The Accounting Cycle

Accounting cycle is the financial process starting with recording business transactions and leading up to the preparation of financial statements. This process demonstrates the purpose of financial accounting to create useful financial information in the form of general purpose financial statements. Beside that, the sole purpose of recording transactions and keeping track of expenses and revenues is turn this data into meaning financial information by presenting it in the form of a balance sheet, income statement, and cash flows. The accounting cycle is a set of steps that are repeated in the same order every period. The culmination of these steps is the preparation of financial statements.

Facts & Background • This section of a research memo is used to describe all the relevant background information to fully comprehend the needs of the transaction and the accounting behind it. • If a party uninvolved with the original transaction picks up the memo years later the individual should understand the issue, why the transaction is taking place, and dictate

It consists of all the income which causes changes in the stock holder’s equity e.g.-unrealized gains or losses, retirement investments or pension schemes, foreign currency adjustments etc. This statement helps in the future planning of the organization. Statement of Cash flows is a statement that provides information regarding the cash inflows and outflows of a business. Cash generated is categorized under three headings in the Statement of Cash flows namely Operating Cash Flows, Investing Cash Flows and Financing Cash Flows. It identifies the liquidity position of an entity and helps managers take relevant measures

It is because of this basic accounting principle that numerous pages of "footnotes" are often attached to financial statements. As an example, let 's say a company is named in a lawsuit that demands a significant amount of money. When the financial statements are prepared it is not clear whether the company will be able to defend itself or whether it might lose the lawsuit. As a result of these conditions and because of the full disclosure principle the lawsuit will be described in the notes to the financial statements. A company usually lists its significant accounting policies as the first note to its financial

22nd November, 2015 Laura Schim van der Loeff Academic and Study Skills Pros and cons of “cash-flow accounting” and those of “accrual accounting” Yuting Cui 10888217 In an entity, financial accounting, or bookkeeping is the tool used to keep track on financial activities. Users, for example: managers, stockholders, etc. use the result of financial statements to justify behaviors of the entity and make efficient decisions accounting to the data provided. With different basis, companies have various methods to do bookkeeping. Two methods mentioned in this paper are cash-flow basis and accrual basis accounting.

In order to manage their companies’ inventory, business owners create procedures . The type of small business, size of operations and number of business locations often dictate the model of inventory management system a company uses. Inventory replenishment features include an authorized purchase order sent to a vendor or supplier requesting additional inventory products. Business owners generally implement a specific inventory order process for replenishing inventory. These products was receives and verifies by the company employee.

Planning directs an organization 's strategic and long term goals; supports organizational reviews to identify strengths and weaknesses and to evaluate operational effectiveness; and it gives advice for recommendations based on emerging trends, expansion opportunities and internal business process improvement. Accounting are one of the departments that run the business. They prepare or review budgets for expenditures and income, resolve accounting entries and manage monthly closing activities for the businesses for future planning. They do this to know the budget limit and the expected profit for certain

Management Information Systems (MIS) Management information systems are combinations of hardware and software systems that are enrolled in an organizations or an enterprise in order to provide the needed information to the management to run the enterprise. Management information systems are used to achieve business goals with a competitive advantage over other businesses. An ideal example for a management Information System is that, in a company an executive plays a role of a decision maker and is in the position of a planner and also a decision maker. He/she is in responsible of achieving the target and goals of the organization. The MIS facilitates to analyze the data and provide the decision support systems to perform the task of execution.

Sales and purchases are taken into account. A General Ledger is a chronological accounting record a business uses to keep track of financial transactions, to document sales and purchases. When an order is placed within the company for a particular item, it is given a general ledger code which represent different items available for purchase (for example 101 for paper, 102 for toner, etc.). This system allows items to be bought but also saves a record of the purchase order so that by the end of the working year, one can approximate what is required for the upcoming year. This is how an IT budget can be

It consists of Customer billing statements, Sales orders, purchase Requisitions, Sales analysis reports, Register checking, Vendor invoices, general ideas, payroll information, timekeeping and inventory data, tax information. This data can be used to preparing the accounting statement and reports. (Fontinelle, 2017).Accounting Information System is used for to produce the external stories related to the financial statement, supported through routine activities, Decision Support and Planning and Control, Implementing internal control. Accounting Information roles are classified into External Auditor, Tax Accountant, Consultant and Internal Auditor, Business Analyst, Budget analysts, Financial Analyst, controller and Accounting Clerk. It is discussing the future, and current role of Accounting Information system is analyzing by accountant responsibility and financial