The legacy of colonization in the African country of Congo has been incredibly devastating. Both the people and the economy were dealt a low blow by King Leopold of Belgium’s invidious, violent regime from 1885-1908. Leopold’s soldiers committed acts so barbaric towards the Congolese that Europeans did not believe the reports of it at first. Following his rule, the actual Belgian government reluctantly took over the Congo. Congo finally gained independence in the early 1960s. The country’s distressing past caused multiple fractures in the Congo’s social hierarchy and economy. In the short term, women in Congo lost much of their power - both economic and social. However, a lasting repercussion of Leopold’s rule has been the substantial poverty evident in the country. Women’s power in Congolese society was significantly diminished during, and shortly after Congo became self-ruling. In an excerpt from the Watson Institute for International Studies’ Colonization and Independence in Africa publication, a description of the authority women lost during the colonial period is provided: “Prior to colonialism, many African societies had female representation in government, and women played important roles. African women lost a great deal… European …show more content…
The social power women had in the short term, and the economy up until now. A passage of the Conquest, Conflict, and Commerce text from the Watson Institute reveals how the Congolese population fell by “nearly 50%” after colonization. Death transpired in any number of ways, ranging from being executed and “dying in battles of resistance”, to “overwork and famine”. Undoubtedly, the people of Congo suffered drastically from colonization. Though Congo did eventually gain independence in 1960, the effects of its occupancy can still be felt today. Thus, the overall legacy of colonization in Congo is disastrous and
Amadou Hampaté Bâ is extremely detailed throughout the book, The Fortunes of Wangrin, in explaining the colonial world in West African societies. He provides multiple examples in this work of fiction that precisely describe the factual aspects of African colonialism that we have discussed in class. I will point out a few of the examples that Bâ uses such as: limitations colonial governments set on Africans, the Métis relationships within colonies, and issues that arose, not only between Europeans and Africans, but within the native African communities as well. I will then point out certain details from the book that do not perfectly reflect the components of colonialism that we have studied in lecture.
Thousands killed in the Leopold outbreak. King Leopold should be condemned for his brutal actions, and for making the population more then half in population, like in Lukolela “The population in the villages of Lukolela in January 1891 must have been not less than 6,000 people, but when I counted the whole population in Lukolela at the end of December 1896. I found it to be only 719… but judge of my heartache when on counting them all again on Friday and Saturday last, to find only a population of 352 people.” (Document 5) In 1800-1900’s, King Leopold wanted to and planned to take control of the Congo people.
Pain. Deception. Hatred. These words are rooted in the minds of the African countries whenever the mention of Imperialism. This practice of extending a government's reign to gain economic control, using missionaries as facades, hurt many African’s during 1750 to 1914.
In the beginning of the novel, Leah is a young Christian, American girl who looks up to her father, Nathan Price. Leah looks up to her father, describing him as “having a heart as large as his hands. And his wisdom is great” (42). This shows how much respect Leah has for her father. She puts her father on a high pedestal as he “understands everything” (66).
The Congolese were forced to work all day and were very overworked. The photograph from document 5 shows that the Congolese suffer consequences for not collecting enough rubber. This also indicates that King Leopold II didn’t come to Congo for the well-being of the Congolese but for the well-being of himself. This demonstrates that the Belgians caused the deaths of many people and the loss of natural resources. But it
The amount of destruction that occurred in the Congo was outrageous. Eight to ten million lives were taken during the worldwide movement against slave labor that took place in the Congo. (Hochschild, 3) Between 1880 and 1920 the Congo population was slashed in half. There was around ten million victims that were affected by murder, starvation, exhaustion, exposure, disease, and the plummeting birth rate. During this time the United States and Europe were unaware of this extreme carnage.
As Frantz Facon once stated that “imperialism leaves behind germs of rot which we must clinically detect and remove from our land by from our minds as well”, one can assert without much exertion that such European powers, in the course of Imperialism, indeed, brought about an array of irreversible impairments such as ethnic tensions, slavery, increased local warfare, and many others. Rwanda, for instance, is a country that is rife with the presence of such an irretrievable deficiency. Rwanda, indeed, has shown a startling economic growth and become an emergent leader country in Central Africa. The World Bank has recently eulogized Rwanda’s recent remarkable development success, which it
From King Leopold’s Public Letter, he says “The task which Belgian agents have to accomplish in the Congo is noble. It is incumbent upon them to carry on the work of civilization in Africa. The aim is to regenerate races whose degradation and misfortune is hard to realize.” Through those words, King Leopold, the king of Belgium, was trying to show the other countries that he was a
They faced great death and famine because of the sudden outbreaks of war. In 1960, the Congo becomes independent from Belgium and things get better (BBC News “Democratic Republic of Congo profile – Timeline”). In the time leading to the independence of the Congolese people elected a president, prime minister, a Senate, and an assembly (U.S. Department of State “MILESTONES: 1961–1968”). During this time, President Eisenhower and his entire administration hoped that the Republic of Congo would become a stable pro- Western central government (U.S. Department of State “MILESTONES: 1961–1968”) and be more like the United States of America.
When King Leopold established the Congo Free State, he destroyed the link between the Congolese people and their homeland (Kenneth). King Leopold made one single country between Belgium and Congo. He combined the ethnicities of both of these cultures, taking away the Congolese people’s heritage and culture. In addition to this, the Roman Catholic Church forced their religion and values on the Congolese people, taking away their beliefs, and using violence if necessary. The Belgians forced their values upon the Congolese people in order to assimilate their religion and gain more power.
Hochschild's argument successfully claims that European imperialism in Africa (specifically that of King Leopold) led to devastating effects on the natives and their land. The nineteen-chapter, two part book starts off with a brief introduction. This introduction sets up the first part of the book, where the Hochschild describes the early life of Leopold and his main explorer: Henry Morton Stanley. From the first European-completed expedition of the Congo River and its basin to the Berlin Conference, Hochschild explains the story behind Leopold’s reception of the Congo - specifically how he gained power of the Congo with only the permission of
In The Legacy, Basil Davidson discusses the legacies of colonialism in Africa and gives an insight on modern Africa and the successes and downfalls that it possesses. Moreover, he states that many of the issues seen in modern day Africa are not new and have their roots in the long years of European colonialism that profoundly shaped and continues to shape the continent. Throughout the documentary, various themes regarding postcolonial Africa are mentioned in depth. A few of the themes that Davidson highlights are modernization, ethnicism, corruption, inequality, dictatorship, and neocolonialism.
Following decolonization, there was no attempt to educate "the elites" to pass on the transition of government. Colonizers simply handed down their institutions and practices to the locals of the region. Consequently, the incoming governing powers were left with little knowledge of running a country aside from the oppressive practices of colonizers. Consequently, Congo did not see its first democratic election until after the end of their ethnic conflict in 2003, over 40 years after decolonization. This demonstrates how reliant Congo's political elites were on colonial methods of governing.
The Democratic Republic of Congo The Democratic Republic of Congo was The Belgian Congo from 1885-1960. These 75 years of colonization brought slavery and terror reigned upon the Congolese people. My people. Congo’s wealth, their rubber trees, were brutally extracted under the rule of King Leopold II of Belgium, and then exported to fuel industrial growth in the 19th and 20th century. My people, who were under direct rule (a central government that governed an entire nation), were sick and tired of being controlled by Leopold and rebellions broke out.
There has been two wars, one was in 1996 and the other began in 1998, which left Congo devastated. During the first war, the two neighboring countries Rwanda and Uganda sent their armed forces to invade the then ruler Mobutu Sese Seko(A very corrupt leader)who was overthrown and replaced by Laurent Desire Kabila as the new president. President Kabila changed the name of the country from Zaire to Democratic Republic of Congo. He also managed to push out the Rwandan and Ugandan soldiers out of the country who had helped him gain victory.