CHAPTER3
ALGORITHM OF VEDIC MULTIPLIER
3.1 HISTORY
Vedic mathematics, a part of four Vedas (books of wisdom) is a subunit of Sthapatya- Veda (book on civil engineering and architecture).The Sthapatya Veda also known as Maharishi vastu architecture (MVA) is derived from‘Atharva Veda’. It explains various modern mathematical terms which includes arithmetic, geometrical concepts such as planes and coordinates, trigonometry. In addition to that they also deal with quadratic equations, factorization and even calculus. Shree Bharathi Krishna Tirthaji (1884-1960) gathered all his work together and gave it a mathematical explanation while discussing it for various applications. Swamiji, after doing a thorough research,
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In the proposed work, same idea is applied to the binary number system to make the proposed algorithm compatible with the digital hardware.
3.2.1 Urdhva Triyagbhyam
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3.2.1.2. BASIC ALGORITHM FOR 4 X4 BIT VM USING URDHVA TIRYAKBHYAM SUTRA (VERTICALLY AND CROSSWISE) FOR TWO BINARY NUMBERS –
CP = Cross Product
X3 X2 X1 X0 Multiplicand
Y3 Y2 Y1 Y0 Multiplier
H G F E D C B A
P7 P6 P5 P4 P3 P2 P1 P0 Product
PARALLEL COMPUTATION METHODOLOGY
1. CP X0 = X0 * Y0 = A
Y0
2. CP X1 X0 = X1 * Y0+X0 * Y1 = B
Y1 Y0
3. CP X2 X1 X0 = X2 * Y0 +X0 * Y2 +X1 * Y1 = C
Y2 Y1 Y0
4. CP X3 X2 X1 X0 = X3 * Y0 +X0 * Y3+X2 * Y1 +X1 * Y2 = D
Y3 Y2 Y1 Y0
5. CP X3 X2 X1 = X3 * Y1+X1 * Y3+X2 * Y2 = E
Y3 Y2 Y1
6. CP X3 X2 = X3 * Y2+X2 * Y3 = F
Y3 Y2
7 CP X3 = X3 * Y3 = G
Marsha McMillen Unit 5 Math Discussion After researching the metric system uses in the medical field, I found quite a few uses just used in the billing and coding field. It is used for cost, production to reduce supply and labor costs, clinical performance, such as quality of patient care, also called “patient outcome” data. Other uses are, Patient Safety, nearly 100,000 Americans die each year, because of medical mistakes, that happened during their stay at the hospital, these accidents can lead to longer recoveries and permanent disabilities. We use metrics in-patient surveys after treatment/release, to measure patient satisfaction of their care.
In the demonstration, we only add a 2-bit (a0,b0) with another 2-bit binary (a1,b1) together. In the first picture on the last section of the Figures/Graphs, we added 01 and 00 together and the result was 01; the first LED on the right turns ON and the second LED is stilled turned OFF. In the last two pictures, 01 + 00 = 10 (the second LED turned on and the first one was OFF) and 11 + 11 = 110; the LED indicate this long results, the carry out was 1 and the sum (s1, s0) was 1 and 0. This circuit allowed us to understand the idea of full adders ICs which can be used in electronics like computers, tablets, etc. to add binaries together to perform specific functions and desired
Once both of these steps are complete take both of the answers and add them together. Once that is completed and if it is a number divisible by 10 then the check digit would be 0 seeing that the overall product of the barcode must be a number divisible by ten. If it is says 65 then the check digit must 5 to make the number 70 which is evenly divided by
[■(1&1&-2@3&-1&0@3&3&1)] □(→┴(R_2-3R_1&R_3-3R_1 ) ) [■(1&1&-2@0&-4&6@0&0&7)] □(→┴(-1/4 R_2 ) ) [■(1&1&-2@0&1&2⁄3@0&0&7)] →┴(R_1-R_2 ) [■(1&0&(-8)⁄3@0&1&2⁄3@0&0&7)] →┴( 1/7 R_2 )
-x \) And \( \ r(x) = x \) Using the inverse steps introduced in Task 1a the process will be as follows \( \ r(x) = -x \)
This can be done directly by giving similar datatypes and now the value is multiplied with 3. The next thing is to have the sum value of all the three input signals, after the sum division has to take place. In division, minimum value multiplied with 3 goes into the nominator and the sum value goes into the denominator. Since the nominator is greater than the denominator division
For example; M = 4 bits, N = 16 bits If P(j) = 1 (Propagation); then Group(j) will be skipped X(j): m-bits of group (j) Y(j): m-bits of group (j) Cin(j): Carry in to group(j) Cout(j) = Cin(j+1): Carry out of group(j) = Carry in to next group(j+1) (j): Group(j) consisting of m-bits numbers to add Fig 5.14: Carry Skip Adder Block diagram Table 5.3: Carry out Cases Table Case Xi Yi Xi + Yi Ci+1 Comment Ci = 0 Ci = 1 1 0 0 0
Basic Operators Besides assigning a variable an initial value, we can also perform the usual mathe- matical operations on variables. Basic operators in Python include +, -, *, /, //, % and ** which represent addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, floor divi- sion, modulus and exponent respectively. Example: Suppose x = 5, y = 2 Addition:
iv. Which activities will be done in this phase? 1. Backup old system. 2.
Critically Looking at Art: Audrey Flack - Marilyn (Vanitas) My immediate response to Audrey Flack’s Marilyn (Vanitas) is awe and curiosity. It is a beautiful work of art with vibrant colors and interesting still life items. The painting is realistic but also has a surreal quality.
Did you know that Sebastian Vizcaino named Monterey Bay California after the Spanish Viceroy conde de Monterey. Is Sebastian Vizcaino was born and extra min to Spain in 1548 he was born into a rich family emergency later and his life he became a Spanish merchant / adventure he is mainly famous for mapping out and naming many of the places along coastline but he is also famous for being named General of the manilla galleons. Sebastian Vizcaino was born in 1548 and extra min to Spain he was born into a very rich family of merchants. He married Magdalena Martinez orejon in 1590 and had 3 kids, juan who was born in 1591, Lorenzo was born in 1592, and Anna who was born in 1593.
Kerridge et.al (2009), developed an ethical decision making model made up of seven steps to guide a social worker to identify both ethical issues and to evaluate the values of the identified issues (Kerridge et.al, 2009). This model is applied to the three options that are elaborated and illustrated in Appendix’s B. C. and D. The first step in the model is to ‘clearly state the problem’ which is the argument of self-determination and own wishes versus Sophie’s mother’s wishes and the law. This elicits questions such as ‘Is a sixteen year old girl mature enough to make the decision of termination?’
Also known as the Council of India, it was composed of four advisors to the Governor-General at Fort William. He went to India in 1834 and served as a member of the Supreme Council of India between 1834 and 1838. He was also appointed as president of the General Committee of Public Instruction. In this position, he oversaw major educational and legal reforms. It is during this period that he introduced his famous “Minute on Indian Education” on February 2, 1835 in which he supported the education of the classes through the medium of English.
(Seeman, 1959). Keeping this in mind, Seeman has incorporated