Migration In Ghana

2.0. LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1. Migration

Migration can be defined as "the movement of people from one place to another" (Fadeyi, A.O, 2009). There are two main types of migration: first, internal migration, i.e. migration within a country, and secondly international migration, which means the movement from one country to another. International migration also comes in two parts, Emigration (Leaving one’s country to live in another) and immigration (Coming into another country to live permanently).

Ghana specifically experiences both types of migration., For internal migration, most people from the three Northern Regions (Northern, Upper East and Upper West Regions of Ghana) migrate mostly to Accra the capital city of Ghana and Kumasi, the capital city of the Ashanti Region. They come with the objective of getting lucrative jobs other than the farming they were doing in their villages. On the contrary, the agents

They are mostly aged between 20years and 35years with about 65% of them being males. Most male migrants are recruited in the areas of agriculture, construction, and industry, certain female-specific sectors of labour migration have crystallized in recent years as the demand for services has grown, especially in the areas of healthcare and private households.

2.3. Causes of migration

Causes of migration can be is relative to the perceived standard of living and opportunities in the target city of the country. Access to information on the conducive environment and employment opportunities abroad; established inter-country networks based on family, culture, and history (Fadeyi 2009). On the demand side, changing demographics and labour market needs in many industrialized countries are important factors.

Some of the reason for migration in Ghana can be attributed to:

• Poor socioeconomic living