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Juvenile Crime Annotated Bibliography

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Annotated bibliography Childress, S. (2016, June 2). More States Consider Raising the Age for Juvenile Crime. Retrieved from PBS: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/article/more-states-consider-raising-the-age-for-juvenile-crime/ More states are considering to raising the age for juvenile crimes before being tried as adult because young offender's mental capacity. The idea is to cut the cost of incarcerate young offender in adult prison and ensure offenders to receive proper education and specialized care to change their behavior. Putting children in adult prison does not deter crime. It has an opposite effect on young offenders. Hence, raising the age for juvenile crimes allow young offender have more time to focus on rehabilitation. Cohn, …show more content…

In family structure, high parenting stress cause children’s problematic behavior especially in single parent. If the child has a high sense of school belonging, the child is likely to participate in delinquent behavior. The passage points out important areas to improve family structure and school belonging. Merino, N. (2010). Juvenile Crime. United States: Greenhaven Publishing. The book provides various opposing viewpoints regarding the cause of juvenile crime and how the criminal justice system should treat juvenile offenders. Each argument highlights the main risk factors for juvenile crime. For example, gang plays a large part of juvenile violence. Some teens become gang members because they feel a sense of belonging and protection. Therefore, the community should focus on building strong relationship and positive role-models. Other critics claim adult prison is not appropriate for juvenile offenders and should find better alternatives. Mooney, C. (2013). Teen Violence: Teenage Problems. San Diego: ReferencePoint …show more content…

Children' brain are not fully developed yet. Thus, they do not realize the risks and consequences of their action. School-to-prison pipeline is arresting children for violating school rules. Statistic show drop out students are likely in jail for many reasons. Society need to focus more on education and spend less on prison, which can save thousands of taxpayers’ money. Ozdemir, S. M. (2010). AN EXAMINATION OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS HELD FOR JUVENILE DELINQUENTS IN TURKEY. Education, 130(3), 384-398. Juvenile delinquency occurs all around the world. In Turkey, experts agree individual characteristic, family's socioeconomic status, and peer group are contributing factors to juvenile delinquency. Studies show media and games may have indirect or direct relationship with delinquency. Educational and rehabilitative programs in Turkey focus on give young offenders opportunity to develop academically and individually. For example, the program's mission is to prepare convicts for life after being discharge to enable to develop better personalities, strengthen their education and gain new skills. Eventually, these convicts will lose their tendency for delinquent

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659 Words | 3 Pages

The state of delinquency among juveniles is a persistent and pervasive American social problem. According to a 1985 study conducted by Hawkins, Juvenile crime represents over 40% of the total arrests for major crimes, including burglary, rape and murder. This rate of juvenile incarceration mirrors that of adult incarceration. This segment of the population which has been ignored by both the written law and society has created great social and economic costs. This pattern of juvenile delinquency and crime must be addressed.

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430 Words | 2 Pages

In chapter 19 of Membership in Youth Gangs and involvement in Serious and violent offending, Terence P. Thornberry examines the correlation between youth gang membership and their participation in serious crimes. Throughout the reading, Thornberry highlight’s what he believes to be the three most important findings in his research. First, our author provides research exhibiting just how youth gang members are responsible for a majority of serious and violent crimes committed by the general youth. According to the reading, prior studies have determined that gang members are significantly more involved in serious delinquency than non-gang members. For example, Fagan (1990) study of a general adolescent sample revealed that only 23 percent of the participants of the study where a part of a gang, but accounted for 67 percent of felony assaults, 66 percent of minor assaults and 66 percent of robberies.

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303 Words | 2 Pages

Our society relies on millions of our citizens to become robust citizens both mentally and psychologically. While teenagers are expected to be obedient, they often commit acts which if they were adults would result in a felony. While these mistakes are inevitable, I feel abandoning the concept of delinquency but maintaining a system to address offenders is best. Considering the pros and cons from this point of view, it appears clear that abandoning the concept of delinquency among children rather than relying on traditional methods appears to be the most effective method which requires the most

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915 Words | 4 Pages

The cost of creating and maintain juvenile detention centers is insane. During the 1990s “the juvenile justice system saw a 43% increase in spending, mainly as a response to the expenditures that accompanied the increased confinement of juvenile offenders” (Gaudio, 2010). It has been proven that juvenile’s brains are not as developed as adults and the threat of detention does not affect them as much as it would in an adult so it would not be as affective at deterring crime. Being incarcerated also may make a juvenile more likely to reoffend once they are released.

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1142 Words | 5 Pages

Truth be told, the greater part of the court's misconduct work is in the treatment of an expansive volume of violations against property, for example, robbery, vandalism, and engine vehicle burglary. In 1992, police made 2.3 million arrests of juveniles nationally. Of these, approximately two-thirds, or 1,471,200, resulted in a referral to juvenile court. Contrary to public perception, the most serious charge was a property offense in 57% of the cases; an offense against a person, such as robbery or aggravated assault, in 21% of the cases; a public order offense, such as disorderly conduct, in 17% of the cases; and a drug law violation in the remaining 5% of the cases (Carol S. Stevenson, 1996). Children in this country are more likely to become victims of crime than adults.

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204 Words | 1 Pages

One way to discipline delinquents or to remove them from society is to incarcerate them. Being surrounded by inmates whom you cannot relate to, not only on a mental level, but on a level of criminal activity is not the ideal setting for a juvenile to be placed in. When this occurs, youth then have to find ways to protect themselves. Which can result to further deviant behavior. "Studies have shown that continuing delinquent youth in correctional facilites will return to the same adverse environment".

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1631 Words | 7 Pages

One article written in 1924, titled “Gives Bobar Case to Juvenile Court: Grand Jury Refuses to Indict Yonkers Girl Who Slew Her Brother,” and discusses a case about a 14-year-old girl who stabbed her brother to death. The other article written in 1933, titled “Says Juvenile Court Upholds Child Rights,” discusses which course of treatment or punishment offending children should receive based on their age and type of crime committed. Both articles include secondary information, or indirect evidence of something that can be learned though someone else. The broader themes include transitioning from punishment to rehabilitation, specifically sending youth offenders to a training or state school rather than placing them prison. They also discuss the environment and behavior of the children and how those factors have an impact on their actions.

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1810 Words | 8 Pages

Numerous studies have revealed that individual characteristics of the juvenile and various other factors cane increase the probability of offending and may also predict substance abuse, teenage pregnancy, dropping out of school and other problems during adolescence and early adulthood (Listenbee, 2014). Although the risk of juvenile offending is dependent on the number of risk factors a youth experiences, the number of protective factors is also highly influential in determining whether or not a youth engages in delinquency (Church, Springer & Roberts, 2014). Risk factors include, but are not limited to the introduction of aggressive behavior in early childhood; the use or abuse of substances; the experience of abuse, neglect, and maltreatment at home; low levels of parental attachment; having a low socioeconomic status; or even involvement with a delinquent peer group. The above mentioned risk factors are only a few of the everyday things that can affect a child and cause some form of delinquency. There are protective factors that will inhibit the conduct such as having a positive or resilient temperament, a sense of self-efficacy, having that much needed level of parental involvement, and having a supportive family.

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1466 Words | 6 Pages

A number of researchers have gathered data on risk factors and precursors for juveniles joining street gangs. Those risk factors will be discussed as well as suggestions

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930 Words | 4 Pages

However, peer influences can also cause disaster for impressionable juveniles. There are countless studies that show, “a consistent relationship between involvement in a delinquent peer group and delinquent behavior” (Shader, 2004). This is a major disadvantage for low income areas who may be riddled with gang violence. When kids have no programs to keep them out of trouble, and are constantly being pressured by their delinquent peers it becomes very easy for them to fall into gang violence. Shader’s research that concluded, “the influence of peers and their acceptance of delinquent behavior is significant, and this relationship is magnified when youth have little interaction with their parents” confirms my views that peer and family interaction is crucial in the risk for involvement in delinquency (Shader,

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1452 Words | 6 Pages

R, Huizinga. D, Loeber, R. & Petechuk, 2003). One of the biggest questions that the study attempted to answer was who becomes a child delinquent and

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1196 Words | 5 Pages

One can see many expressive and instrumental crimes. Studies show that younger people commit more crimes than adults. Juvenile crime occurs all over the world, however, this research only focuses on the crimes within Jersey City such as gun violence, deaths, and juvenile delinquency. During

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4144 Words | 17 Pages

Introduction This paper will focus on the issue of juvenile crime in terms of the social change, leadership and advocacy that are associated with it. Firstly, the importance of the issue, as well as possible contributions that could come with addressing it to the human services or societies supporting the mental health and welfare of its members, will be explained. Afterwards, the specific change needed to resolve the issue will be made clear, along with the specific way it could be addressed. Then, the goals beginning the process of identifying the juvenile crime change will be mentioned and how working towards these goals would assist to promote the much desired change.

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988 Words | 4 Pages

Juvenile delinquency is a growing social problem in the world today, as worldwide, about 200,000 murders occur among youth 10–29 years of age each year (more than 500 deaths a day), which is 43% of the total number of murders globally each year (WHO, 2016). It is defined as major or minor law breaking (e.g. murder, rape, robbery, and theft) by youth (Berger, 2000) and the United Nations defines ‘youth’, as those persons between the ages of 15 and 24 years. Consequently, juvenile delinquency is a critical problem in the society, which could lead to social instability by violence and insecurity perpetrated by and against young people. These problems are caused by various influential factors ranging from peer and parental influences, environmental, and strain. It also affected by family process variables (e.g. parent-child involvement, communication, parental monitoring), indeed parenting is one of the important factors among them.

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2409 Words | 10 Pages

We all know that parents, since the child is born, are always by their child’s side since they share a same home and should be the one to monitor their children while he or she is growing up. David P. Farrington (Farrington, n.d) stated that family factor, poor parental child-rearing methods especially lack of guidance and control from parents, is the most common answer when people are asked about the main cause of crimes. Moreover, according to Lieb Roxanne (1994), family components can predict an early sign of delinquency. Some weak way of predictions are based on the socioeconomic status of the family, and the less affection of the child to parents. However, the lack of guidance and letting the child to feel being unwanted is a strong predictor or root of

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