opinion and negative from the animals', is that, especially bird feeders, the act of feeding draws the animals to one specific spot. This, especially in case of territorial ones, causes a great deal of unnecessary stress and competition, while simultaneously providing a source of food, at times thoroughout the whole year, so many people deem the act to be positive, while on a larger scale it's actually not beneficial for the animal. This continuous supply of a specific feeding source has another desirable
Cows are social animal that lives in groups under natural and semi-natural conditions (Chua, B. et al 2002). In the dairy industry the dairy cows are kept in group housing. However on many commercial farms in the veal and the dairy industry, the calves are separated from the mother soon after birth and housed in individual pens. Since 2004 group housing for calves older than 8 weeks is compulsory in European union (Directive no. 97/2/EC). And also The American Veal Association (2007) request all
Delince (1992) emphasized that the factors which significantly influence fish production, act within a network of interactions. The three main factors are; availability of food (ad libitum), dissolved oxygen and the ammonia concentration of water. Our studies also reported that low fish production coincides with high BOD, high ammonia and low DO. Cuenco et al. (1985) study of environmental factors affecting the population growth of American catfish, showed that, besides available food and oxygen
great scientific interest and economic importance. There are different economically and ecologically important species of fish that are found in these water bodies. Adult Oreochromis niloticus have a high degree of plasticity and opportunism in their feeding behaviour and are hence classified as omnivorous (Jauncey, 1998). They are capable of consuming a wide
Table 2: Effects of group size and sex on feeding behaviour of growing pigs Trait Group size SEM Sex 2 4 8
Clinical mastitis can range from mild to severe. Environmental mastitis: Cows housed are at a higher risk of contracting mastitis over animals out in the field. Pathogens build up easier in housing and in areas such a bedding, feedstuff, manure, water sources and just general dust and dirt. Bedding material that is not regularly changed is one of the higher risks with factors such as moisture and temperature adding greatly to the number of pathogens present. Along with these, if housing conditions are overcrowded
It is 120,000 square meter and has the world’s largest collection of freshwater animals. It is also home to over 150 plant species and 5000 animal species which include 42 endangered species. The opening of the park was in line with the United Nation’s International Year of Water Cooperation which was declared in 2013 that it would be the UN’s International Year
As an alternative to antibiotic therapy, probitotics has been gaining popularity in aquaculture farms. Microbiome balance is key factor to maintain overall health in fish (Gomez and Balcazar,2008). Various process like nutrient digestion, synthesis, absorption, pathogen resistance, growth, sexual maturation, morphogenesis, survivorship in stocked fish, etc can be achieved by microbiome
extensive coastal erosion. However, pollution from sewage and agricultural practices damages corals as well as the wide variety of organisms living within them. Stress is a physiological condition which results from adverse or excessive environmental factors and in corals and can be measured by decreased growth rates, metabolic differences, and biochemical changes. There are varying levels of degradation of coral reefs such as mortality to more
canaries, finches, cockatiels, wild birds and as feed for animals like the sheep, cattle, poultry etc. For birdfeeds, the red colored seed, light bright types of millets are recommended. An example of millets used for this purpose are the Proso Millets. The Proso millets are also feed to Cattle and sheeps in ground form. The whole seed millets can be essential to the feeding of poultry. The performance rate of millet grains in the growth of animals who are fed with millet is better as compared to other