Chapter 2 Literature Review
2.1 Definition of key terms
Total Quality Management: A management approach of an organization centered on quality, based on the participation of all its members and aiming at long term success through customer satisfaction and benefits to all members of the organization and society.
Performance: The accomplishment of a given task measured against preset known standards of accuracy, completeness, cost, and speed. In a contract, performance is deemed to be the fulfillment of an obligation, in a manner that releases the performer from all liabilities under the contract.
Pharmaceutical Company: The pharmaceutical industry develops, produces and markets drugs or licensed pharmaceuticals for use as medications. Pharmaceutical
…show more content…
General procedures focus on areas like review of internal documentation, undertaking completeness tests and looking out for errors and omissions. Whereas Source-Category Specific Quality Control procedures are more directed towards specific product needs like some chemicals need their activity regularly checked and some have different storage needs2.
Sallis states that the concern of QA is about preventing faults occurrence in the first place. Quality is designed into the process to ensure that the products are produced to a predetermined specification. Sallis argues that the quality of the good or service is assured by there being a system in place, known as a quality assurance system, which lays down exactly how production should take place and to what standards. QA, then, is a managerial process that can be applied to all manufacturing processes and aims to achieve quality through preventing faults.
Sallis also argued why Quality Assurance has become the key elements of the modern day business process and gives us the idea through the following 4 points:
1. The Moral
…show more content…
TQM, as discussed above underpins the needs of the market and it is particularly useful as it can be used as a rule of thumb across all the departments and it not just limited to Manufacturing/Production areas. It acts as a check list that helps to eradicate non-productive activities and wastage. Nowadays businesses are more concerned with the dedicated teams that can take out the non-productive processes to add efficiency and effectiveness which can ultimately boost the profitability. This has been noted to bring positive attitude, self-development and increased interest in employees towards their
Drug is a natural or synthetic substance which taken into a living body and affects its functioning or structure. It used in the diagnosis, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of a disease or relief of discomfort. Drug also defined as a legal or medicinal drug such as amphetamines, however, can be harmful and addictive if misused. The occurrence of drug abuse is the pressure of the problems such as personal issues, family and work.
3. Research on Best Practices: • To conduct a secondary and tertiary research in order to analyze the best practices for operations, TQM (Total Quality Management), and IT (Information Technology) management concepts and plans from various different sources (mainly from academic literature and industrial examples). The research will mainly focus on operations management, human resource, financial management, and IT management concepts. 4. Internal Research on the Organization: • Primary research will be conducted analyze in depth and breadth the recent managerial procedures and operations.
Pharmacists would create their own medicines, which wasn't monitored. In the Gilded Age things began to change and there was much more room for growth, especially within the pharmaceutical industry. The pharmaceutical industry was one of the top industries in the United States. The pharmaceutical association, which was founded in 1867, would create the fundamental laws for the standards necessary for pharmacies. The pharmaceutical industry kept on expanding and growing and eventually would help lower the price of drugs and would become a key part to the American economy.
Rough Draft: Even after giving an extensive amount of effort, sometimes a stubborn dilemma appears to be cemented into one’s life; however, as anxiety pushes from a gentle nudge to a vigorous kick, one will find the determination to get the better of the situation. Finally, there is the most subtle form of anxiety, which is the slight discomfort from a minor drawback. Not always noticeable, anxiety is present when there is a snag in the plan. Final Draft: Even after giving an extensive amount of effort, a stubborn dilemma appears to be cemented into one’s life. However, as anxiety escalates from a gentle nudge to a vigorous kick, one will find the determination to get the better of the situation.
In 1938, there were some toxic elixirs that where marketed and one hundred and seven people were killed including children. This occurrence birthed the FDA known today as the Food and Drug Administration. The FDA is a federally mandated and governed to protect public health. The qualifications of the FDA goes further than just elixirs. All food production, drug manufacturing, cosmetics, pathogens, and also inspections are regulated by the FDA to provide safe and proper products to the American people.
The word medication is defined as :” A drug or other form of medicine that is used to treat or prevent disease”(Oxford English Dictionary, 2004). From the definition, medication is a great product from chemical and biological aspect which will help general public contain health and live well. However, when people take their medication with non-compliance, the result of taking medication will be harmful and even can be deadly (Hillen et al., 2015).
FISMA makes sure that certain security standards and guidelines are followed; categorizing information and information systems by mission impact, minimum security requirements, selecting appropriate security controls, assessing security controls, determining security control effectiveness, security authorization, and monitoring the security controls and security authorization.
West Pharmaceutical Services peaks my interest as they do work in the form research and development of medicine delivery systems. They have had years to refine the company from its start in 1923 as it has transitioned from research lab packing penicillin to groundbreaking biomedical product production and testing. I am interested in this company as the various research done at their facilities can supplement my knowledge on the working of various devices within the biomedical industry. Moreover, the company is large enough to allow for personal growth within the company to a high extent as I may grow as a biomedical engineer. I would like to contribute to West’s reliability in creating high-quality and technologically advanced containment and delivery solutions.
A. Goal: Work on assessing areas for Quality Improvement in the organization by attending various meetings related to quality 1. (Specific) Attend Quality Improvement Meetings (Measureable) (Areas are being identified by scores either higher or lower) to learn about areas that are in need of improvement in the organization. (Achievable) This is achievable, because areas of improvement is the essence of the meeting.
Process and tools Target Corporation uses tolls and process for product safety and quality assurance. The company assesses a program for risk –based product safety and quality at every stage in the product life cycle, from development through the life of brand product. Target global team implement a program across 36 countries and 2228 factories producing target product, during the process will require independent third-party testing to validate safety and quality before the guests purchase product. the vendor in the company are expected to employ best practices, including clearly defined and well-documented manufacturing and quality processes including staff training , and record keeping. What does the TC required to do the job?
KEYWORDS Non prescription drug, drug abuse INTRODUCTION Over the counter drugs are the medicines sold directly to a consumers without prescription from the health care professionals and registered medical practioner. The
The goal is to make a lifechanging medication at an affordable price. Also, owning a lot of patents under their name has helped them earn a lot of profits. The Merck company has succeeded in differentiating itself as cost leadership
Strategic Quality and Systems Management Report Operations Management Operations management is now the most essential part in maintaining organizational systems. Actually operations management means all the necessary activities of an organization like finance, human resource management, research, marketing etc (Elnathan, 1995). Whether it is planning, leading, organizing or controlling, they all are part of an organization’s operations management. Because of the speedy change of the business environment, internal and external factors like market position, market value, possibility etc. (Stanton, 2001).
In my own words, total quality management approach is the ceaseless procedure of lessening or disposing of blunders in assembling, streamlining store network administration, enhancing the client encounter and guaranteeing that workers are dependent upon pace with their preparation. Total quality management aims to hold all parties in the production process as responsible for the general nature of the overall quality of the final product or service. Total quality management is a management philosophy and company practices that aim to harness the human and material resources of an organization in the most effective way to achieve the objectives of the organization (Hoyle, David 2007). This theory consists of eight principles. The first principle is customer-focused organisation.
Performance Management Performance management according to --- is a function that that embraces activities such as articulated goal setting, uninterrupted progress reassessment, regular communication and feedback, as well as coaching for better performance. Likewise, it involves execution of employee development plans and rewarding accomplishments. In other words, performance management focuses on improving employee performance along with effort via a process that supports employees to get personal and professional fulfilment by a feel of purposeful contribution. In organisations, management is responsible for meeting organisational objectives through the involvement of others; through evaluating the performance of systems and human resources.