John Marshall's Supreme Court Cases

John Marshall had a significant impact on strengthening the national government during his term as Chief Justice from 1800-1830. Marshall achieved this goal by strengthening the power of the Supreme Court in three main court cases. In Marbury v. Madison Marshall established the practice of judicial review, then in McCulloch v. Maryland he weakened the central government and Gibbons v. Ogden provided the federal government with the ability to regulate interstate commerce.

Justice Thurgood Marshall Response Justice Thurgood Marshall said in his “Reflections on the Bicentennial of the United States Constitution”, “I do not believe the meaning of the Constitution was forever ‘fixed’ at the Philadelphia Convention. Nor do I find the wisdom, foresight, and sense of justice exhibited by the framers particularly profound. To the contrary, the government they devised was defective from the start, requiring several amendments, a civil war, and momentous social transformation to attain the system of constitutional government and its respect for the individual freedoms and human rights, that we hold as fundamental as today” (Marshall). In this passage of his essay, Judge Marshall is critical of the government that is

The Supreme Court priorities from the time period of 1790 to 1865 were establishing the Judiciary Act of 1789, which was instrumental in founding the Federal Court System. The framers believed that establishing a National Judiciary was an urgent and important task. After the installation of Chief Justice John Marshall who “used his dominance to strengthen the court 's position and advance the policies he favored” (Baum 20). However, in the decision of the landmark case of Marbury v. Madison in 1803 was an example of the power he exuded “in which the Court struck down a Federal statute for the first time” (Baum 20). This created some internal conflict between Marshall and President Thomas Jefferson, however Marshall was able to diffuse this with

John Marshall was a key founder of the judicial branch of government, with his political opinions he laid the foundation for the United States Supreme Court. He had practically no schooling and only studied law for a short amount of time, but changed the nation drastically for the better helping to determine what the constitution could and could not do. Through many court cases Marshall helped established the power of state and federal government, creating the prosperous nation that is known today.

Marbury vs. Madison In Marbury vs. Madison, the Supreme Court, for the first time, struck down an act of Congress as unconstitutional. This was a landmark case that created the doctrine of judicial review and setup the Supreme Court as the chief interpreter of the Constitution. From then on, the Supreme Court of the has had the power to dictate the constitutionality and validity of the acts of both the Legislative and Executive branches. Ever since Chief Justice John Marshall finalized the decision that established the judicial review, it has set the stage for critical cases that were made like Roe vs. Wade and Brown vs. Board of Education. After being defeated by Thomas Jefferson in the 1800 Presidential Election, President Adams appointed many Federalist judges to fill government posts created by Congress.

United States v. Lopez was the first United States Supreme Court case since the New Deal to set limits to Congress's power under the Commerce Clause of the United States Constitution. The issue of the case was that It exceeded to the power of Congress which had no say over it because the case had nothing to do with commerce or any sort of economic activity. The case United States v. Lopez involved Alfonzo Lopez Jr., Supreme Court Justice William H. Rehnquist, and Congress. Unites States v. Lopez was about a 12th grader named

In both the McCulloch v. Maryland and Gibbons v. Ogden cases, John Marshall asserted the power of judicial review, and legitimatized the Supreme Court within the national government. The Marshall Court, over the span of thirty years, managed to influence the life of every American by aiding in the development of the judicial branch and establishing a boundary between the state and national government. John Marshall’s Supreme Court cases shaped how the government is organized today. He strongly believed in Federalism, and that the national government should be sovereign, rather than the states. The Supreme Court under John

Marbury v. Madison, 1803 At the end of John Adams term as president he appointed multiple judges. The commissions were signed by Adams along with being sealed by the current secretary of state, John Marshall. The problem with the commissions was that they were not delivered by the end of his presidency. He was no longer president when they were appointed.

During the Jeffersonian Era, Thomas Jefferson declared that all Americans were Federalists, and Republicans which he claimed that Americans were diverse once he became president. John Marshall, who was Jefferson’s cousin strengthened the government. Through Marbury v. Madison in 1803 where he suggested that the Supreme Court should have judicial review which strengthened perspectives on whether a case was constitutional or not. For the McCulloch v. Maryland case, Marshall gave power of “loose construction” to interpret the constitution in court. Around 1811, Indians were also coexisting with the Americans, the Americans wanted all the land to themselves without having Indians on it so a war in 1812 was initiated which also demonstrated America’s

It was determined that “the Congress of the United States is granted for certain implied powers by the Constitution that are implemented in order to ensure for the proper function of the Federal Government. "3In relevance to the states, it was determined that “States cannot impose on the powers granted by the Constitution to the Federal Government by any action. "3 In the case of McCulloch vs Maryland,this included the act of imposing a state bank tax on a national bank. Federalism This case tells us that the relationship between federal and state government is limited.

The judicial review process is an important aspect of the US Court system. The process involves the use of powers by the Federal Courts to void the congress' acts that direct conflict with the Constitution. The Marbury v. Madison is arguably the landmark case that relates to Judicial Review. The Marbury v. Madison case was written in the year 1803 by the Chief Justice at that time named John Marshall. Thomas Jefferson won an election on the Democratic - Republican Party that had just been formed creating a panicky political atmosphere having defeated John Adams of the previous ruling party. Adams had appointed several justices for the District of Columbia prior to being defeated. The senate had approved the commissions and the commissions signed by the president as well as being affixed with the government's official seal. However, the commissions were not delivered, and when Jefferson took office, he instructed James Madison the Secretary of States not to deliver them. William Marbury who was on the list of appointees petitioned the Supreme Court for a legal order compelling Madison to explain why he was not to receive the commission (Clinton 1994).

The text also alluded to previous court cases, such as Marshall vs. Court and the National Back, where Congress was declared to having unconstitutional implementations, that were based on a loose structure. Summary Context and Point of View The Court had

When McCulloch refused the state decided to file a lawsuit against him. In McCulloch’s case, he lost on the district level to the state of Maryland and he lost his appeal. It was only after this that it was brought before the court for review. It was only then that the court decided to go with McCulloch because the act of taxing a federal entity goes against that of the Constitution and although states have their own Constitution they do not override the Constitution of the United States because it is the “law of the land”. It was then that they annulled the prior judgment.

Clarence Thomas was born on June 23, 1948, in Pin Point, Georgia. His father left his family when he was young. That, and other issues as the years passed led his family into money problems. Clarence and his brother were sent to live with their grandfather and step-grandmother. His grandfather had a major influence on his religious beliefs. He transferred to St. John Vianney Minor Seminary while in high school and graduated from there in 1967. After the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. he heard some of his classmates at Immaculate Conception Seminary in Missouri making fun of his death. This led him to quit seminary and eventually attend Yale University Law School. After graduating from Yale, he worked for many years as a lawyer for the agricultural giant Monsanto. Then he moved to Washington D.C. where he worked some for President Ronald Reagan. In 1991 Thomas replaced the previous Supreme Court Justice and became the second African American justice to serve on the Supreme Court. Clarence Thomas was a part of many important Supreme Court Cases. A few of them include Morse v. Frederick, United States v. Morrison, and Grutter v. Bollinger.

Throughout the course of America's History, there have been decisions in law that have defined the America as a country, that have reinvented laws for better or for worse, and have affected the lives of millions. Some of these impactful decisions fell under the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court like Marbury v. Madison, Dred Scott v. Sandford, and Plessy v. Ferguson. Of course without the judgment of the Supreme Court Justices, none of the decisions could have been made. Earl Warren was a Supreme Court Justice who served from 1953 to 1969. During this period Earl Warren was truly able to leave a lasting impression on America’s history by helping decide court cases that were extremely important to the lives of millions in America then and now.