Piriformis Syndrome Case Study

The pelvis and spines are usually affected in Paget disease but other areas that can be affected are skull, shoulder, thigh bone, and long bone ( arms and legs ). Bone pain is a common sign of Paget disease. There has a few features of bone pain,which is feel dull pain deep within the affected some part of the body. Usually the pain happen worse at the night when lying down and that area maybe feel warm. In progress of the Paget disease,maybe the affected bones will occur deformities, for example twisted, misshapen of limb, and scoliosis.

This can affect babies if their diaphragm does not develop properly during their foetal stage, but it can also affect adults. - Muscle hernia: these occurs when part of a muscle pushes through the abdomen. They can occur in leg muscles as a result of sport injuries. Hernia can occur in any part of the body, but they mostly develop in the areas of the body between the chest and hips. Some of the most common types are discussed

It is commonly caused by sudden stretching, repeated and overused a tendon with strain of a particular movement over time which injures the connection between the tendon and its bone or muscle. In the majority of cases, tendinitis develops in people whose jobs or hobbies involve repetitive movements; aggravating the tendons. There are several tendons in the shoulder that can be overused or stretched, and usually a shoulder will have more than one injury at a time which can also contribute to elbow and arm problems when its moved. Some people may find it painful to lie on the affected shoulder at night. Achilles tendinitis may also be caused by ill-fitting shoes, or those that do not properly support the foot.

Injury to the sciatic nerve results in sciatica, pain that may extend from the buttock down the posterior and lateral aspect of the leg and the lateral aspect of the foot” (1). Sciatic pain has a range, “from a mild ache to a sharp, burning sensation or excruciating pain. Sometimes it can feel like a jolt or electric shock. It can be worse when you cough or sneeze, and prolonged sitting can aggravate symptoms. Usually only one side of your body is affected” (2).

The third group would involve a deep abrasion with loss of skin, subcutaneous cover and tendon substance. The fourth group involves a few features such as transepiphyseal plate fracture in children, hyperflexion injury with fracture of articulatng surface of less than half and hyperextension injury with fracture of articulating surface more than half along with early or late volar subluxation of the distal phalanx (Parvizi & Kim, 2010, p.286). Other signs and symptoms of mallet finger would be a pop or rip sensation felt in the affected finger during time of injury. Immediately after injury, pain can be felt when the injured finger is moved. The individual might also find passive movement of the finger possible but it is difficult to straighten the bent finger at the last joint with their own strength.

Introduction Kyphosis is a spinal disorder involving an excessive outward curve that causes an abnormal rounding of the upper back. It occurs when the spinal bones (vertebrae) in the upper back (thoracic spine) become wedge-shaped and cause deformity. Kyphosis is sometimes called dowager's hump, hunchback, or roundback. It is most common among elderly people, but can happen at any age. There are four main types of kyphosis: Postural kyphosis.

Tight fitting shoes can also worsen the condition because standerd fit shoes do not have enough space for the prodtruding second toe. Morton’s toe can also fast track the wearing and tearing down of joints and ligaments. Other associated conditions of Morton’s toe include Metatarsalgia or the ball-of-foot pain, Hammertoes, Bunions or the abnormal bump of bone that is formed at the head of the first metatarsal bone, Morton’s neuroma, and plantar fasciitis. Dr. Morton observed that persons who have Morton’s foot condition experience changes on the way they walk, observed a kind of “walking on ice skates” effect, and changes in

70% of CP cases have spastic cerebral palsy which is the most common type and is caused by damage to the brain’s motor cortex. Spastic cerebral palsy can affect either one side of the body, commonly known as spastic hemiplegia, or both sides of the body. Spastic diplegia causes stiffness mostly in the legs, the arms may be affected, but not as severely. (Spastic Cerebral Palsy.., n.d, p.1) Both of these types involves stiff movements that are exaggerated, caused by increased muscle tone. It causes difficulty preforming tasks such as getting dressed, walking and handling objects.

Sacroiliac joint dysfunction is found in 15 to 30% individuals with low back pain.1 Sacroiliac joint dysfunction can be a result of acute trauma, heavy lifting, prolonged bending, torsional strain, fall on to the buttocks and motor vehicle accidents. Chronic and repetitive shear or torsional forces associated with sports like golf, bowling, skating may also result in sacroiliac joint dysfunction. Prolonged sitting or lying on the affected side, more weight bearing on the affected side during walking or standing, forward bending with knees extended may also predispose a person to sacroiliac joint dysfunction.3 Mechanism of dysfunction: Dysfunction occurs mostly when a person lifts something in a forward flexed position or stands in lordotic posture. Due to this, line of gravity shifts anterior to the acetabulum which creates rotational force in extension around

3, 4, 6b, 8, 10 Clinical signs include muscle weakness and atrophy, exercise intolerance and a paddling gait. Dysphagia and regurgitation are frequently seen with degeneration of the esophageal and pharyngeal muscles. Creatine kinase levels are elevated and there are bizarre discharges on EMG. The breed has also been listed as being predisposed for umbilical hernias. 4, 8 NEUROLOGIC Epilepsy 4, 8 and deafness 8 have been listed as occurring in the breed.