Background and overview of the survey The survey used in this paper is from a comprehensive set of different surveys in a project on terminally ill cancer patients and their informal caregivers. The project aims to examine the effect of mental health on patient’s comfort at death and caregiver’s bereavement adjustment. The selected survey was used to collect data of chronically distresses of bereaved caregivers after the death of their beloved ones at the follow-up study one year after the baseline study. The survey was designed based on the Inventory of Complicated Grief – Caregiver version (Prigerson et al, 1995; Prigerson et al., 1999) with Cronbach’s α= .90 or above (Beery et al., 1997; van Doorn, 1997). Two hundred and seventy primary …show more content…
First, this survey is a comprehensive set of valid questions regarding chronological distresses of caregivers. The questions are suitable for clinical diagnosis purpose of the survey. The questions are also organized in different sections based on the categorization of clinical disorders and symptoms, e.g., depression, social phobia, etc. In addition, there is a consistency of questions within a section. For example, in section PC, questions PC3 – PC21 are probed for an understanding of different symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), such as: “Did you have dreams about the illness in the past month?” (PC4) or “In the past month, have you stayed away from things or people that remind you of the …show more content…
The survey, in overall, is lengthy. Although all questions are necessary for clinical diagnosis, finishing this long and complex survey may exhaust interviewees. Besides, in this lengthy survey, there are no sections of introduction and demographic information in the survey. It may be assumed that this is a follow-up survey, and interviewers already collected demographical data from the base-line study. However, it is necessary to inform interviewees the particular purpose of the follow-up study. Regarding response formatting, there are some issues which should be considered. Five response options were arranged in the following order (from left to right): (1) No, (2) Sub, (3) Yes, (7) Ref, (8) DK. First, even though the five-option response is not a scale, it appears illogical in this arrangement when option “Yes” is put at the middle while two sides of the response contain option “No” or “Ref” and “DK.” Second, the coding numbers of five response options are not consistent with 1, 2, 3, and 7, 8., which may cause confusion in the coding process. Third, coding numbers do not always have labels that may be inconvenient for interviewers to code during the interviews. Fourth, some questions like PS11 and PS13 (page 12) including different sub-questions but the response is available only one time for the umbrella questions. Likewise, in question like PS9 (page 11), there is a sub-question under this question but
Like all form of disparities, mental health disparities is a serious challenge for minorities’ communities across America. Individuals with mental health illness how do not receive adequate health care due to variations can be affected in many ways. When their mental illness progress without any diagnosis they can easily be perceived as a threat to society. In cases where crimes are committed, and they cannot prove they are mentally challenged they can be charge and send to prison without being diagnosed which could affect their condition due to the lack of treatment. Without eradicating or implementing policies to deal with mental health disparities the probability of legally or morally assuming that people with mental health challenges are
The fifth theme involved the loss of freedom. The cognitive capacity in this study refer to the caregiver’s information processing ability. Structure Providers: Institutional care quality was the single theme in this category. Appraisals were mostly negative and included feelings of resentment, a lack of support from family members, financial strain, and loss of freedom. Coping strategies included support groups, caring for one’s self, religion, and humor.
In the History of Mental Health: Dual Diagnosis article, it states the differences between the old asylum’s treatments to today asylum’s treatments towards mental people. One of the oldest asylum is Bethlehem, located in London, and inside those walls individuals with psychological disorders were chained, whipped, and allowed to lie in their own waste (Rathus 2016). In the History of Mental Health: Dual Diagnosis article, Dorothea Dix proved to the General Assembly of North Carolina that patients within the asylum are chained, abused, and even kept in an unclean area. She also hoped for asylums to upgrade and have better treatments in the future because those patients are humans as well. Also in the article, women were treated differently because
In this paper, an experiment was performed to evaluate a small portion of people in each grade level and measure the level of risk they have for becoming depressed. Showing the trends of the amount of depression symptoms shown and the different common answers that were listed when the students took the test. There is a trend between the grades and how many kids are at a higher risk of being depressed. This essay will also show the methods that were used to collect the information and the different tools/ways used to record all the information. There will also be tables and/or graphs used to represent the data that has been collected.
After completing the readings in Chapters fourteen, fifteen, and sixteen, the Child and Family Services is the agencies I pursue to be employed. Gladding and Newsome (2014) address several communities have nonprofit agencies who specialize in treating the of children and adolescents (Pg.369) Multiple agencies funding accumulates from United way, religiously affiliated organizations, charities, private endowments, and/or grants (Gladding & Newsome, 2014, Pg. 369). Gladding and colleague state, Clinical mental health counselors who work in children and family agencies are to acquire to obtain a comprehensive apprehension of the systems-based counseling. Unfortunately, a disadvantage in behalf of managing children and adolescents who are experiencing
Mental Status Assessment Appearance Client greeted me at her door with a big anticipating smile on her face. She is a very attractive well groom lady for her age which is 66. She wears black frame glasses that accent her caramel skin tone. She appeared to be very relaxed in her aqua shorts, white sleeveless blouse and house ivory shoes. Her hair was in braids and pulled back in a ponytail.
The theory has produced new nursing knowledge that is useful in practice. Thus, the scope and purpose of Reed’s theory are such that it can be applied to a wide variety of human health situations. The purpose of the theory is to enhance nurses’ understanding about well-being (Reed, 2008). Initially, Reed’s work focused on developmental resources in persons confronted by challenges of later adulthood related to indicators of mental health symptomatology, specifically, clinical depression (Reed, 1983, 1986b, 1991). In linking self-transcendence to mental health as an indicator of well-being, the scope of the theory expanded to include persons other than older adults who were facing end-of-own-life issues (Reed, 1991b).
In anticipatory grief the life of the patient and their family is re-examined; the closeness of relationships, life accomplishments and the anticipation of missed family events. It is preparing for a
The concept of disasters in providing mental health assistance when there has been a traumatic and devastating event. One of the concepts according to (Everly & Mitchell, 2008) would be psychological reactions to disaster may cause serious psychological impairment. In an over all study according to Norris et al . (2002) There was a study of severity of impairment of 60,000 disaster victims between 1981 and 2001.
Throughout the illness, I felt emotions of anger, angry at myself for not spending as much time as I should have with her, angry at life itself, as I knew that my mother had lived a hard life, loosing her parents by the age of five, she had been left to fend for herself, hence, I felt that she deserved better, perhaps more time. Depression was also part of the whole experience, with some days better than others, sometimes it felt as if only the family was experiencing this roller coaster, as my mother had come to terms with her illness, she would remind us that God is great, that His love and mercy had allowed us to enjoy and share life together. Finally, acceptance was felt, as I witnessed the progression of the condition, I was ready to let go, ready to no longer see her physical pain and suffering. As my ability to care for her became more difficult due to my emotional state, we admitted her to hospice, where amazing and compassionate care was provided until the
Questions are usually open-ended but could also be closed (Wengraf 2001:5-10). The open questions allow the research participants to give detailed account of the research phenomenon (Denscombe 1998:163-192). The major advantage of a semi-structured interview is that the researcher can be in control of the interview process and can direct the focus of the interview; however, a semi-structured interview could limit the depth of information the participant is able to give, thus excluding important information (Wengraf 2001:5). The researcher conducted semi-structured interviews to obtain information on the state of ANA test in the grade 9 mathematic classroom.
Why do the people of today still associate stigma, shame and blame with mental health issues? Mental health issues are extremely and widely misunderstood. Despite the fact one in four people are likely to experience some kind of mental health problem a year in the United Kingdom. “Mental health is a person’s condition with regard to their psychological and emotional well-being and it affects how we feel, think and act. It also helps to determine how we handle situations such as stress, how we relate to others and how we make decisions.
Every year natural calamities, disasters, storms, earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, terrorism, extreme heat and climatic changes put people in psychological stress. Suddenly when people face disasters like earth quakes, they undergo trauma and lose faith in life. They become anxious and nervous with sudden changes in the environment. For example Katrina had made thousands of US citizens’ homeless and properties of many people got damages. When a natural disaster or conflict destroys cities, homes and markets, or when hunger and disease threaten to spread, people caught in the middle are simply looking to survive (USAID).
News Critique of Mental Health Post-traumatic stress disorder, caused by the exposure to traumatic events, is catching public eyesight of importance of public mental health, especially for minority population. Essentially, the fact that mental illness is difficult to observe and to be diagnosed (compares to physical disease) leads the public to overlook that mental health is one of crucial part of well-being. As the multifactorial nature of disease, various traumatic events, such as war, catastrophes, sexual abuse and so on, could increase the risks of PTSD. However, expanding the definition of trauma only to racism of minority might cause reverse discrimination.
There are numerous of theories regarding on the stages, phases, and path of the grieving process. According to a study, one of the best stage model was conducted by Elisabeth Kubler-Ross in 1969 on the book “On Death and Dying”. She outlined five stages, “shock and denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance” that professionals perceived as the way successful grief is experienced. Loneliness or the sadness felt due to longing for her husband is another common problem that a widow would experience. Based on a theory, “loneliness can be conceived as a social deficiency” because loneliness occurs when a woman’s social relationship is fewer or less satisfying than what she wanted.