Despite its name, the Roman Republic was actually quite a mix of both a republic and a democracy. This is said because they used a bottom-up system, allowing even the people with little roles to vote, such as The Assembly. They would vote for their leaders and laws, among other things, as well. One of the main factors in having a republic government is to not have the people involved in selecting leaders, but the Roman Republic did just that. A person cannot say that a republic is a republic if they allow the people to vote because having the people vote is a major part of democracy. However, during certain situations, the way things worked shifted from democratic to republican. Further, some of their rules surrounding voting and various other things were very republic. …show more content…
As stated by Polybius in Document A, The Assembly held most power when it came to voting. They had the final say during the passing or denying of laws, which was said by Millar (Document B). However, Millar also states that the Assemblies did not get to choose who or what they voted on. This could be used to support the idea that the Roman Republic truly was a republic. Regardless of that, the fact that the Assembly held so much power was still a reason to believe it was a democracy.
Polybius goes on to say, “no one can say for sure whether the constitution is an aristocracy or democracy or despotism” in Document A. He then explains how the Roman Republic was each of them, an aristocracy, a democracy, and a despotism, for various reasons. One of these reasons was that, at times, the consuls, or the magistrates, and the Senate had more power than the Assemblies, but in different situations, it was the opposite. This shows that even Polybius, a man who was actually alive during the Roman Republic, didn’t know how to label
The Roman Republic was often known for its lasting influence for the development of Western political governance and ideals and is often hailed as a beacon of democracy in ancient history. But an in depth look reveals it to be more complex. While the Roman Republic held democratic elements that allowed citizen participation and representation, its political structure was ultimately characterized by a significant concentration of power among the elite and few for the average person. This essay will explore the extent of democracy within the Roman Republic, analyzing key aspects such as the electoral system, legislative bodies, and social hierarchy and the democratic nature and the implications it had on the overall governance of the state.
The Roman Republic was a government ruled by the people in Italy. Magistrates were officials and the most powerful were the consuls. The senate was a group of people who were wealthy and advised the city leaders. The American Democracy is a government with three branches. The executive branch is the presidents branch.
Polybius believed that this system of checks and balances made the Roman constitution one of the most stable and long-lasting forms of government in the ancient world. According to Polybius, the Roman monarchy provided stability, while the aristocracy represented the interests of the rich and influential classes, and the people's assembly (the democracy) supplied a voice for the ordinary people. He believed that the mix of these three elements
The Roman Republic lasted from 509 B.C.E to 27 B.C.E. The Roman Republic was democratic, but not always. Such as when the wealthy took over, it was more difficult to become a Roman citizen, and there was a lot of division in the society. However it was still democratic because they let the majority of legal men vote, even the free slaves later on, the people had a voice, and everyone mainly had a job to do in order to help the community. The Roman Republic tried to be democratic, but then it led to it just being an aristocracy.
A large republic government prevails over small republic or democracy when controlling factions because there are more people to divide into the factions and therefore there is less unification among the members of the factions. Also, if there is a large republic in which Senators are elected, it is easier to hold the leaders accountable for their actions due to the amount of people because the leaders need to stay on good terms in order to continue receiving votes. In contrast, a small republic allows the citizens to be easily manipulated by factions and leaders. A large republic protects the minority because factions will exist for as long as there is freedom.
Notwithstanding these democratic components, the Roman Republic's aristocracy-dominated governance made it ultimately undemocratic. The Senate, which was predominately made up of nobles, held the majority of the republic's power. This indicated that very few people actually influenced the decisions that the government made. (National Geographic Society,
The Roman Empire and Roman Republic were two distinct periods in the history of ancient Rome. The Roman Republic was established in 509 BC, following the overthrow of the Etruscan monarchy. It lasted until 27 BC when the Roman Empire was established under the rule of Augustus. One of the main differences between the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire was their form of government. The Roman Republic was a system of government where elected officials represented the people.
The Republic of Rome didn’t have many changes to it’s government structure from the monarchy. The difference was instead of a king, there were two elected officers or consuls. They basically chose what laws and other things like that would go through. Unlike the King, each consul could veto the other one’s ideas or decisions. Things like that could lead to long arguments and anger.
In a representative democracy, citizens choose representatives to vote on laws and make political choices. In ancient Rome, many political leaders and historians claimed that the government was a democracy. However, Rome was never truly a democracy, due to their unfair government organization, and lack of democratic citizenship. In terms of government career holders, and as regular citizens, some groups of people were more powerful and privileged than others. To start off, the government of ancient Rome was far from democratic.
Democracy is what we call a formation of government where citizens and group of people can vote on laws. The Roman Republic did not have a well developed formation of their government but it did have the qualifications of democracy. There were pros and cons of voting in the Roman times such as anybody can vote. According to Professor Millar, he says, “Every adult male citizen, unless specifically disqualified, had a vote, and there was no formal exclusion of the poor. Free slaves could also vote.”
The consuls were responsible for many of the functions kings of previous had, with the caveat that they had checks on their power, as there were two consuls rather than one, and they could be removed from their position if need be. Another aspect of the Roman republic that made it democratic was the existence of the Assembly of Tribes. These were officials voted for by the general population of Rome. They had the ability to vote on laws that would affect the population and had a vote on whether Rome would go to war or not (Democracy, 2021). Given the fact that Roman citizens had the right to vote on issues that affected everyday life could be seen as the most democratic aspect of the Roman republic, although there were some caveats on who had the right to vote.
To remain in office, a consul had to once again be chosen by the people in an election. The Roman people could vote for representatives to make laws on their behalf, each representative having the right to veto any proposed legislation or government action they disagreed with. To achieve this goal, the Roman people elected the Plebian Council, which could overturn any law passed in their name (Khan Academy, n.d.). As we know ‘democracy’ today, some of its characteristics are the establishment of liberty, the rule of the majority, individual rights, free and open elections, public participation, and open agreement (Tomyn,
The Assemblies had the last say on passing laws or repealing laws and final say on peace or war (Document A) Not being Democracy The voters had no role in choosing a candidate for office or proposing laws (Document C) Being Democracy Every male citizen could vote unless they were disqualified, and the poor could vote even free slaves were able to vote (Document B) Not being Democracy Only male adult Roman citizens were allowed in the Assemblies and Did not include slaves or men born outside Italia (Document RGV)
Also, Rome follows in Greece's footsteps. For example, Livy once said, “And no wonder: for if we confine our observation to the power of the Consuls we should be inclined to regard it as despotic; if on that of the Senate, as aristocratic; and if finally one looks at the power possessed by the people it would seem a clear case of democracy” (Doc. B). This shows that Rome follows in Greece’s footsteps because even though Rome was considered a democracy, in actuality, the senate acted as an aristocracy, because in both a small group of elites ruled. The councils acted as a despotism, because both have one or more elected officials, with great power.
The term, Democracy, stems from the Greek word ‘demokratia’ which means rule by the people and it wasn’t until around 500 BCE in Athens where the first examples of democracy originated. While Athens is widely regarded as the first historical example of a democratic system, some scholars believe that the Roman Empire’s republic system was more democratic than that of the Greek. As I will come to