Dialdehyde carboxymethyl cellulose (DCMC) was used as the crosslinking reagent to fix the composite hydrogel fibers. The results indicate that the mechanical properties, enzymatic stability and blood compatibility of the composite hydrogel fibers are efficiently improved due to the addition of DCMC. The hydrogel fibers are effective biomaterials for using as wound dressings since they can absorb wound exudates and provide moist environment. Moreover, the composite hydrogel fibers present low cytotoxicity. The study indicates that DCMC is an effective crosslinking reagent for biomaterials fixation.
4) Dehydration reaction between α and β carbons catalyzed by β-hydroxyacyl ACP dehydratase. 5) Reduction of trans-double bond by enoyl-ACP reductase utilizing NADPH as coenzyme. 6) Repetition of the above mentioned steps until palmitoyl-ACP is produced, the final product. This palmitoyl-ACP is then cleaved to palmitate and ACP by palmitoylthioesterase enzyme Regulation Of fatty acid
P. agarwal and co-workers work for protein chemical modification by conducting a pictet-spengler reaction between aldehydes and alkoxyamines. This forms an oxyiminium ion as an intermediate that eventually undergoes intramolecular C-C bond with indole nucleophile to form an oxacarboline product. As compared to the oxime and hydrazone conjugates, the oxacarbolines are very much stable towards the hydrolysis under physiological relevant conditions as depicted by their experiment. In order to use this strategy for site specific chemical modification of formylglycine and glyoxalglycine-functionalized, they use an aldehyde-tagged variant of the Herceptin( a therapeutic monoclonal antibody). All the experiments performed by them showed that the Pictet-spengler reaction has a bright future in the research for the
Figure 5.2 TLC of methyl erucate [Solvent: chloroform: hexane (1:1)] Rf value = (Distance travelled by solute )/(Distance travelled by solvent front) = 5.1.5 Spectroscopy analysis using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) The infrared spectra of the purified methyl erucate showed the characteristics band at 1739 cm-1 which attributed to carbonyl ester band (Figure 5.3). The other absorptions attributed to the molecule are shown in Table 5.4. Also the IR absorption peak can be compared as shown in Figure 5.3 and Figure 5.4. Table 5.4 Spectroscopic identification of erucic acid functional groups in FTIR Absorption frequency range(cm-1) Absorption peak (cm-1) Type of vibration 3020-3100 2920 =C-H stretch of alkene 2850-3000 2852 C-H stretch of alkane 1705-1720 1710 C=O stretch of acid 1350-1480 1452 -CH bend of alkane 1210-1320 1284 C-O stretch of acid 675-1000 931 =C-H bend of alkene 720-725 721 C-H rock of alkane Figure 5.3 FTIR spectra of erucic
It was found that, desiccant minimum temperature was proportional to the humidity potential between the indoor and outdoor conditions (temperature and humidity). The experimental results were show the, calcium chloride solution with 30% concentration can be regenerated up to 48% using solar energy 1.4.4 Kishore and Dilip (2013 ) (Experimental Analysis of a liquid desiccant dehumidifier using aqueous calcium chloride solution) experimentally analyzed the liquid desiccant dehumidifier, in which Calcium Chloride are used as desiccant. It was used as desiccant. It was found that * As the regeneration temperature was increased, moisture absorbing capacity of air was increased * As the regeneration temperature was increased, the dehumidification rate in the absorber was increased * The moisture removal rate was increased with the increasing in regeneration * As the inlet temperature of desiccant was increased, the dehumidification was reduced in the absorber, indicated the reduction in moisture removal capacity 1.4.5 Bakhtiar et al
After deparaffinization and rehydration, the sections were incubated in 0.1% (w/v) Sirius red F3BA (C.I.35780) in saturated picric acid solution for 1 hr at room temperature; sections were then rinsed with distilled water followed by staining with Weigert’s haematoxylin. Differentiation was done in 1% HCl, followed by alkalization with tap water. The sections were then dehydrated and mounted in DPX.9,10 To evaluate birefringence pattern of collagen fibers, the sections were examined under 40x magnification using Olympus polarized light microscope (BX43) along with image analysis system software (ProgRes, Speed XT core3). Randomly 100 fibers were examined in each tissue sample and were segregated into thick (1.6-2.4 µm) and thin fibers (0.8µm or less). The obtained score were tabulated and the statistical analysis was done using “Z” test to compare the proportion of thick and thin fibers among males and females.
The optimum working of the catalyst was found to vary with time and the solar exposure. The percentage of COD reduction efficiency was checked in three ranges which was neutral with pH 8, alkaline pH 12.03 and acidic with a pH of 3.04 and was found out. The chemical oxygen demand removal was about 50% in the alkaline range, 77.5% in the natural existing range and about 85% in the acidic range. Table 2: Results of analysis Parameters Strength of the solution Before treatment (mg/L) After the treatment subjected to photocatalysis (mg/L) COD Alkaline range 1280 640 Natural range 960 258 Acidic range 1280
But, only handful of examples were available for the Pd-mediated [18F] labeling of organic molecules in which [18F] labeled aryl halides were the actual coupling partner to variety of nucleophiles. [8b] Moreover, the only Pd-catalyzed direct [18F]F-fluorination of aryl triflates was reported by J. Cardinale et al. [11] To date, no Pd-catalyzed C‒O cross-coupling methodology has been developed for [18F] fluoroalkoxylation of aryl halides in the [18F] radiotracer synthesis. The reason might be just attributed to, the chemists considering the relatively weak nucleophilic nature of simple alkyl alcohols (oxygen nucleophiles) which further ease off if it contains fluorine atom(s), and then this would not participate well with a greater rate in Pd-catalyzed C‒O coupling
1. Introduction 1.1 Objective of the Research: The Objective of this research is twofold, first to quantify the information content of the cyclic voltammogram data and understand the kinetic parameters that are involved in redox reaction and simulate them using acquired information, also identify the post oxidation peak that occurs at slow scan rates in the presence of air. Second, to check the electrochemical reduction of nitrate ion at the surface of different working electrodes that are available in the lab at neutral and alkaline systems. 1.2 Importance of the Research: Ferrocene carboxylic acid, as an iron centered inorganic derivative of ferrocene, behaves as a simple and ideal reversible redox system and is commonly used as mediator with enzymes such as glucose oxidase. , , However, during extensive use of Ferrocene Carboxylic Acid, FCA, in this research study,
A gene encoding extracellular lipase was cloned and characterized from metagenomic DNA extracted from hot spring soil was performed. The recombinant gene was expressed in E. coli and expressed protein was purified to homogeneity using hydrophobic interactions chromatography. Kinetic behavior of purified protein was also attempted. Furthermore CD spectroscopic study carried out in the temperature range of 25-95 °C revealed distortion in solution structure above 35