John Marshall's Three Main Court Cases

John Marshall supports the cooperative view of federalism, in that he believes that the state and federal government share powers, but that the national government is supreme. From Marshall’s opinion in McCulloch v. Maryland, it is clear the he supports a broad reading of the Necessary and Proper Clause and the Supremacy Clause. In the instance with the Motor Voter law, Marshall would reject the state of Illinois's argument that the statute interferes with states rights, because Marshall hold a truism interpretation of the Tenth Amendment. This belief is based on the idea that the state's only have what is not delegated to the national government and what is not restricted to them. Marshal does not believe that there is a separate sphere reserved

“Federalism is a system of government in which entities such as states or provinces share power with a national government. The United States government functions according to the principles of federalism.” Implied powers doctrine came out by the State of Maryland to block the operations of federally supported Second Bank of the United States. The state Legislature placed a tax on notes held by all banks originally built outside of the state. It didn’t speak of the Second Bank, the Supreme Court discovered that it could establish that this was the reason of the law, given that no other out of state banks existed in Maryland. The Supreme Court said no to the actions of the state by finding that the Federal Government held implied powers under the Constitution, it exercised by creating federal banks.

In Taylor v. Porter and Ford the Court and the constitution both made the right decision because there is no law in the state’s constitution that allows private individuals to pay compensation to achieve their own interests by trespassing private property. Deciding otherwise would violate Taylor’s individual property rights and allow others to act in the same manner as Porter and Ford. Proprietors of the Charles River Bridge v. Proprietors of the Warren Bridge (1837) involves the issue of contracts clause. The Massachusetts legislature granted a charter to the Charles River bridge company in 1785. The corporate charter authorized the company to build a bridge over the Charles River and collect toll money for forty years.

Constitutionally then, the responsibility to provide health care does not fall on the federal government but clearly lies with the states. Besides being unconstitutional, when Medicaid was first established in 1965, it was originally meant for the programs of Medicaid to be administered by the states, not the feds (Waldman, Para. 2). So not only is it constitutionally wrong for the federal government to control healthcare, but the Medicaid system we have is lawfully wrong according to the original document. While some might argue that since Washington pays for Medicaid for the

It was the Presidential election of 1800 where Thomas Jefferson won against John Adams. Around this time, Congress had passed the Judiciary Act of 1801. This act altered the Judiciary Act of 1789 in establishing ten new district courts. This was to expand the number of circuit courts from three to six, add additional judges to each circuit, and give the President the authority to appoint Federal judges and justices of the peace. This act also reduced the number of Supreme Court justices from six to five.

Not having any proof of his involvement or leadership of this rebellion, Gallatin was not arrested. Gallatin went on to hold the position of Secretary of the Treasury under Thomas Jefferson and James Madison for thirteen years. He was heavily involved, if not responsible for reducing the national debt and was against internal taxes. Gallatin would have been considered a strict constructionist because he believed that the less involvement the government had, the better. He also recommended that the First Bank of the United States be re-chartered, insisting that it could help stabilize the economy.

A lot of states didn’t like this because there was nothing in the Constitution that says Congress can do this. So the state of Maryland decided to try and get rid of it, by taxing it. So the question was can a state tax a federal bank and can Congress create a national bank that states have to live with? Chief Justice John Marshall found the Necessary and Proper Clause gave Congress the flexibility to create the bank as an aid to carrying out its enumerated borrowing and taxing powers and that Maryland’s taxation of the bank violated the Supremacy Clause. Another example of Congress’ power to make laws was the U. S. vs. Comstock case which gave a wide understanding of the Necessary and Proper Clause.

The Judiciary Act of 1801, a law that created more federal judge positions, contributed to the establishment of judicial review by becoming the first law to be overturned by the process of judicial review and because it caused Chief Justice John Marshall to lay down three principles for judicial review. To begin, the Judiciary Act of 1801 was created shortly before President John Adams left office as an attempt of the Federalist party in order to help keep as many Federalists as possible in government. Adams did this knowing that he or any of his fellow Federalists would not be elected as president. This law evoked the case Marbury vs. Madison, a case between a man who had been promised a job created by the Judiciary Act of 1801 and the secretary

Once again, problems arose. Farmers now feared that the Congress will pass taxes in the importation of slaves. The Congress agreed to permit importation of slaves until 1807. On July 26, 1787, a committee of delegates started drafting the Constitution. Finally, in September 17, 1787, the Constitution went to Congress and then to the states for ratification.

The original system of dual federalism was set up so that the states and national government were separate but worked together. The states did most of the governing instead of the national government. “Citizens daily lives were chiefly affected by their states government not the national.” (Champagne and Harpham, 86) The national government role was to provide for national defence and foreign policy and assist in the development of commerce. The original statement of dual federalism can be found in The Collector v. Day (1807). A Supreme Court case that challenged the authority of the federal government to tax income of a state judge.