Patellar Dislocation Research Paper

In the United States there is between 100,000 and 200,000 ACL tears a year (anterior). This number may be more but due to the limited data since if you do tear your ACL you do not have to register nothing so if you don't register that you tore your ACL then the number does not go up. Most ACL injuries come from non contact sports or athletics. Surgery is highly recommended for ACL tears. ACL tears can affect lots of people but with surgery you can come back from an injury better than before.

Range of motion exercises. With the help of your therapist and props, such as towels and stability balls, you will be instructed to move your leg and knee into many specific positions to strengthen it and help train you how to keep your knee stable without the use of the torn ligament.

The knee joint is one of the strongest and most important joints in the human body. It allows the lower leg to move relative to the thigh while supporting the body’s weight (Taylor, n.d.) as knee joint is one of the major weights bearing joint in the body. Knee joint plays an important role in our daily lives such as walking, running, sitting and standing. It allows physiological movement such as flexion and extension. The knee joint is also known as tibiofemoral joint. It is a synovial hinge joint formed between three bones which are the femur, tibia and patella (Taylor, n.d.). There are two rounded, convex processes which are known as condyles on the distal end of the femur. The distal end of the femur meets two rounded, concave condyles at the proximal end of the tibia (Tyalor, n.d.). A thick, triangular bone which is known as patella lies anterior surface between the femur and tibia.

This is so that the hamstring will gain back flexibility and elasticity while healing as well as strength. Exercises to help stretch the muscle at the beginning of the treatment may include the straight leg hamstring stretch. This should be felt in the back of the leg but it shouldn’t be painful. The aim of this stretch is to get a little elasticity to the healing tissue. The stretch should be repeated twice a day in 3 sets of 10 seconds. Another excise that could be carried out in the bent leg hamstring stretch. This should help to stretch the muscle fibres closer to hip, instead of the knee like the other exercise. Performing this stretch twice a day as well and performing 3 sets of 10 seconds should help to elasticise the fibres at the top of the hamstring. This should not be painful.

The aim of this review paper is to access the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury of the knee (tibiofemoral) joint, which is a common sport and exercise injury related to the musculoskeletal system. Investigation of the anatomy and physiology of the knee joint, and the diagnosis, etiology, pathophysiology, treatment, rehabilitation and prevention of ACL injuries will provide a descriptive epidemiology. This will aid readers in making informed management and treatment decisions, and guide them to safely perform movements to prevent injury. This review paper will incorporate holistic views on relevant scientific research, including primary resources such as journal articles and lecture notes, which will be cross-referenced

The dislocation of his tibia from the talus has stretched the surrounding ligaments to stretch and tear. When injuries of this type and severity happen to the tibia and thalus the joint rarely returns to its normal function. As the blood supple to the surrounding cartilage is damaged leading to arthritis and the the bones never truly align correctly. Dave will have to be traction to try and straighten the ankle while under heavy medication for both pain and two relax the muscles.

There are two different options you have after a torn ligament in the knee has occurred, you can undergo surgery or let the ligament heal naturally. Some reasons that you may go the natural route are the following: Partial tears in the ligament, young children with open growth plates, stability is not an issue and not involved in any activities that rely on your ACL daily (Cluett 26). It may be the best option to stay away from surgery if you are not involved in heavy physical activities and take care and rest your leg on its own. How this is done is with rest, ice, compressing and elevation, which is commonly referred to as RICE (Zelman 2). You can rest byy using crutches and laying down to take the weight off the injured leg, and ice should be applied every two hours for twenty minutes at a time while awake. Compress your knee with an elastic bandage and elevate on while laying down, the injured knee should be above the heart. Anti-inflammatory medication is also effective when trying to reduce pain. If you are not having instability in your knee then most of the average people let it heal on it 's own because they wouldn 't have to take to risk of surgery (Cluett 25). Surgery is a risk, many athletes are concerned about the small risk of transmission of infections. Diseases like AIDS can be transferred because of the true graft operation where an ACL is taken from a dead human and used as the ligament of someone else. In the book, Stark said, “Nonsurgical treatments

1)Lay the person down and elevate the leg and feet slightly, unless you think that might cause pain.

The hamstrings action is knee flexion and hip extension, its origin is at the ischial tuberosity, its insertion is at the posterior aspect of the medial condyle of the tibia, and it is innervated by the sciatic nerve. To strengthen and stretch these two muscles, I would recommend that he lie flat on his back and put a resistance band at the arch of his foot. He should bring his knee to his chest, and then try to extend the leg against resistance. This will strengthen his quadriceps and hamstrings but the resistance band will also keep his knee from hyperextending from side to side. The gracilis’ action is adduction and internal knee rotation, its origin is at the pubic ramus, its insertion is at the medial surface of the tibia below the condyle, and its innervated by the femoral nerve and the obturator nerve. Lying sideways with the injured leg straightened on the floor, he should cross the uninjured leg in front of the injured one. This will force the injured leg to extend and bear weight. The gluteus maximus’ action is extension, external rotation, and hip abduction. The origin is at the ilium, sacrum, and coccyx, the insertion is at the lateral surface of the greater trochanter, and it is innervated by the inferior gluteal nerve. Lying on the side of the uninjured leg

Do stretching exercises as directed for your legs and especially the large muscles in the front of the thigh (quadriceps) as directed.

HEEL PLANT- after the toe tap you will land your entire foot on your heel planted. Do not lock your front leg as this will not give you balance. Keep the knee bent until you begin to rotate your hips.

3 Elongate your other leg and cross it in front, with the foot pointed toward the camera. Bend the knee a bit so you do not lock up or look stiff.

• Raise the injured area above the level of your heart while you are sitting or lying down, if possible.

Your back knee should be pointed toward the ground and your front knee should be directly over the ankle.(your knee should not go over your toes) Pushing off your right heel and returning to the starting position. Repeat with the left leg.

Patellar tendonitis (PT) is a chronic overuse injury, associated with anterior knee pain sustained during activity, and is a result of the patella tendon becoming overstressed and inflamed (Kettunen et al., 2002). A tendon is defined as a dense, fibrous tissue which is made up of collagenous fibres and attaches muscles to other body parts; usually bones. The patella tendon is located on the anterior aspect of the knee, and is a continuation of the quadriceps tendon and attaching on to the patella and the tibial tuberosity (Kuntzman and Tortora, 2010) and is the main structure by which the knee straightens. When the quadriceps muscles contract, the patella tendon is pulled, and in turn this pulls on the tibia, causing the leg to straighten.