Civil Disobedience in the 1920’s and 1930’s Throughout the entirety of the world’s history, civil disobedience can be viewed in many forms and styles. During the 1920’s leading to the Second Great War, which is also known as World War II, one country stood out above the rest in terms of doing what’s best for the nation. I adamantly believe Wilde’s claims of civil disobedience as a valuable human trait to be true. For example, Germany was at the lowest at the start of the 1920’s. Due to Germany losing in World War I (1914-1918), the German nation had to pay for War Reparations to the victors of the war. In the years after, Germany faced a crisis of inflation and hyperinflation under the Weimar Republic, which in turn led the German people to live in poverty. As poverty spread throughout Germany, middle-class Germans and the working class began to see their monthly wages become worthless and entire savings vanishing. By 1924 and 1929, the Great Depression increased Germany’s unemployment rate by the millions overnight similar to the United States at the time. In November of 1923, one german man led an unsuccessful rebellion, which is known as the Beer hall Putsch. This man and his associates planned to seize Munich and march against the …show more content…
As the British empire passed the Salt Acts, which taxed the production of Indian salt, the outcome heavily affected India’s lower class. On March 12, 1930, Gandhi and his followers began a mass civil disobedience march known as the Salt March; it led to a breakout of civil disobedience of India’s people. Gandhi was later arrested for instigating civil disobedience throughout the nation. In January 1931, Gandhi was released and later met with British leaders, who acknowledged his determination and mass movement. India finally acquired independence in August
Starting in the 1870s, countries in Africa such as Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa, and India, Vietnam, in Asia were being colonized by the British. In order to gain their independence back they took non-violent and militant actions. Though both strategies were successful one was more successful that the other. Non-violent actions were successful in peacefully getting the countries independence. In document 1, a letter written by Mahatma Gandhi to lord Irwin in 1930 before marching to the sea and breaking the British Salt Tax he states, “Even the salt the peasants must use to live is so taxed as to make the burden fall heaviest on him…
For many years India struggled greatly for their independence. The three major events in the Indian fight against British rule were: the Golden Temple Massacre, the Salt March, and the homespun movement. During the Temple Massacre British and Gurkha troops killed at least 379 unarmed Indians meeting at the Jallianwala Bagh, to discuss nonviolent resistance and protest. However, the British had passed a law that said they were forbidden from encouraging and having meetings about nonviolent protests. The Salt March, which took place in India, was an act of civil disobedience.
One of the main factors was hyperinflation. This is when prices increase while value of money decrease. According to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, hyperinflation caused a depression, which undermined, “the stability of the German economy.” Jobs were hard to find and didn’t pay enough even when you had one. This caused the people of Germany to be in desperate need of help from anyone who could offer it.
3) Civil Disobedience is the disagreement to follow the laws and stand against them through peaceful demonstrations. In the early 1900’s women were treated lower than men, they were abused, and were not given the right to vote. Women’s rights to own property, and take part in politics were violated. Nellie McClung, a social activist voiced her opinion and stood up against the government to give women equal rights as men; provide them with the right to vote. Civil disobedience was used by Nellie McClung to attain her goals.
As Oscar Wilde said, “ It is through disobedience that progress has been made-- disobedience and rebellion.” Disobedience during the American Revolution was originally peaceful, but as grievances grew and British rule became harsher, Americans could no longer sit idly by. Radical disobedience to the law was necessary in order to promote change for American society. During the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960’s, a drastic nonviolent movement was necessary to counteract the expectation of violence, reiterating to Americans that peaceful resistance to laws can positively affect a free society. The Civil Rights movement was split by two factions: one was a violent resistance named The Black Panthers and the other was a nonviolent protest led by Martin Luther King Jr.
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was a lawyer and fought for the India’s rights to make salt on non-violent protest. Gandhi began his defiant march to the sea to protest the British monopoly on salt, his boldest act of civil disobedience yet against British rule in India. Gandhi had planned to work at the salt flats on the beach, encrusted with crystallized sea salt at every high tide, but the police had forestalled Gandhi by crushing the salt deposits into the mud. Gandhi reached down and picked up a small lump of natural salt out of the mud–and British law had been defied. At Dandi, thousands more followed his lead, and in the coastal cities of Bombay and Karachi, Indian nationalists led crowds of citizens in making salt.
1.9 million people were unemployed and the agricultural industry had been in decline. The decline of the agricultural industry led to salaries below the 44% national average. The reduction of salaries had severe consequences on the farmers who were already suffering from debts. This had a wide scale impact on German society for farmers covering 1/3 of the German population. This period had been superficial stability due to the German economy’s dependence on foreign loans, high unemployment rates and economic instability
Hitler noticed that currency had collapsed and wanted to do something to steal power. With the help of Rohm, Hitler lead the S.A to a beer hall in Bavaria where local government leaders were having a meeting. They captured the politicians and Hitler took charge. Police eventually opened fire and the Beer Hall putsch failed. As a result of this attempt to secure support of the army in Bavaria, Rohm was imprisoned.
Fascism under Mussolini and Nazism under Hitler started to rise in Europe during the interwar periods. Both totalitarian governments brought great impact to their nations and international peace, which eventually led to the outbreak of WWII. The German economy suffered severe setbacks after the end of World War I, partly because of reparations payments required under the 1919 Treaty of Versailles. The government printed money to make the payments and to repay the country's war debt; the resulting hyperinflation led to inflated prices for consumer goods, economic chaos, and food riots.
On November 11th 1918(the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month), the First World War officially ended. So this day Allies (France, Britain and USA) had a great joy. However not all the nations had fall in gladness. On this day nations of Germany had to feel anger and frustration. Also they had agreed (Armistice) to stop fighting during the terms of peace were consulted.
It was one of the most economic crisis of all time. The depression was the worst plummet in history. It began in the united states but quickly became a worldwide known problem. The Depression hit hardest those nations that were most deeply indebted to the United States, Germany and Great Britain. In Germany, unemployment rose beginning in late 1929, and by early 1932 it had reached 6 million workers, or 25 percent of the work force.
Irish author Oscar Wilde claimed that disobedience is a valuable human trait, and that it promotes social progress; thus, without it, social progress would not be made. Civil disobedience is to social progress as hard work is to academic success. With hard work comes academic success, and with civil disobedience comes social progress. Though some see disobedience as a negative trait, it is what has promoted social progress in history by challenging social standards and requiring new social rules to be made. Civil disobedience challenges social standards by expanding views on the current guidelines.
India’s leader Mohandas Gandhi (Mahatma Gandhi) was influenced by David Thoreau 's Civil Disobedience arguments while sitting in jail. Gandhi loosely adopted the term “civil disobedience” for non-violent protests and refused to cooperate with injustice. Following his release, he protested the registration law by joining labor strikes and organizing a large non-violent march. After the marches, the Boer government finally agreed to end the most divisive sections of the law. In 1907, he campaigned in South Africa and wrote a translated synopsis of Thoreau 's argument for the Indian Opinion.
At the sea, Gandhi picked up a handful of salt. This act went against the British law mandating that they buy salt from their government and this law did not allow them to collect their own salt. That act was made to let the British government know that the Indian people were tired of being under Britain’s rule and they were tired of following all of the unjust laws that were
Gandhi Broke The Salt Law on April 6, 1930, it sparked large as a civil disobedience against The British Raj, Salt laws, over 8000 people were jailed for supporting Gandhi 's beliefs about non violence. The reason I assume this act shows how Civil Disobedience is a Moral Responsibility of the citizen because Gandhi did what he thought was right not only for himself but for others and made a stand for the people of India and broke the law to be heard and now the country of Indian has their Independence because of his actions. Additionally this provides Moral Responsibility since Gandhi thought that Marching with the Indian people his actions would not only be the best for him but for his