Texas Supreme Court Case Study

Facts: A high school freshman (T.L.O) had her purse searched by the Assistant Vice Principal at her school because a teacher found her and another student smoking in the lavatory. The Assistant Vice Principal uncovered cigarettes and marijuana.

Earl versus the Board of Education was a Supreme Court case in 2002 where high school students and their parents disliked the action of The Student Activities Drug Testing Policy taking place in an Oklahoma School District. This policy required all middle and high school students who wanted to participate in any extracurricular activity like athletics, to take a mandatory urinary test for drugs before taking part in that activity. However, in this situation in Tecumseh, Oklahoma, the testing was only done for athletics. This was done by the Oklahoma Secondary Schools Activities Association (OSSAA). Specifically two Tecumseh High School students and their parents complained and brought suit, they believed this practice violated

Three laws that have shaped and resolved the rights and services available to the students with disabilities will be discussed in this section.Section 504 of Rehabilitation Act of 1973, the Individuals with Disabilities Act( IDEA )and The Americans Disabilities Act( ADA). The IDEA is the major federal statute providing educational rights to students with disabilities. Even so, two other statutes, Section 504 of the rehabilitation Act and ADA which was modified recently (ADA,2006,2008), also have implication for the disciplinary process when it involves students with disabilities ( Russo & Osborne, 2009).

This case examines the responsibility that a school district has to establish a program that deals with the various language issues of non-English speaking students. Kinney Lau and other non-English speaking students brought forth a lawsuit trying to force the San Francisco Unifed School District (SFUSD) to provide support for all non-English-speaking Chinese students with a bilingual education program so they could proficiently learn English. The case also attaches “strings” to school districts that receive federal financial assiatance.

Athletic Director Bob Marcus has quite the challenge in allocating the athletic department funds appropriately throughout all the programs within Oakbend Senior High School. After critically analyzing the case study it was quite clear some sports such as football and girls basketball received much more funding compared to other sports such as cross country and track and field. Throughout this case brief an effective solution that is both fair and in line with the districts mission will be expanded on to assist Bob Marcus is making the necessary budget cuts to provide a successful athletic program in the future.

In this landmark case Allan Bakke, a white applicant to the University of California, Davis Medical School, sued claiming his denial of admission on racial grounds was a violation of the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution. The standing rule at the time was that race may be a factor in determining admission to educational institutions; however it cannot be the sole determining factor.

After the Milan High School victory, eight teams have made it to the Final Four. These teams are Springs Valley High School in 1958, Tell City High School in 1961, Cloverdale High School in 1966, Loogootee High School in 1970 and 1975, Argos High School in 1979, Shenandoah High School in 1981, Southridge High School in 1985, and Whitko High School in 1991 (“One-Class…”). Loogootee’s 1975 team made it to championship game; but, no small, current A or 2A, school won the championship after Milan High School (Johnson). Just as state champions change each year, so does tournament attendance. In 1960, the total series attendance was 1,497,674. By 1997, the tournament attendance dropped to 786,024 (Whitko).

The year of 1965 the black community let out a collective victory cry. They had finally gotten the rights they fought hard for. They could at last vote, go to school and college, and got the working condition they deserve. They couldn 't have done it without Martin Luther King Jr., but there were a slew of cases that were tried and further assisted in opening the black community 's opportunity pool. They were well known cases, like the Plessy vs. Ferguson, Brown vs. Board of Education, and the Regents of the University vs. Bakke, all very influential cases in the fight for rights.

Lemon V. Kurtzman is a very important court case that made it all the way to the Supreme Court. Being that it isn’t a huge case in regards to the Supreme Court it is often overlooked. But the outcome of the case changed how Americans regarding certain things regarding the constitution constitutional. The when,why,what, who,and where will show the detail of this court case and its importance.

This case between Ronald G. Sandison and Craig M. Stanley, verse Michigan High School Athletic Association centers around two high school students who believe they are being discriminated against because of their learning disability. Ronald Sandison and Craig Stanley both suffered from learning disabilities and were therefore two grades behind other students their age. Both of these students were placed in a special learning school, but by the time high school came around, they were in normal classes with everyone else. Stanley attended Grosse Pointe North High school and Sandison attended Rochester Adams High School. Sandison and Stanley both ran track and field their first three years of high school but were not allowed to run their senior year due to turning 19 before September 1st, 1994. Sandison and Stanley both attended high schools in Michigan that are members of the Michigan High School Athletic Association (MHSAA) . MHSAA does not allow students who turn 19 before Sept 1 of a current school year to participate in interscholastic

The School-to-Prison Pipeline: A Primer for Social Workers, a study by Susan McCarter (2017), was written to give a summary of the School-to-prison pipeline in an attempt to break down the factors surrounding children being funneled into this path by their respective school systems around the country. The author explains the correlation between the School-to-prison pipeline and its disparate outcomes for students of color, students with disabilities, and students who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and questioning (p. 54-55). McCarter presents implications for social workers and multiple specific strategies to reduce the detrimental effects of the School-to-prison pipeline. Susan McCarter, PhD, MSW, is an associate professor

This will effectively ensure that Title IX remains relevant, purposeful, and necessary to the furtherance of equality in mid-level athletics. Accompanying, the Office for Civil Rights of the United States Department of Education developed more of a focus on Intercollegiate Athletics Policy, particularly in relation to all matters Title IX. Stemming from this restructuring, originating in the Office for Civil Rights of the United States Department of Education, Title IX slowly started to become less hotly debated on a Congressional level. This was not, however, without its drawbacks. In 2005, the department acquiesced and adopted a nonbinding policy that created an environment where schools would send interest surveys to students inquiring about their athletic intentions and interests. If much interest does not come back from a certain sport or a certain gender, the school does not have to add any sports to their programs. However, in the sports that have been established, they are obligated to continue following the rules of Title

The reason this decision was justifiable was that it was backed up with reasoning and evidence such as a stated rule. Philip was given a student handbook with all the rules for joining the track team, Coach Jamison even said on page “It’s in the handbook. Read it…” so maybe if he had bothered to read it he would have avoided this whole mess. Another reason the decision was justifiable was that studies show that student-athletes that have higher grades/SAT scores are more likely to get a college scholarship than student-athletes that perform poorly in school. So the school as only trying to help Philip get into college by encouraging him to bring his grade up. Some people might say that the decision wasn’t justifiable because Ms. Narwin gave him a bad grade because she just didn’t like him. That is not true. On page 78, she says “In fact, Philip is a nice boy. So I do feel bad about the whole thing.“ the only reason he received a failing grade was that he refused to study and he didn’t try his best on tests. A final reason is that colleges look for students with higher GPAs. In an article titled “Students Should Have Good Grades to Play Sports,” it is said, “The NCAA, or National Collegiate Athletic Association, will not allow students to play sports unless they meet the required GPA and standardized test score.” Therefore this decision was justifiable and it was backed up with reasons and

"This case presents the difficult issue of balancing the protection of students ' rights and that of personal privacy ... while ensuring that no student is unnecessarily marginalized while attending school," the judge wrote.

“Whether a government activity violates the Establishment Clause is “in large part a legal question to be answered on the basis of judicial interpretation of social facts. Santa Fe Independent School District v. Doe 530 U.S 290, 315, S.Ct. 2266, 147 L. Ed. 2d 295 (2000). Every government practice must be judged in its unique circumstances.” Id. School prayer body of law governs cases when religious activities are taking place in a school setting. Id at 310. A school setting could be seen if public officials have some degree of control over the event in question, which could include, but is not limited to, sporting events, ceremonies, or classrooms. Id at 310 (Holding that student prayer body of law applied when students were at “football games”); see also in Lee, 505 U.S at 588 (Holding that student prayer body of law applied when students were at “graduation ceremonies”) Is this right. Other characteristics of a school setting could include attendance of students, students participating in extracurricular activities, presence of school officials, the school owns the property or the school sponsors the event. Santa Fe, 530 U.S at 303; 311; see also in Lee, 505 U.S at 585. Additionally, a school setting could be seen even if students are not physically in a classroom. Santa Fe, 530 U.S at 301. If the event in question is being held outside the classroom or after hours, a school setting can still be satisfied if the event taking place is held under discretion of school officials. Id. Thus, a student prayer body of law applies to this present case not only because Mr. Pitstick’s a student of the school, but because these board meetings took place in a school