According to the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquent Preventions, the Juvenile arrest rate in 1967 was a total of 2.4 million children ages 12-17. The Outsiders was written in this year. The realistic fictional novel, The Outsiders, by S. E. Hinton and the article, “What Causes Juvenile Delinquency,” by Ilanna Sharon Mandel, both relate to Juvenile Delinquency and its effects on children and their loved ones. Mandel’s points towards Juvenile Delinquency can be applied to Ponyboy and the other greasers through peer influences, family life, self-esteem, race discrimination, and horrible trauma.
According to the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquent Preventions, the Juvenile arrest rate in 1967 was a total of 2.4 million children ages 12-17. This was the year The Outsiders was written in. The realistic fictional novel, The Outsiders, by S. E. Hinton and the article, “What Causes Juvenile Delinquency,” by Ilanna Sharon Mandel both relate to Juvenile Delinquency and its effects on children and their loved ones. Mandel’s points towards Juvenile Delinquency can be applied to Ponyboy and the other greasers through peer influences, family life, self-esteem, race discrimination, and horrible trauma.
Analyzing the juvenile delinquency, this can be perceived from different mindsets. Merriam-Webster defines juvenile delinquency as conduct by a juvenile characterized by antisocial behavior that is beyond parental control and therefore subject to legal action and a violation of the law committed by a juvenile and not punishable by death or life imprisonment. Also, a crimes committed by a person is only name a juvenile if the individual is under the age of eighteen In today’s society majority of kids are not born to be criminals or defined as above as delinquents. Children usually develop these habits or lifestyles choices due to poverty, circumstances and culture.
The benefits of applying boundaries and rules for children and young people consistently and fairly are that all children and young people will know what is expected of them. They will understand what is acceptable and what is not. If rules and boundaries are inconsistent or unfair, children will become confused and will not know what is expected of them. They will be unsure whether their actions or comments will get them into trouble. If rules are not applied consistently as staff are not aware of them, children will react to this and comment on this, e.g. you have given X a warning and have not moved their name on the cloud.
United States: Greenhaven Publishing. The book provides various opposing viewpoints regarding the cause of juvenile crime and how the criminal justice system should treat juvenile offenders. Each argument highlights the main risk factors for juvenile crime. For example, gang plays a large part of juvenile violence.
Some major findings in this study were that participants were significantly more violent than the average juvenile delinquent. They were also asked about the most serious crimes that they had ever committed finding that among the 34 participants, 5 terrorist threats, 5 murders, 2 attempted murders, 1 manslaughter, 12 burglaries, 11 strong-armed robberies, 9 assaults with a deadly weapon, 8 drug possessions with intent to deal, 6 gun possessions, and 5 shootings. There were many preexisting risk factors that included exposure to violence, vicarious victimization, and criminal and delinquent acts. In the aspect of their future expectations, they mostly had negative expectations. When the young males were asked about future risks, they really felt like they would be the victim of a violent crime or even shot at.
He describes the adolescent years as a time when we are most immature during our thinking processes. Because of this, teenagers are more argumentative due to underdeveloped reasoning abilities. They believe they are invincible and take risks. (Psychosocial Development Theory) Erik Erikson’s theory of Psychosocial Development may also provide an interesting explanation for the prevalence of teenagers in gangs.
The boys sought for this experiment were already delinquent, and as noted this was a case study, these were unique individuals and as such the findings cannot be generalized to the larger population of the United States, California or even Oakland. Another fact that must be noted is that the author utilized snowball sampling, the author went to community organizations and asked to be connected to ‘at risk’ kids, and when he established communication with some of the young men, he asked them to refer him to other youths in similar situations. The author also makes note of the fact that his own experiences as a child may have had a bias on his
Albert Cohen (1955) theorized that gangs leave a subculture produced by lower socioeconomic youths as a result of their exclusion from mainstream middle-class culture. These youths recognize that they 're unlikely to get the status valued through the middle-class and make up a gang culture that provides a resource for renewable status. Based on Walter Burns (1958), lower-class culture includes norms and values which are structured round the focal concerns of trouble, toughness, smartness, excitement, fate, and autonomy. Gangs and criminal offense are behavior manifestations of those focal concerns. Richard Cloward and Lloyd Ohlin (1960) suggested that delinquency and gang formation originate from differential chance structures: the uneven distribution of legitimate and illegitimate way of getting goals.
product is clothing. Clothing is adolescents’ top spending category. The reason is that clothing is used due to their symbolical value and its power to establish relationships with peers during adolescence (Chaplin & John, 2005). Furthermore, clothing is used to compensate the low levels of self-esteem in this period. According to Sproles (1986), adolescence is a time of refining self-concepts and learning social skills.
Bad Parents Raise Bad Children W.E.B. Du Bois said that “children learn more from what you are than what you teach”. Society always takes pride solely in the way a child has been raised by its parents. Children do not misbehave because they feel like misbehaving, but because something vital is missing in that child’s nurturing. Many parents allow their young to deviate from what is morally right or equal and their authority and choose violence over all odds as a solution for anger. Firstly, the consequence of ill nurturing can be the outcome of long-term mental health issues because of the child being prone to violence, anger, and stress.
You, Your Toddler and the Power of Positive Reinforcement We all know that toddlers seek attention in the most unbelievable ways, but how to know when enough is enough and how to encourage positive behavior and set positive values in your toddler’s life? Every parent faces certain challenges when it comes to their child’s behavior. Whenever your toddler comes up with a new idea of how to make your day harder, just remember that there are always powerful and magical ways to set them on the right path and teach them valuable lessons. Every children asks for attention, and since they usually aren’t aware of the acceptable limits of strange behavior, they tend to show disobedience and start misbehaving in an anti-social manner.
I think that the key message for young adults and teens throughout this movie has to be that trying to completely fit into and crowd and losing your sense of self is not worth it. When you begin to change who you truly are all you are doing it losing the inner person that you have grown to become. Allison and Emily were trying to fit in so badly that they forgot who they are and the moral and boundaries that were instilled in them. Another key take away from this film is the message that it is not always best to be just another puzzle piece that fits in with the crowd. By the end of the film Allison and Emily both began to realize how much they lost themselves in this double life that they were living, and so did their parents, finally.
Family Influences on Deliquency. Retrieved from http://samples.jbpub.com/9780763760564/60564_CH10_Springer.pdf Greenwood, P. (2008). Prevention and Programs for Juvenile Offenders. Gudjonsson, E. &.
Punishment on Trial: Six Basic Principles of Punishment Irvin Arias National University Punishment on Trial: Six Basic Principles of Punishment This paper explores six basic principles of effective punishment in which are most relevant for consideration when using procedures that may function as punishment to change any child's given behavior and if these factors influence whether a given contingency functions as a Punisher. There Must Exist A Behavioral Contingency
