Industrial Working Conditions During The 1900's: A Case Study

A key aspect of this nation’s history lies in the ever-shifting relationship between its government and its common man, most specifically its labor workers. This relationship plays a crucial role in the understanding of the changes that took place in America between 1890 and 1945. The changing relationship between government and labor workers in the United States between 1890 and 1945 demonstrates a period of unrest and a transitional period in which the focus shifted towards the working class as a result of the greed and corruption of 19th century business elite

They had horrible working hours and usually had to work six days a week or maybe even seven. In some cases, laborers had to work from 3am till 7pm. The Government took notice and addressed this issue in the International Labor Congress in which representatives demand a reduction on working hours (6). Another issue that was addressed was the fact that workers had no health insurance if they suffered from any injuries while doing their jobs. The representatives called for factories to treat the lives and limbs of their workers as sacred and help pay for the injuries (6). This provided better working hours and safe conditions for the factory workers. People argue that the factory owners sent thugs to interrupt labor unions and government did little to protect the laborers. However, when the Antitrusts Acts were passed, it stated that nothing contained in the Antitrust Laws shall be constructed to forbid the existence and operation of labor organizations (7). This proves that the Federal Government tried to intervene and help the laborers. Sooner or later, factory workers got what they wanted with the help of the reforms during the Progressive Era.

A labor union is a group of money earners that come together to promote and defend the interests of its members with respect to earnings and working conditions. Labor unions deal with employers on the behalf of its members through a process known as collective bargaining. In the United States, the first labor unions were on a regional level, when shoemakers in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, organized in the 1790s. Terrible working conditions in the 19th century led to worker conditions. Employers fought back against the strikes by issuing demands, hiring private detectives and engaging in other dispositions. Sometimes, the strikes became violent. The National Labor Relations Act was passed in 1935 to protect workers ' rights to form unions and

During the years 1880-1920 there were many issues because of urbanization and industrialization. The industrial revolution brought many new job opportunities with low wages making companies focus on women and children. These opportunities were available but at a cost, they were paid less and they were forced to work up to ten hours. The industrial giants made labor a tough and unfair lifestyle. They wanted more riches, but they were making people suffer in order to obtain the money. The progressives wanted to help relieve all these problems through a philosophy called progressivism. They managed to achieve some of their aims but not all of them.

Many workers left farms to work in factories which provided them with a steady paycheck, but they were forced to work long hours in conditions that were unsafe. Jobs were also year round but workers did not have rights and could have been fired for anything without explanation. To fight back workers often went on strike and formed unions. Some unions formed were The Knights of Labor, the National Labor Union (NLU), and the American Federation of Labor (AFL). The Knights of Labor was the first large national union and they wanted all workers to come together and form labor management cooperative businesses. The National Labor Union went to the government seeking better working conditions for workers and the American Federation of Labor fought for better pay and shorter workdays. These unions did in fact provide workers with better workplace conditions, higher pay, and shorter

Between two wars The Civil War and World War I was called the Glided Age. The Gilded Age grew a accelerated industrialization of factory based steel mills, also a country based on railroad for transporation,blooming cities and in science. The Gilded Age also grew in social chage and economic growth, creating new opportunites for entrpreners. The effects of the industrialization on American 's were work labor which lead to the orgin of The Kinghts of Labor. In addition with such the rising of industrial the citites grew which lead to immigiration and also the creation of the hull house.

Working in the 1800’s was hard and was very dangerous, by the mid 1800’s America was using machines to produce most things such as clothing, shoes, watches, , guns, and farming machines. The workers would work an average of 11.4 hours a day. The workers were very tired. The factories were very rugged and dangerous, there were fast rapidly moving parts exposed and that cuased many accidents with adults and children. The factories were also not heated or cooled so the workers would get very hot or very cold. Back then there were no laws to protect the lives of the workers and most of the time the factory owners cared meore about the making of money than the employies which also didn’t help with the saftey issues. There were

In a time after the Civil War, the national government encouraged production which improved their financing by switching to the gold standard, improved communication by boosting the telegraph, improved transportation by building railroads. The economy was also improving massively also due to natural resources, demography, and law. Railroads allowed people as well as supplies to be transported quicker, safer, and cheaper. Companies started taking advantage of the demand for building materials, they bought each other out through vertical and horizontal integration, formed monopolies which made the price go up, and made the owners very wealthy. Aside from all of these positives, there are also various problems that were caused during the Gilded

The life of an industrial worker was very hard. Workers had to work long shifts and get paid very little. Some worked ten to twelve hours a day, six days a week, and made less than one dollar per hour. Along with long hours and little pay, there was no regulation for breaks, safety, or age. Due to this, one in eleven workers died on the job. Eventually it got to the point where these workers were working so much, but barely made enough to support their family. The Knights of Labor was the first national labor group formed in 1869. This group wanted to gain an eight-hour workday, expel asian workers and immigrants from the far east, and stop child labor. Around the same time a new national organization named the American Federation of Labor (AFL) formed when the Knights of Labor union declined. The new organization was led by Samuel Gompers, a cigar maker that helped to form the union. The AFL advocated for most of the same things as the Knights of Labor. The American Federation of Labor used strikes and boycotts against owners to try and get what they wanted. Two major strikes that occurred were the Pullman Strike and the Homestead Strike. Both strikes were very dangerous and had millions of dollars of damage. Some of the strikes and boycotts did work and wages were raised, however some backfired and many workers ended up losing their

The Knight of Labor came into existence around the 1880s and consisted of numerous local assemblies. Membership was opened to any and everyone, including employers, African Americans and women. To achieve efficiency, its goal was to replace capitalism by offering the employees, also known as producers, the opportunity to control and own businesses. The system was known as producer cooperative. Producer cooperative incorporates capital and workers to work as one and cut down on conflict, which made for a harmonious environment. The benefits of bringing these two forces together, saw workers gaining a sense of autonomy and fulfilled their psychological and physical needs and serving God. The primary goal of the Knights of Labor was in achieving the moral worth opposed to the material wealth of a person, which was a form of uplifting unionism. They believed that by working long hours, while earning small pay, went against their idea of what God had intended for man. However, to achieve member voice, the goal was for members to secure producer cooperation through individual

In a time after the civil war, America improved their financing by switching to the gold standard, improved communication by boosting the telegraph, improved transportation by building railroads, and improved wealth by giving contracts for clothes to multiple companies. The economy was also improving massively also due to natural resources, demography, and law. Railroads allowed people as well as supplies to be transported quicker, safer, and cheaper. Companies bought each other out and formed monopolies which made the price go up and the owners very wealthy. Aside from all of these positives, there are also various problems that took place during the Gilded Age (1865-1900). Problems like how industrial workers and farmers responded to

The progressive era was filled with political problems, fighting corruption, and harsh working conditions. There were some very important changes in this era. The nineteenth amendment gave women the right to vote. There were different presidents like Theodore Roosevelt, Woodrow Wilson, and William H. Taft. Discrimination started to become a big problem. America became a more advanced and equal country during this time.

An in depth analysis of the factors that led to the rise of labor unions in the United States only reveals that the basic need and the primary objective of the workering people was to secure economic and legal protection from their exploiting employers.

In the 20th Century, labor unions did not destroy the free market by encumbering business with regulations essentially penalizing the wealthy for being successful because the employees just wanted better working conditions with a higher pay and the employees were doing what they believed in to be right

One of the bigger issues surrounding this age was the awful factory working conditions. Nobody listened to what the workers had to say during that time. “The employer desires to reduce wages and lengthen the hours of labor, while the desire of employees is to obtain shorter hours of labor and better wages, and better surroundings.” (Document C) This selection of document C shows that the employers wanted their employees to get paid even