Sanitation In Bangladesh Essay

Introduction
Hygienic sanitation facilities are crucial for public health. Since 1990, the number of people gaining access to improved sanitation has risen from 54% to 68% but some 2.3 billion people still do not have toilets or improved latrines. In 2015, 39% of the global population (2.9 billion people) used a safely managed sanitation service – defined as use of a toilet or improved latrine, not shared with other households, with a system in place to ensure that excreta are treated or disposed of safely. 27% of the global population (1.9 billion people) used private sanitation facilities connected to sewers from which wastewater was treated. 13% of the global population (0.9 billion people) used toilets or latrines where excreta were disposed

However, according to the report of the Joint Monitoring Program (JMP) 2015, the current prevalence of improved sanitation is 61 percent, mounting at only 1.1 percent annually and overall hygienic sanitation coverage is near to 34% in Bangladesh.
Sanitation Evolution in Bangladesh in the last 30 years
In 1990, 33% of the total population in Bangladesh were using improved sanitation, around 16% and 17% were using unhygienic toilets and shared toilets respectively, and almost one third of the population (34%) didn’t have access to any kind of toilets facility and were restoring to open defecation. This led the GOB to launch the National Sanitation Campaign, which resulted in rapid progress (more than 9 percent progress per year) in sanitation coverage. In 2012, 57% people had access to use improve toilets, 28% and 12% people were using shared toilets and unimproved toilets respectively. Open defecation has come down remarkably from 34 percent of the population in 1990 to 3 percent in 2012 (JMP 2014). More importantly, Bangladesh has successfully reduced the percentage of the bottom 40 percent of the population without access to basic sanitation facilities