Causes Of Natural Disaster

This kind of deformation is classified as natural disasters and causes destruction through flooding, rifts and collapsing of large buildings in cities. This affects the environment because it creates a negative balance in energy and leads to mass loss of species, habitats and food sources (Nelson, 2016). Earthquakes break up large portions of continents while volcanic activity creates new land; according to(Botkin and Keller (1998), both of these processes disrupt “atmospheric and ocean circulation” as well as the fauna and flora of an area (pg 142). Figure 5: Sedimentary rock (Sandstone) http://geology.com/rocks/ Figure 6: Metamorphic rock (Marble) http://geology.com/rocks/ Figure 4: Igneous rock (Granite) http://geology.com/rocks/

“Landslides are large glacier pieces of ice that falls into the ocean causing a great wall because of the pressure that comes on to the water. Landslides happen because of earthquakes or volcanos.” ( Gray, 2008, p. 14-17). Even though many people call them landslides they are actually called mega-tsunamis. Mega-tsunamis have a higher amplitude of waves just because of the force on the water. Surprisingly, there are also tsunamis are caused by landslides under the water and they are called a submarine landslide.

CH:1: INTRODUCTION Earthquakes are one of the most dangerous natural disasters that occur on Earth. This is because the shaking of the ground can strike with little to no warning, and sometimes the ferocious ground shaking can even be felt hundreds of miles away. 1.1 Layouts & History: • Now a days , the problems of natural calamities have been increased because of increasing global warming & unbalance in nature. Natural calamities like Tsunami, Cyclone, Earthquake, etc. have started damaging national as well as personal health & wealth.

Natural Disasters are very injurious, have you ever had an experience with a divine act. Disasters can cause lots of destruction, and maybe you'll be involved in one someday. Examples of natural disasters include floods, hurricanes, tornadoes, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, tsunamis, and other geologic processes. This natural catastrophe is dire and should take into percussion. In “The Perfect Storm” by Sebastian Junger and “Submerged City” by Jacqueline Adams the topic of natural disasters, brought to attention in a science article and informational excerpt.

Due to stress they shift and cause the earthquake. that zone is more subject to seismic disasters. Tectonic, volcanic, collapse and explosion, are the four different types of earthquakes. A tectonic earthquake is one that occurs when the earth 's crust breaks due to geological forces on rocks and adjoining plates that cause physical and chemical changes. A volcanic earthquake is when a volcano erupts and shakes the plates.

Bacteria and metals spread through the floodwaters, and the storm destroyed acres of forestry while leaving the Gulf Coast highly polluted with crude oil. According to Gale, “An estimated 6.5 million gallons of crude oil, as well as fuel from cars, boats, gas stations, and households, was spilled… Floodwaters also tested positive for E. Coli bacteria and heavy metals… The coastal marshes, which act as a natural barrier and protect the coastline from tidal surge, were also destroyed” (Gale). The oil spill, which was considered to be one of the worst oil spills in the country’s history, significantly destroyed the biodiversity of the Gulf Coast: beaches, marine animals, and marshlands that protected the coast from storm surges as a natural barrier. The spill of tons of industrial waste and raw sewage in the floodwaters contributed to the existence of E. coli and heavy metals, which had heavy impact on the heath conditions of the residents of the area. The storm also damaged about 1.3 million acres (5,300 km²) of forestland, 14.6 million cords (52,900,000 m³) of paperwood, and 3.2 billion board feet (7,600,000 m³) of sawtimber in Mississippi.

Marine life affected by an oil spill are at risk for disrupted growth, development, and reproduction. They are prone to tissue damage, a disrupted immune system and a change in swimming ability and behaviors. The 2010 BP oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico was deemed the worst oil spill in US history. According to a study by NRDC, the BP oil spill killed more than 1,000 sea turtles, and left more than 2,000 stranded, compared to an average 240 stranded annually. Over 1 million birds, and up to 5,000 marine mammals also lost their lives in the disaster.

The event La Niña 2010- 2011, ranks as the second most critical in 51 years, from the Multivariate ENSO Index (MEI) (Wolter & Timlin, 1993, 1998, 2011) In the other hand, deforestation, waterproofing, drainage of wetlands and agricultural expansion are factors that increase the risk of flooding, because they contribute to increased runoff into rivers, the deposition of sediment in riverbeds and destabilization of saturated soils, that can generate damming and subsequent torrential floods affecting populations and road infrastructure. Nationally, the estimated annual deforestation rate in the period 2000-2007 was 336,000 ha, placing Colombia in eighth place among the countries with the highest deforestation in the world (D,

The evidences mean that the earthquake was very tensionful. In Emma Burke’s case, she experiences tension during the earthquake in her house, and in Fred Hewitt’s case he experiences tension in the city, as all the famous historic buildings fall.The two stories similarly show pressure on the authors. On page 1, Hewitt states, “It is just possible that the most dramatic point in San Francisco when that terrible rumble began was in the immediate vicinity of that imposing pile, San Francisco City Hall, that structure that cost millions upon millions to rise and years of labor to accomplish.” Likewise, on page 1 Burke describes, “It grew constantly worse, the noise

However, mild climate related disasters are quite frequent to happen lately. These refer to the occurrence of floods and droughts that caused significant socio-economic impacts to the nation while the occurrence of landslides due to excessive rainfall and strong winds happened at the hilly and the latter, at the coastal areas caused minimal damage. In agriculture, one of the matters that affected continuously is flood. Sometimes water levels can rise slowly and unnoticed. Other time, flooded can be rapid, sudden and unexpected.