lives. They came and decided to take whatever they wanted regardless of how it affected the Native Americans. They legislated several laws, such as the Indian Removal Act, to establish their authority. The Indian Removal Act had a negative impact on the Native Americans because they were driven away from their ancestral homes, forced to adopt a different lifestyle, and their journey westwards caused the deaths of many Native Americans.
The author, Seybert provide an article informing the reader about Native American slaves’ and the series of events that occurred after the arrival of the Europeans. Before the Europeans arrived, some of the Native tribal groups would capture the Indian slaves and use them for small-scale labor and ritual sacrifice. Indian slaves were treated as if they were part of the Native American tribe. For example, The Creek treated both tribal members and slave children as if they were full members (Seybert, 1). Most importantly the Native Americans did not buy and sell the Indian captives, and if they did it was usually for peace gesture or an exchange of a member.
After imposing political and military action on urging the Native American Indians from the southern states of America, President Andrew Jackson decided it was time to enact the Indian Removal Act of 1830. The Indian Removal act of 1830 proclaimed that all Native Americans living east of the Mississippi River were to be forced to move west of the Mississippi River where the region of the Louisiana Purchase remained. This land set aside for these Native Americans was known as the “Indian colonization zone”. Because some of the Indian tribes refused to leave their homelands, “As a result, wars broke about between the U.S. Government and Indian Tribes”(xbox360). The Indian Removal Act was originally created to have the Native Americans vacate
