I said at the beginning of this chapter that I was uneasy about talking about Freud and the above is one of the reasons. I do not understand the above theory, and probably this is why I do not agree with the idea of the Oedipus and Electra complex and consequently, I will not discuss the pro and against arguments here. However, those of you interested in this topic will find many websites addressing it. Let me now mention the Little Hans case study which is, again, is well described by Samuel McLeod (2008). Little Hans was a 5-year-old boy with a phobia of horses. Apparently, Freud’s therapeutic input in this case was minimal. His main aim was to explore what factors might have led to the phobia in the first place, and what factors led to …show more content…
Hans' father interpreted this as a reference to his moustache and spectacles. After many letters were exchanged, Freud concluded that the boy was afraid that his father would castrate him for desiring his mother, the horses in the phobia Freud saw as being symbolic of the father, and that Hans feared that the horse (father) would bite (castrate) him as punishment for the incestuous desires towards his mother. The end of Hans' phobia of horses was accompanied by two significant fantasies which he told to his father. In the first, Hans had several imaginary children. When asked who their mother was, Hans replied 'Why, mummy, and you're their Granddaddy'. In the second fantasy, which occurred the next day, Hans imagined that a plumber had come and first removed his bottom and widdler and then gave him another one of each, but larger. Freud interpreted Han’s phobia as an expression of the Oedipus complex. Horses, particularly horses with black harnesses, symbolized his father and they were particularly suitable father-symbols because of their large
Fear was the most common characteristic among all the characters in the book. They all shared the same fear which is the fear of exposing to
Imagine that someone is just a child who has survived a plane crash and landed on an isolated island with no adults. He has no experience in taking care of himself and must figure out how to establish order without turning against another. This is the dilemma that the children in The Lord of the Flies by: William Golding have found themselves in, so one can picture the fear that comes with this more than unfavorable situation. In the novel, the theme of fear is shown most distinctly through the symbols of the Lord of the Flies, the beast, and the conch.
Once we learn what fear is, it sticks with us for life, or in the narrator's words, “It was the burden of being alive” (104). Just like all the other intangible burdens, fear is inescapable and a part of being alive, of being human. “Imagination was a killer” (100) says Jimmy. For example, when one of his men had to go into a tunnel they just blew up and check it out. All of the other men would station themselves around the hole, “imagining cobwebs and ghosts, whatever was down there- the tunnel walls squeezing in-...”
Originally from Austria, Sigmund Freud was a trained neurologist who was particularly interested in the human psyche. Over many years, Freud developed a theory to explain human behavior, what we refer to now as “Freudian Psychology.” First, he divided the mind into three levels, and used the analogy of an iceberg to help others understand it. On the surface, Freud identified the Conscious. It is here that most of our decision making and ideas are processed.
Piggy still fears the adults even when they are nowhere near, likewise we are the same. For instance the fear of hights follows you no matter where you stand however you still fear heights. For instance, Percival Wemys Madison tried to hold the only thing that kept him civil, who he is. As he becomes one of the hunters he transforms from civil to savage. Once the officers come to rescue
In the novel, Lord of the Flies, William Golding places imaginary characters on an isolated island to test humanity without outside influences. It explores the id of human nature- the darkness encompassed in every individual. The profound theme of this novel is the struggle between civilization and savagery, and the author uses symbolism to signify this theme. Golding uses the Conch, Piggy’s specs and the Beast to reflect characteristics of humanity to demonstrate the themes of opposing parts of the human condition. To begin with, the first symbol that becomes evident is the conch shell.
I was afraid of walking away from…everything that mattered to me. I feared losing the respect of my parent…ridicule and censure” (O’Brien 42). The thought that he might lose respect from his parents, town and friends propelled him to go to war, and harbored it in him throughout the war. Additionally, “the soldier's greatest fear, which was the fear of blushing,” was heavy on their minds (O’Brien 21). “They were afraid of dying but they were even more afraid to show it" (O’Brien 20).
Psychoanalysis, founded by Sigmund Freud, is a type of therapy which aims to make the unconscious mind conscious by releasing repressed emotions . In this type of therapy, they believe the patient’s condition can be determined by any repressed memories of childhood as well as any conflict between their conscious and subconscious which can result in these mental illnesses. We also now know of the Oedipus and Electra complex, both based on two great Greek plays (one of which this essay is about). The Oedipus complex concerns a son’s desire for his mother and his competition with his father for her attention whereas the Electra complex is the female version of this and involves a daughter’s competition with her mother for her father’s attention and love . The themes of madness in The Bough Breaks are thought to be caused by the gods as well as Agamemnon’s ghost, but now we can analyse these symptoms of madness using psychoanalysis but also show that the Electra complex is
In Twain’s book he tells about a time when Huckleberry Finn and Jim go to a boat wreck. Jim has a really bad and sick feeling about going and he tries to talk Huck into turning back around. Jim is afraid someone is going to catch him because getting caught would mean him getting lynched. Further down the page it tells us, “Jim whispered and said he was feeling a powerful sick, and just told me to come along” (Twain 74). Solomon Northrup also experiences fear because of his education.
This caused more fear to Ralph. All Ralph could do was run and try to strategize. Overtime you can see someone's fear rather they tell you or they just show you and you find out. There are multiple fears out in the world but the main fears in this novel are fear of the unknown, and fear of not
Oates passage helps understand Freud's concepts of what the uncanny is through familiar and unfamiliar descriptions of this character. Freud's proposition of the uncanny demonstrates Arnold
Freud’s psychoanalytical theory, while having some credence, cannot be taken into account in its entirety because this case study on Little Hans was non-scientific. Further, while persons with phobias would most likely recall early childhood distressing occurrences, this theory pays little or no attention to the environmental factors which may have led to the development of phobias. His study was also biased and debatable because his findings were based solely on second hand information from Hans’ father. Therefore his findings could not be generalized to a wider population.
“The child, it is true, plays by himself or forms a closed psychical system with other children for the purposes of a game; but even though he may not play his game in front of the grown-ups, he does not, on the other hand, conceal it from them.” (class notes). The Rocking Horse winner, when analyzed through a Psychoanalytical perspective, it is clear that the theories regarding the Oedipus complex, the different zones of the psyche, whereby it be Id, ego or superego and the way in which infantile behaviour can be explained, are all major elements in this text. These elements are put forth to help better understand the way in which our psyche works as well as why decisions are made the way they are and the consequences there
Psychoanalytic Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) is reflected as the forefathers of psychology and founder of psychoanalysis. Based on Freud’s theories, psychoanalytic therapy is a type of treatment that tends to observe at the background from early childhood to perceive if these situations have affected the individual’s life, or to current issues. (Counselling Directory, 2014) This therapy discovers how the unconscious mind empowers thoughts and behaviors, with the purpose of offering insight and resolution to the person seeking therapy. This form of therapy is a long-term treatment whereby it can take duration up to weeks, months or even years depending on the complexity of the patient being explored.
Greenberg (1986) believes Freud’s case studies do not place enough stress on revealing the outcome of the treatment and that Freud’s aim was more to illustrate his theoretical points (p.240). In cases, Greenberg asserts that many of the presented cases would not even be considered acceptable examples of psychoanalysis and, in short, that virtually all of the cases studies had basic shortcomings (p.240). Furthermore, many other powerful criticisms about Freud inaccurate and subsequently flawed evidence have been published. These critics contend that Freud’s evidence is flawed due to the lack of an experiment, the lack of a control group, and the lack of observations that went unrecorded (Colby, 1960, p.54).