Green Manuring In Rhizobia

Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

Situational Analysis

Soil productivity is an important concern for farmers. Green manuring, crop rotation and mix farming are oftenly used to improve the soil fertility at the same time the nutrients used in plant growth are conserved and returned to the soil to enhance its fertility (Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, 1993). Green manuring is the plowing under or soil incorporation of any green manure crops while they are green or soon after they flower. Green manures are grown for their leafy materials needed for soil conservation (Boller et al., 2004). Plants are commonly used for green manuring have Rhizobia bacteria for nitrogen fixation similarly crop rotation is alternating legumes and non-legumes plants

Most plants

When plant seeds germinate in the soil, the root hairs come in contact with Rhizobia. If the Rhizobia and the plant are compatible, a complex process begins during which the Rhizobia enter the plants root hairs (Brewin, 2010).

Once the relationship between plant and Rhizobia is established, the plant supplies the Rhizobia with energy from photosynthesis and the Rhizobia fix atmospheric nitrogen in the nodule, converting it into a form that the plant can use, both the plant and the Rhizobia benefit from such a relationship called symbiosis (Meade, nd).

The complex process by which the Rhizobia produce nitrogen from the legumes and non-leguminous plant is called biological nitrogen fixation or BNF. Only Rhizobia that are specifically compatible with a particular species on legumes and non-legumes can the formation of root nodules, a process called nodulation. This process has a great economic benefit for agricultural production and as a result, Rhizobia inoculants are produced commercially in many plants. Inoculants contain Rhizobia isolated from plant nodules and grown cultured. Liquid media containing potato broth and glucose or sucrose was used to culture the Rhizobia bacteria (Stefan Mantyniuk and Jadwiga Oron

The benefits from this plant are anti-cancer, anti-peptic ulcer, prevent menopausal problems, low risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. It has anti-inflammatory, analgesic properties and may also provide relief in pain related to arthritis. It also provides relief from fibromyalgia, skin aging and psoriasis (Sancho et al., 2002).

The Rhizobia bacteria from leguminous plants were inoculated in non-legume. Cross inoculum of Rhizobia bacteria in non-legume plants were used to determine the colonization of Rhizobia in the root system and growth responses of Bell pepper to the Rhizobia bacteria from non-leguminous and legume plants.

Statement of Objectives

This study was conducted to assess the responses of nodules of Mimosa pudica L. and Parasponia rugosa Blume affect the growth performance of V. unguiculata (string beans) and Capsicuum annuum (bell pepper) based on biomass productivity.

Specifically, this study also measured the productivity of leguminous string beans and non-leguminous crops bell pepper with bacterial inoculation from a leguminous plant, (MR - Mimosa Rhizobia) and from a non-leguminous plant (PR - Parasponia rhizhobia). It also sought to answer the following:

1. Compare the growth response of the crops to the three different treatments in terms of:

1.1 Growth rate in terms of height of plant per two weeks